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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Heurística de regulação combinatória na reconstrução de redes de genes

Fernandes da Rocha Vicente, Fábio January 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:59:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo5182_1.pdf: 7099391 bytes, checksum: 9ae548e6659db775935f03eac2fa2f35 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Um dos principais objetivos da biologia molecular é descobrir o funcionamento de redes complexas de interação entre elementos celulares. Nas últimas décadas um grande volume de dados biológicos vem sendo produzido assim como modelos computacionais que fazem uso destes dados. Os métodos computacionais para Reconstrução de Redes de Genes apresentam-se como uma ferramenta importante para auxiliar no estudo e entendimento desta complexidade. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta para Reconstrução de Redes de Genes que utiliza-se de diferentes fontes de dados e incorpora conhecimento biológico com o objetivo de melhorar a qualidade da inferência. Comparou-se a abordagem proposta com um trabalho anterior. Foram realizados experimentos com dados artificiais e dados reais de S. cerevisiae. O modelo proposto apresentou melhores resultados que o anterior em todos os critérios de avaliação para experimentos com dados artificiais. Na avaliação com dados reais a nova abordagem apresentou uma pequena melhora em apenas uma das configurações testadas
2

Influenza virus hemagglutinin contains a cholesterol consensus motif required for efficient intracellular transport and lipid raft integration

Vries, Maren de 30 November 2015 (has links)
Das Hämagglutinin (HA) der Influenzaviren wird während der Assemblierung in Cholesterin- und Sphingolipid-reiche Domänen (Rafts) der Plasmamembran rekrutiert. Vorangehende Studien konnten mittels Fluoreszenzresonanzenergietransfer eine Raft-Integration nachweisen, die von zwei Raft-Zielsignalen abhängig war; zum einen von drei S-acylierten Cysteinen in der zytoplasmatischen Domäne und zum anderen von hydrophoben Aminosäuren (VIL) am Beginn der Transmembrandomäne (TMD). Zudem zeigte sich ein möglicher Einfluss des VIL-Motives auf den intrazellulären Proteintransport. Um diese Annahme zu bestätigen, wurden HA Mutanten in Zellen exprimiert und ihre Ankunft im medialen und trans-Golgi verfolgt. In dieser Arbeit konnte eine Beteiligung des VIL-Motives am Transport bestätigt werden, jedoch nicht der S-Acylierungen. Zudem wurde eine generelle Abhängigkeit des Transportes von der Sphingolipidsynthese beobachtet. Da sowohl die Cholesterinsynthese als auch die Sphingolipidsynthese für den Transport von HA benötigt werden, habe ich die Hypothese aufgestellt, dass das VIL-Motiv in der Lage sein könnte, mit Raft Lipiden zu interagieren. Ein Sequenzvergleich ergab, dass kein Sphingolipid-Bindemotiv vorhanden ist, jedoch ein potenzielles Cholesterin-Consensus-Motiv (CCM, W/Y-I/V/L-K/R). Dieses Motiv wurde nur in der Sequenz von Gruppe 1 jedoch nicht Gruppe 2 HAs gefunden und umfasst das Leucin des VIL Motives. Tatsächlich ist die Mutation des Leucins aber nicht des vorangehenden Isoleucins für den verzögerten Transport verantwortlich. Untersuchungen weiter Einzel- und Mehrfachmutanten konnten eine Abhängigkeit des intrazellulären Transportes von einer möglichen Cholesterinbindung verifizieren. Zudem konnte auch ein zunehmender Effekt auf die Kinetiken vom medialen Golgi zum TGN beobachtet werden, welcher auch die Oberflächenexpression negativ beeinflusste. FLIM-FRET Analysen zeigten zusätzlich eine reduzierte Raft Assoziation der CCMMutanten mit Rafts an der Plasmamembran. Daher kann man spekulieren, dass HA mit Cholesterin interagiert, wodurch sein intrazellulärer Transport durch den Golgi und die Assoziation mit Rafts gewährleistet wird. / During assembly the hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza viruses is recruited to cholesterol- and sphingolipid rich domains of the plasma membrane (lipid rafts). Preceding studies using fluorescence resonance energy transfer showed that lipid-raft integration is dependent on two raft-targeting signals, three S-acylated cysteines located in the cytoplasmic tail and hydrophobic amino acids (VIL) in the part of the transmembrane region (TMR). Furthermore, they gave rise to the assumption that at least the VIL motif might also be important for the intracellular transport of the protein along the exocytic pathway. To verify this assumption, HA mutants were transiently expressed in cells and their arrival in the medial and trans-Golgi compartment was quantified. The observation regarding the involvement of the VIL motif, but not the S-acylation, was verified and a general dependency of HA´s transport on sphingolipid synthesis was detected. Since both cholesterol and sphingolipid synthesis are needed for the transport of HA, I hypothesized that the VIL motif might be able to interact with raft lipids. Sequence alignment revealed no sphingolipid-binding motif, but a putative cholesterol consensus motif (CCM, W/Y-I/V/L-K/R). This CCM is found only in the sequence of group 1 but not group 2 HAs and includes the leucine of the VIL motif. Indeed, mutation of the leucine, but not of the preceding isoleucine is responsible for the delayed transport. Investigation of further single and multiple mutations in the CCM verified a dependency of HA´s intracellular transport on the putative cholesterol-binding motif. Additionally the effect on the kinetics increased from the medial Golgi to the TGN also negatively effecting surface expression. Analysis by FLIM-FRET furthermore displayed a reduced association of HA with mutations in the CCM with lipid rafts at the plasma membrane. Therefore, it is speculated that HA associates with cholesterol, an interaction that facilitates its intracellular transport through the Golgi and association with lipid rafts at the plasma membrane.

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