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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Propagating Perfection: Eugenic Sterilization at the Utah State Training School, 1935 - 1974

Rust, Jennifer 01 May 2017 (has links)
Compulsory sterilization as a tool of eugenics occurred in the United States from before the U.S. Supreme Court upheld its’ constitutionality in 1927 until the early 1970s. Initial justification for removing a person’s ability to procreate was rooted in hereditarian assertions that disability was transmitted from parent to offspring, and incorporated an economic argument that individuals with disabilities placed a financial burden on the state for care. Due to scientific deconstruction of the hereditarian argument, rationalization for sterilization evolved into an anxiety over the perceived inability of the disabled to parent. The state of Utah sterilized 738 individuals with intellectual disabilities from 1935 to 1974. This paper explores how Utah was similar to other states in terms of implementing compulsory sterilization through the establishment of the Utah State Training School and the philosophy of its leadership team.
2

Direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das mulheres: análise jurisprudencial da esterilização sem consentimento e do aborto no Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo (TJSP) / Sexual and reproductive rights: jurisprudential analysis of compulsory sterilization and abortion in the Court of Justice of São Paulo (TJSP)

Nogueira, Beatriz Carvalho 23 November 2018 (has links)
A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as construções jurídicas realizadas sobre os direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das mulheres, especialmente no tocante às esterilizações realizadas sem consentimento e ao aborto realizado pelas mulheres ou com o seu consentimento. Para isso, utilizamos o conceito amplo do direito, entendido como a legislação formal (componente formal normativo), as decisões judiciais (componente estrutural) e as construções doutrinárias e o uso cotidiano dos instrumentos jurídicos (componente políticocultural). Nossa hipótese era a de que tanto a legislação quanto as decisões judiciais representavam um controle dos corpos das mulheres e, consequentemente, significavam a expropriação de sua autonomia sexual e reprodutiva. Sob uma perspectiva legal feminista, foram reunidas teorias de Direito e Gênero que indicam o papel que o direito possui na proteção e emancipação das mulheres e as transformações necessárias no campo jurídico para que ele se transforme em espaço de luta feminista. Além disso, buscamos compreender as razões que levam o Estado a controlar os corpos das mulheres e o papel que esse controle representa atualmente. A partir dessas teorias, analisamos a legislação formal e as decisões judiciais do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo (TJSP) relacionadas especificamente à esterilização praticada sem o consentimento da mulher e ao aborto realizado pela gestante ou com o seu consentimento. Para a coleta, sistematização e análise dos dados, utilizamos as técnicas metodológicas da análise de conteúdo. Como resultado, concluímos que os direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das mulheres ainda são tematizados pelas leis e decisões judiciais sob uma perspectiva que se apresenta como neutra, mas que reproduz o controle social dos corpos e da autonomia sexual e reprodutiva das mulheres. Além disso, observamos que o controle dos corpos promovido pelo Estado permanece nos discursos legislativos e judiciais que limitam e criminalizam a autonomia reprodutiva das mulheres ou que expropriam as decisões relativas aos corpos das mulheres quando elas não atendem às características esperadas ao exercício da maternidade. / The objective of the present research is to analyze the juridical constructions about the sexual and reproductive rights of women, especially regarding compulsory sterilization and abortion practiced by women or with their consent. For this, we use the broad concept of law, known as formal legislation (formal normative component), judicial decisions (structural component) and doctrinal constructions and daily use of legal instruments (political-cultural component). Our hypothesis was that both legislation and judicial decisions represented a control of women\'s bodies and, consequently, meant the expropriation of their sexual and reproductive autonomy. From a feminist legal perspective, Law and Gender theories have been gathered which indicate the role that law has in the protection and emancipation of women and the necessary transformations in the legal field, so that it becomes a space for feminist struggle. In addition, we seek to understand the reasons that lead the State to control the bodies of women and the role that this control currently represents. Based on these theories, we analyze the formal legislation and judicial decisions of the Court of Justice of São Paulo (TJSP) related specifically to the sterilization practiced without the woman\'s consent and the abortion practiced by the pregnant woman or with her consent. For data collection, systematization and analysis, we use the methodological techniques of content analysis. As a result, we conclude that women\'s sexual and reproductive rights are still thematized by laws and court decisions from a perspective that is neutral but reproduces the social control of women\'s bodies and sexual and reproductive autonomy. In addition, we observe that State control of bodies remains in legislative and judicial discourses that limit and criminalize the reproductive autonomy of women or expropriate decisions about the bodies of women when they do not meet the characteristics expected to the exercise of motherhood.

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