Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:47:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PLINIO DE MELO PIRES.pdf: 1093896 bytes, checksum: c5237b76a8ee05d2f7b93d5208f92fb0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-26 / This study presents a research regarding affirmative action for black people entering the Brazilian public service. The approach was mainly based on the bibliography search method and aims to highlight the affirmative public policies which use the ethnic character to ensure the access of black people to fundamental rights. The focus is legal, considering the extreme interdisciplinary of this theme, which requires constant reflection on its philosophical, sociological, political and economic developments. The reason for and relevance of this research is strongly related to the recent Law 12.990 of 09 June 2014, establishing the reserve for black people of 20% (twenty percent) of the positions offered in effective posts and government jobs within the federal government, local authorities, public foundations, public companies and joint stock companies controlled by the Union. That is one reason why it becomes important to focus on this new applicability of racial quotas which aims to foster equality provided for in the country s Constitution. Therefore, the research is based on historical and legal analysis of the constitutional principle of equality, its meaning and scope, starting from the conception of the existence of diversity and difference among citizens. In addition, the objective aspects of affirmative action are contrasted with recent discussions and considerations about unequal treatment that is justifiable and its clash with the meritocratic nature of the disputes for government jobs. It is worth mentioning also that this research work has its origin in important national and international precedents, such as the judgment of Breach Action Fundamental Principle n 186 by the Brazilian Supreme Court. These may serve as guidelines to be taken into consideration when implementing these new policies. Henceforth, based on the principle of equal opportunities for all, this new model presents a chance to step up the process of inclusion of black people. / O estudo apresenta pesquisa realizada a respeito das ações afirmativas para ingresso de negros no serviço público brasileiro. Toda a abordagem, preponderantemente realizada a partir do método bibliográfico de pesquisa, tem por objetivo elucidar as políticas públicas de caráter afirmativo que utilizam o caráter étnico para garantir o acesso de negros na fruição de direitos fundamentais. O enfoque é jurídico, em que pese a extrema interdisciplinaridade do tema, que requer uma constante reflexão sobre seus desdobramentos filosóficos, sociológicos, políticos e econômicos. A justificativa, a atualidade e o destaque do tema encontram-se na recente edição da Lei 12.990, de 09 de junho de 2014, que instituiu a reserva aos negros 20% (vinte por cento) das vagas oferecidas nos concursos públicos para provimento de cargos efetivos e empregos públicos no âmbito da administração pública federal, das autarquias, das fundações públicas, das empresas públicas e das sociedades de economia mista controladas pela União, razão pela qual se torna relevante enfocar essa nova aplicabilidade das cotas raciais que tem como pressuposto a mitigação da igualdade prevista constitucionalmente. Para tanto, a pesquisa se baseia numa análise histórica e jurídica do princípio constitucional da igualdade, seus significados e alcances, partindo-se da concepção da existência das diversidades e da diferença entre os cidadãos. Além disso, confrontam-se os aspectos objetivos das ações afirmativas com novas discussões embasadas na verificação de um tratamento desigual que seja justificável e o seu embate com o caráter meritocrático das disputas dessa natureza. Insta mencionar, ainda, que o trabalho parte de imperiosos precedentes, nacionais e internacionais, como é o caso do julgamento da Ação de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental nº 186 pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, como referenciais a serem averiguados para a nova implementação dessas políticas públicas. Destarte, a partir de uma nova concepção baseada na igualdade de oportunidades a todos, tem-se com esse modelo uma nova chance de intensificar os processos de inclusão dos negros.

This thesis investigates different aspects of competition under uncertainty using the tools of game theory. In Chapter 1, I consider a quantity oligopoly game. One of the firms is presented with an opportunity to commit to some output before the demand becomes known, but may add to it afterwards, then moving simultaneously with the rivals. I show that the more cost-efficient firm is more likely to behave like a Stackelberg leader, i.e. to produce the optimal Stackelberg leader quantity ex-ante and refrain from adding to it later, letting the rivals respond to its ex-ante output in the manner of Stackelberg followers. In Chapter 2, I study a model of an electoral contest. Two symmetric parties allocate their endowments to building platforms on various issues before the start of a campaign. Next, one of the issues becomes decisive in the course of the campaign with a commonly known probability. The outcome of the election depends on the difference in competence in this issue. I show that if the payoff functions are convex in this difference-the case of 'increasing returns to power'-parties differentiate each other by selecting different campaign issues. On the contrary, when the payoff functions are concave in this difference-the case of 'decreasing returns to power'-parties mimic each other by investing the same amounts into the same issues. Thus, incentives for selecting campaign issues depend critically on the shape of the payoff functions, which might be determined by (1) a non-linear technology transforming parties' investment in various topics into voters' perception of their competence, (2) or parties' inherent motivation for winning by a big margin due to parties' ideological convictions or rent-seeking, (3) or an electoral system giving winners or big parties a disproportionate advantage in the assigned number of seats, (4) or a relatively high extent of power given to the winning party once in office.

This thesis consists of five papers, presented as separate chapters within three parts: Industrial Organization, Evolutionary Game Theory and Game Theory. The common basis of these parts is research in the field of game theory and more specifically, equilibrium selection in different frameworks. The first part, Industrial Organization, consists of one paper co-authored with Prajit Dutta and Jörgen Weibull. Forward-looking consumers are analysed in a Bertrand framework. It is assumed that if firms can anticipate a price war and act accordingly, so can consumers. The second part, Evolutionary Game Theory, contains three chapters. All models in these papers are based on Young’s (1993, 1998) approach. In Chapter 2, the Saez Marti and Weibull’s (1999) model is generalized from the Nash Demand Game to generic two-player games. In Chapter 3, co-authored with Jens Josephson, a special set of stochastically stable states is introduced, minimal construction, which is the long-run prediction under imitation behavior in normal form games. In Chapter 4, best reply and imitation rules are considered on extensive form games with perfect information. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögsk., 2001

This dissertation attempts to trace the shifting relationship between the fields of Rhetoric and Poetry in Western culture by focusing on poetry contests and competitions during several different historical eras. In order to examine how the distinction between the two fields is contingent on a variety of local factors, this study makes use of research in contemporary cognitive neuroscience, particularly work in categorization and cognitive linguistics, to emphasize the provisional nature of conceptual thought; that is, on the type of mental activity that gives rise to conceptualizations such as “Rhetoric” and “Poetry.” The final portions of the research attempt to use some modeling techniques derived from cognitive linguistics as invention strategies for producing stylistically idiosyncratic academic knowledge, and for examining the relationship between the stylistic markers we associate with each of the two aforementioned fields.

The current research evaluated individual differences and contextual effects on men’s robust sexual overperception bias and on women’s tendency to be misperceived. Study 1 pioneered the use of a “speed-meeting” methodology which allowed for a direct calculation of sexual misperception by comparing measures of actual interest to measures of estimated interest across five interactions. As predicted, men demonstrated a robust sexual over-perception bias, a bias that was influenced by their mating strategy and physical attractiveness. Women, on the other hand, consistently underestimated men’s sexual interest in them, and physical attractiveness was a key predictor of their likelihood of being overperceived. Study 2 replicated the prediction tests from Study 1 and narrowed down the exploratory regression models to the most specific and robust effects, namely mating strategy and physical attractiveness. Study 3 examined the effects of testosterone (T) on men’s sexual misperception by manipulating intrasexual competition in the lab. Men engaged in a computer game, which randomly assigned them to win or lose, against an unseen male competitor. After the game, each participant interacted with a trained female confederate posing as a participant, after which they rated her on multiple traits, including interest in her and his estimate of her interest in him. Salivary assays for T were collected before and after the game, and after interacting with the confederate. The results of the experiment demonstrated that although the competition outcome did not affect men’s T, changes in T during the interaction with the woman predicted men’s sexual misperception. The more attractive the man found her, and the more interested he was in her, the more his T increased during their interaction and the more he overperceived her interest. Taken together, these studies indicate that far from a simple sex difference, men’s overperception bias is predictably nuanced and specific. / text

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nÃo hà / Com o propÃsito de analisar em que medida os fatores sÃcio econÃmicos contribuem para a colocaÃÃo dos indivÃduos no mercado de trabalho, para o aumento das suas possibilidades de obtenÃÃo de emprego e de conhecer como se distribui o desempenho das pessoas que estÃo tentando ingressar neste mercado, esta pesquisa utiliza uma base de dados com informaÃÃes sÃcio-econÃmicas de 232.771 candidatos inscritos em um concurso pÃblico realizado pelo Banco do Nordeste do Brasil S.A. (BNB) no ano de 2003 para o cargo de Assistente Administrativo, cedida gentilmente pelo BNB e pela AssociaÃÃo Cearense de Estudos e Pesquisas EconÃmicas, Administrativas e ContÃbeis â ACEP. No CapÃtulo 2, uma anÃlise do desempenho educacional brasileiro à realizada atravÃs de uma revisÃo da literatura correlata na busca do conhecimento jà existente em relaÃÃo aos seus determinantes e da sua influÃncia na tentativa de ingresso ao mercado de trabalho, sendo revelados indicativos de fraco desempenho educacional pela maioria da populaÃÃo brasileira e a existÃncia do fenÃmeno da overeducation. A abordagem empÃrica da base de dados supracitada à realizada no CapÃtulo 3, atravÃs de uma anÃlise descritiva e nÃo paramÃtrica em relaÃÃo aos resultados obtidos na provas e aos itens respondidos pelos candidatos em um questionÃrio sÃcio-econÃmico, constantes nessa base. Este capÃtulo tem uma abordagem isolada dos citados fatores, entretanto, vÃrios detalhes e nuances mostram-se preliminarmente como importantes indicadores para a interpretaÃÃo dos resultados. Um survey da teoria relativa à abordagem economÃtrica dos modelos de escolha discreta, inclusive de cunho didÃtico, à feito no CapÃtulo 4, como um subsÃdio à anÃlise agregada dos determinantes de desempenho do concurso supracitado, a qual revela como mais adequado o Modelo de Escolha Ordenada. A modelagem economÃtrica aponta para a relevÃncia e significÃncia de todas os fatores sÃcio-econÃmicas no desempenho, reforÃando a complexidade do assunto, pela correlaÃÃo existente entre as variÃveis explicativas. Assim, tornou-se possÃvel delinear o perfil tÃpico de um candidato que obteve sucesso no concurso supracitado: jovem urbano, com tempo disponÃvel para o estudo, descendente de famÃlia de renda elevada e com alto grau de instruÃÃo - ratificando o cÃrculo vicioso de renda existente no Brasil. As conclusÃes ressaltam, ainda, a importÃncia da formulaÃÃo e da implementaÃÃo de polÃticas pÃblicas no intuito de mitigar o impacto dos fatores sÃcio-econÃmicos, quando desfavorÃveis, no desempenho de uma pessoa, seja no Ãmbito educacional ou profissional, sobretudo no Nordeste â regiÃo historicamente mais castigada pelas desigualdades sÃcio-econÃmicas no Brasil.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T22:45:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Ricardo Carvalho Lima Ramos1.pdf: 2470740 bytes, checksum: 003bc3edcf760a9cf7a4519eab308ad4 (MD5) Ricardo Carvalho Lima Ramos2.pdf: 2504389 bytes, checksum: 91cdb69d7ce7edb1a2dce4c7a7905ca0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation contains an analysis of the urban density proposals of ten projects that were awarded in the Bairro Novo Contest, held in 2004. To do this, an investigation is made, starting with the industrial revolution, of historical antecedents which left a mark on 18th, 19th and 20th century cities in the form of designs and plans. / Esta dissertação analisa as propostas de densidades urbanas dos dez projetos premiados no Concurso Bairro Novo, organizado em 2004. Para tanto, são investigados os antecedentes históricos ocorridos a partir da revolução industrial, que marcam, sob a forma de projetos e planos as cidades dos séculos XVIII, XIX e XX.

The thesis focuses on consumer contests within the field of modern technologies. Its objective is to provide a comprehensive overview of the role consumer contests take as a part of the marketing communications mix, the current legislation governing the issue of consumer contests in the Czech Republic, and especially on how to use the Internet and mobile devices to create a successful contest campaign. Special attention is paid to describing a variety of contest concepts as well as to the most current platforms that can be used in a contest execution. The work also includes an online survey, providing unique data on involvement and preferences of the respondents about consumer contests.