Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:36:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Afonso Cesar Lelis Brandao.pdf: 12894448 bytes, checksum: 21a13c407b8b3aa0e19a3514eccc03d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-29 / Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie / The study aimed to show the characteristics of ecological concrete without structural responsibility , from the addition of zest from the tire retreading process and marble dust and refuse of extraction quarries . Were molded and tested according to the ABNT norms specified in the body of work, samples of concrete, with the addition of waste from tire retreading and quarrying . The addition of the objective rubber decrease the density of the concrete and to improve its ability to absorb impacts and mechanical strength, since addition of the powdermarble improve particle packing , cement consumption and density , decreasing voids which are accumulated due to the heterogeneity of rubber shavings . The results show that these wastes can be inserted into the concrete together and since in this case the ratio was better with 10 % of each residue according to the added weight of cement concrete trace. We see this work an improvement of the results of tensile strength compared to conventional concrete ( Pilot ) and loss of compressive strength of concrete with added enhanced with the addition of marble powder- rubber . The concrete also showed that after their break there is no breakdown of parts , which can be well utilized in tall buildings to avoid accidents with zest rubber . / O trabalho teve como objetivo mostrar as características do concreto ecológico, sem responsabilidade estrutural, a partir da adição de raspas de pneus provenientes do processo de recauchutagem e do pó de mármore como refugo da extração de pedreiras. Foram moldados e ensaiados, de acordo com as normas da ABNT especificadas no corpo de trabalho, corpos de prova de concreto, com a adição de resíduos provenientes da recauchutagem de pneus e da extração de mármore. A adição da borracha objetiva diminuir a densidade do concreto e melhorar a sua capacidade de absorção de impactos e tração mecânica, já a adição do pó-de-mármore, melhorar o empacotamento de partículas, consumo de cimento e adensamento, diminuindo espaços vazios que são acumulados devido à heterogeneidade das raspas de borracha. Os resultados mostram que estes rejeitos podem ser inseridos no concreto, desde que juntos e, neste caso a melhor relação ficou com 10% de cada resíduo adicionado de acordo com o peso de cimento do traço do concreto. Vemos neste trabalho uma melhoria dos resultados de resistência à tração comparado ao concreto convencional (Piloto) e a perda de resistência à compressão axial do concreto adicionado com borracha melhorada com a adição de pó-de-mármore. O concreto também mostrou que com as raspas de borracha, após sua ruptura não há a desagregação das partes, o que pode ser bem aproveitado em construções de altura para evitar acidentes.

En la actualidad las cantidades de residuos han incrementado con el pasar de los años, convirtiéndose en una amenaza grave para el medio ambiente. Esto ha generado que reciba mayor atención por las autoridades e investigadores a nivel global, proponiendo usos respetuosos con el medio ambiente de estos residuos, los cuales han ido desarrollando y mejorando en los últimos años. Este estudio profundiza en el posible uso del residuo de vidrio plano como una solución sostenible, al ser adicionados en el concreto. Para esto, se hicieron diseños de mezcla con diferentes cantidades de vidrio pulverizado y se realizaron comparaciones para identificar el efecto en las propiedades del concreto mediante ensayos de asentamiento, resistencia a la compresión y resistencia a la compresión en condiciones de ataque por sulfatos. Los resultados muestran que, para dichas pruebas, la adición de vidrio pulverizado favorece a las características de sus propiedades, presentando además un ahorro económico. / At present the amounts of waste have increased over the years, turning into a serious threat to the environment. This has generated greater attention by authorities and researchers around the world, proposing environmentally friendly uses of these residues, which have been developing and improving in recent years. This study delves into the possible use of pulverized flat glass waste as a sustainable solution, when added to concrete. For this, mixing designs were made with different amounts of glass powder and comparisons were made to identify the effect on the properties of the concrete by slump tests, compressive strength and compressive strength in sulfate attack conditions. The results show that for these tests, the addition of glass powder favors the characteristics of its properties, while presenting an economic saving. / Tesis

La cantidad de residuos se ha incrementado con el paso del tiempo, siendo actualmente una amenaza grave para el medio ambiente; tal es el caso del vidrio plano, el cual genera cantidades considerables de merma poco reutilizables en su producción. Esto ha generado que sus residuos reciban una mayor atención por las autoridades e investigadores a nivel global en los últimos años, proponiéndose usos respetuosos que contribuyan hacia un entorno más sostenible. Este estudio profundiza en la utilización del residuo de vidrio plano para la reducción de su merma y lo propone como una solución en la elaboración de un concreto ecológico, al ser incluido de forma pulverizada como adición en el concreto. Para ello, se hicieron diferentes diseños de mezcla con porcentajes variables de vidrio plano pulverizado, realizándose comparaciones con respecto a un concreto patrón para identificar su efecto en las propiedades del concreto; evaluándose los ensayos de asentamiento, resistencia a la compresión y resistencia a la compresión en condiciones de ataque por sulfatos. Los resultados muestran que la adición de vidrio plano pulverizado contribuye a la mejora del asentamiento, la resistencia a la compresión y la resistencia a la compresión en condiciones de ataque por sulfatos; y también, presenta un ahorro económico con respecto al concreto patrón. / The amount of waste has increased over time, currently being a serious threat to the environment. Such is the case of flat glass, which generates considerable quantities of waste that are not reusable in the production. This has generated that its residues receive a greater attention by the authorities and researchers to global level in the last years, proposing respectful uses that contribute towards a more sustainable surroundings. This study deepens in the use of the flat glass waste to reduce its shrinkage and proposes it as a solution in the elaboration of an ecological concrete. For this, different mixing designs were made with varying percentages of flat sprayed glass, making comparisons with respect to a concrete pattern to identify its effect on concrete properties; evaluated by slump tests, compressive strength and compressive strength in sulfate attack conditions. The results show that, the addition of pulverized flat glass contributes to the improvement of slump, compressive strength and compressive strength under sulphate attack conditions; and it presents an economic saving with respect to the reference concrete. / Trabajo de investigación

El calentamiento global es un tema que genera mucha preocupación en la población mundial. Siendo el cambio climático una de las consecuencias que se perciben en las diversas partes del mundo. La manifestación de este cambio ha ocasionado que se propongan diversas técnicas o métodos que permitan mitigar o controlar relativamente las temperaturas extremas, entre estos métodos ingenieriles se propone al plástico como componente del concreto para aislar las temperaturas externas. Ese estudio desarrolla una investigación experimental de la influencia del tereftalato de polietileno (PET), al ser incluido en la mezcla de concreto, en el logro del confort térmico que se pudiese llegar a obtener, al combinarlo con una innovadora adaptación del sistema trombe en la construcción de una vivienda. Para ello, se asumirán especificaciones de investigaciones realizadas, con respecto a la elaboración e inclusión del PET, que permiten concluir indirectamente la mejora del aislamiento térmico sin dejar de cumplir las restricciones estructurales. Asimismo, se explicó a detalle, la forma en la que se adoptó e innovo el sistema de muros trombe al construir el techo de un prototipo de la vivienda. Los resultados muestran que la técnica empleada en el presente estudio permitió mejorar considerablemente la eficiencia térmica en el prototipo de la vivienda. / Global warming is a topic of great concern to the world population. Being climate change one of the consequences perceived in various parts of the world. The manifestation of this change has caused various techniques or methods to be proposed to mitigate or relatively control extreme temperatures. Among these engineering methods, plastic is proposed as a component of concrete to isolate external temperatures. This study develops an experimental investigation of the influence of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), when it is included in the concrete mix, in achieving the thermal comfort that could be obtained, when combined with an innovative adaptation of the trombe system in the construction of a house. For this, specifications of investigations carried out, with respect to the preparation and inclusion of PET, will be assumed, which allow indirectly to conclude the improvement of thermal insulation while still complying with structural restrictions. Likewise, the way in which the trombe system was adopted and innovated when building the roof of a prototype of the house was explained in detail. The results show that the technique used in the present study considerably improved the thermal efficiency of the prototype of the house. / Tesis