Aim: To assess the association between preference of pediatric management techniques and parenting styles of parents of children aged 5-13 years cared for in a university health center in Lima, Peru. Materials and methods: The total of the respondents were 160 parents (77 % are female and 78 % belong to the age range of 30 years and over). Parenting styles are assessed using the self-paced questionnaire Parenting Style Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ). The preference of the behavior management techniques was evaluated by means of an informative sheet of own elaboration where six techniques are included according to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) of 2015. As father's age in intervals of years, sex of the father, educational level, number of children, sex of the children, age of the child in years and order of birth of the children. Chi Square and Fisher's Exact Test were analyzed for bivariate analysis and for the numerical variable used Kruskal Wallis. Results: There is no association between preference of behavior management technique and parenting styles. The prevalence of authoritative parenting style and a greater preference for communication techniques were determined, the latter regardless of the parenting style he manages at home. Conclusions: The preference of the behavior management technique is not associated with the parenting styles. However, the prevalence of communication techniques leads us to conclude that more studies should be carried out around it. / Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación que existe entre la preferencia de las técnicas de manejo en Odontopediatría y los estilos de crianza de los padres de niños con edades entre los 5 y 13 años que son atendidos en un Centro Universitario de Salud de la ciudad de Lima, Perú. Materiales y métodos: Se encuestó a un total de 160 padres de familia, de los cuales el 77 % era de sexo femenino y el 78 % pertenecía al grupo etario de 30 años a más. Los estilos de crianza se evaluaron por medio del cuestionario autoaplicado Parenting Style and Dimension Questionary (PSDQ); y la preferencia de las técnicas de manejo de conducta se evaluó por medio de una ficha informativa de elaboración propia, en la cual se incluyeron 6 de las 13 técnicas que se emplean de acuerdo con Behavior Guidance for the Pediatric Dental Patient de la American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) que fue publicada en el 2015. Las variables registradas fueron: edad del padre en intervalos de años, sexo del padre, nivel educativo, número de hijos, sexo de los hijos, edad del niño en años y orden de nacimiento de los hijos. Luego se utilizó la prueba Chi-cuadrado y la prueba exacta de Fisher para realizar el análisis bivariado, y se aplicó la prueba de Kruskal Wallis para la variable numérica. Resultados: No existe asociación entre la preferencia por una técnica de manejo de conducta y los estilos de crianza, puesto que en la investigación se observó una prevalencia del estilo de crianza autoritativo y una mayor preferencia por las técnicas de comunicación, indistintamente del estilo de crianza que se manejaba en las casas. Conclusiones: La preferencia de la técnica de manejo de conducta no está asociada a los estilos de crianza. Sin embargo, la prevalencia de las técnicas comunicativas permite concluir que deben realizarse más estudios en torno a esta. / Tesis

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T12:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 joabatistasalomao_dissert.pdf: 485965 bytes, checksum: a1e9ad096dff68d92c37d5033056c5f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001-06-12 / Objective Evaluate, social competence and behavior disorders in children with moderate to severe asthma according to parental perception. Casuistics: Sixty-two patients were studied, 36 male and 26 female, ages ranging from 7 to 16 years (MA: 10.94; SD: 2.28), with clinical diagnosis of moderate to severe asthma, without comorbidity, seen at the Pediatric Pneumology Service and the Allergy and Immunology Service at a University Hospital, from March to September, 2000. A control group was simultaneously studied and included 62 patients, 37 male and 25 female, ages ranging from 7 to 16 years (MA: 10.26; SD: 2.37), seen at the Orthopedics and Ophthalmology Outpatient Wards at the same hospital, without symptoms of asthma, respiratory allergy and no chronic diseases. Material and method An Identification Form, a Clinical Data Form and the CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist), a tool to evaluate social competence and behavior disorders, were used. Results Results were evaluated by the proportional tests, Student s t test and ANADEP and ANADEPMU and a significance level of 0.05 was chosen. Patients were classified according to the clinical manifestations of asthma: 42 had moderate asthma and 20 had severe asthma, most of them (93.55%) had been diagnosed since 3 years of age. There was no significant difference in age and gender between the group with asthma and the control group. There was a marked association between overall social competence and asthma (with p=0.000) and between social competence associated to activities (with p=0.001) and school (with p=0.01). There was no difference between children with asthma and the control group for social markers (with p=0.23). There was no correlation between gender and age when evaluating social competence, or overall social competence specific parameters: activities, school and social activities. The evaluation of social competence and type of asthma did not show a correlation. There was a strong association between the presence of behavior disorders and asthma (p=0.005), specially internalizing disorders (p=0.001). There was no association between the externalizing disorders and the disease. Behavior disorders were not associated to gender, age and type of asthma. Conclusions Children with asthma showed alterations in overall social competence and social competence related to activities and school, when compared to the control group. They also showed overall and internalizing disorders, which may be harmful to their development, their quality of life, compliance with the treatment and adequate management of the disease. The integration of biological, psychological and social factors is essential to establish adequate programs for the treatment of children with asthma and their families. / Objetivo - avaliar competência social e transtornos comportamentais em crianças com asma moderada e grave, a partir de percepção dos pais. Causística: foram estudados 62 pacientes, 36 do sexo masculino e 26 do sexo feminino, com idade entre 7 e 16 anos (im:10,94; dp:2,28), com diagnóstico clínico de asma moderada e grave, sem comorbidade, atendidos nos serviços de pneumologia infantil e alergia e imunologia de um hospital escola, no perído de março e setembro de 2000. Um grupo de controle foi estudado no mesmo período, composto de 62 pacientes, 37 do sexo masculino e 25 do sexo feminino, com idade entre 7 e 16 anos (im: 10,26; dp: 2,37), atendidos nos ambulatório de ortopedia e oftalmologia do mesmo hospital, sem qualquer sintomatologia de asma, de alergia respiratória e sem qualquer doença crônica. Material e método - foram utilizados na obtenção dos dados uma ficha de identificação, uma ficha de dados clínicos e um instrumento que avalia competência social e transtornos comportamentais - child behavior checklist (cbcl). Resultados - os resultados foram analisados com testes proporção x (ao quadrado), teste t de student, anadep e anadepmu, adotando-se nível de significância de 0,05. Os pacientes foram classificadossegundo manifestações clínicas da asma: 42 com asma moderada e 20 com asma grave, sendo que 93,55% receberam o diagnóstico da doença antes dos 3 anos de idade. Não houve diferença significante em termos de idade e sexo entre os grupos com asma e controle. Houve associação entre competência social e global e asma (p=0,000) e entre competência social associada a atividades (p=0,001) e escola (p=0,01). Não houve diferença entre crianças com asma e o grupo controle em relação ao aspecto social (p=0,23). Não houve relação entre sexo e idade na análise da competência social, nem quanto à competência social global nem quanto aos aspectos específicos: atividades, escola e social. A análise entre competência social e tipo de asma também não mostrou associação. Houve associação entre presença de transtornos comportamentais e asma (p=0,005), principalmente os transtornos internalizantes (p=0,001). Não houve associação dos externalizantes com a doença. Os transtornos comportamentais não se mostraram associados ao sexo, idade da amostra e tipo de asma. Conclusões - as crianças com asma apresentaram alterações na competência social e global e competência social relacionada a atividades e escola, quando comparadas ao grupo controle. Apresentaram ainda transtornos globais e internalizantes, que podem prejudicar o seu desenvolvimento, sua qualidade de vida, a adesão ao tratamento e o manejo adequado da doença. A integração dos aspectos biológicos, psicológicos e sociais é imprescindível para o delineamento de programas adequados de atendimento à criança portadora de asma e a seus familiares.