La thèse concerne le rôle joué par le contexte dans l'accès au Web de données depuis les dispositifs mobiles. Le travail analyse ce problème de deux points de vue distincts: adapter au contexte la présentation de triplets, et protéger l'accès aux bases des données RDF depuis les dispositifs mobiles. La première contribution est PRISSMA, un moteur de rendu RDF qui étend Fresnel avec la sélection de la meilleure représentation pour le contexte physique où on se trouve. Cette opération est effectuée par un algorithme de recherche de sous-graphes tolérant aux erreurs basé sur la notion de distance d'édition sur les graphes. L'algorithme considère les différences entre les descriptions de contexte et le contexte détecté par les capteurs, supporte des dimensions de contexte hétérogènes et est exécuté sur le client pour ne pas révéler des informations privées. La deuxième contribution concerne le système de contrôle d'accès Shi3ld. Shi3ld supporte tous les triple stores et il ne nécessite pas de les modifier. Il utilise exclusivement les langages du Web sémantique, et il n'ajoute pas des nouveaux langages de définition de règles d'accès, y compris des analyseurs syntaxiques et des procédures de validation. Shi3ld offre une protection jusqu'au niveau des triplets. La thèse décrit les modèles, algorithmes et prototypes de PRISSMA et de Shi3ld. Des expériences montrent la validité des résultats de PRISSMA ainsi que les performances au niveau de mémoire et de temps de réponse. Le module de contrôle d'accès Shi3ld a été testé avec différents triple stores, avec et sans moteur SPARQL. Les résultats montrent l'impact sur le temps de réponse et démontrent la faisabilité de l'approche. / This thesis discusses the influence of mobile context awareness in accessing the Web of Data from handheld devices. The work dissects this issue into two research questions: how to enable context-aware adaptation for Linked Data consumption, and how to protect access to RDF stores from context-aware devices. The thesis contribution to this first research question is PRISSMA, an RDF rendering engine that extends Fresnel with a context-aware selecting of the best presentation according to mobile context. This operation is performed by an error-tolerant subgraph matching algorithm based on the notion of graph edit distance. The algorithm takes into account the discrepancies between context descriptions and the sensed context, supports heterogeneous context dimensions, and runs on the client-side - to avoid disclosing sensitive context information. The second research activity presented in the thesis is the Shi3ld access control framework for Linked Data servers. Shi3ld has the advantage of being a pluggable filter for generic triple stores, with no need to modify the endpoint itself. It adopts exclusively Semantic Web languages and it does not add new policy definition languages, parsers nor validation procedures. Shi3ld provides protection up to triple level. The thesis describes both PRISSMA and Shi3ld prototypes. Test campaigns show the validity of PRISSMA results, along with memory and response time performance. The Shi3ld access control module has been tested on different triple stores, with and without SPARQL engines. Results show the impact on response time, and demonstrate the feasibility of the approach.

L'Assistance Ambiante est un domaine de recherche prometteur qui vise à utiliser les technologies de l'information pour venir en aide aux personnes dépendantes durant leur vie quotidienne. L'impact de ces recherches pourrait être déterminant pour de nombreux séniors ainsi que pour leurs proches. Cette discipline s'est développée régulièrement au cours des dernières années, mais tout de même plus lentement que la plupart des autres applications de l'internet des objets. Cela est dû à la complexité inhérente à l'Assistance Ambiante, qui nécessite une compréhension dynamique du contexte, ainsi que la mise en place de nombreux média de communication dans le lieu de vie de l'utilisateur. Plus précisément, les chercheurs rencontrent des difficultés avec l'étape déterminante de la reconnaissance d'activité, comme nous le montre la littérature.Mon équipe de recherche a déployé notre système dans plusieurs environnements, le plus récent consistant en une maison de retraite et trois maisons individuelles en France.Nous adoptons une approche centrée sur l'utilisateur, où l'utilisateur final définit ce qu'il attend, et nous fournit des réactions et conseils sur notre système.De cette manière, nous pouvons apprendre de nos déploiements, et obtenir des informations pour répondre aux défis de l'Assistance Ambiante, y compris la reconnaissance d'activité.Ainsi, la ligne directrice de cette thèse émerge des défis que nous avons rencontré durant nos déploiements.Au commencement de cette thèse, j'ai été confronté à la problématique concrète d'un déploiement réel de notre système.Je relate donc les besoins que nous avons vu émerger, par nos propres observations et par les retours des utilisateurs, ainsi que les problèmes techniques que nous avons rencontrés.Pour chacun de ces problèmes et besoins, je décris la solution que nous avons retenu et implémenté.Une fois le système installé, mon équipe et moi-même avons pu récolter de nombreuses données sur son fonctionnement.J'ai tout d'abord mis en place une plate-forme d'analyse de données en Assistance Ambiante, permettant un prototypage rapide lié à la reconnaissance d'activité.En tirant profit de cette plate-forme, j'ai observé le problème posé par la reconnaissance d'activité, qui est une étape critique, mais trop souvent inexacte dans ses conclusions.Pour faire face aux erreurs dans le raisonnement, je formalise la notion d'exactitude pour la reconnaissance d'activité, et fournit une méthode pour mesurer l'exactitude de notre moteur de raisonnement.Cela requiert d'abord d'observer une vérité terrain sur l'activité en cours, ou à défaut une estimation sur cette activité, d'une source autre que le raisonneur lui-même.Je cherche ensuite à améliorer la qualité de notre moteur de raisonnement.Pour y parvenir, je m'attache à regarder plus précisément certains raisonnements incorrects.J'y observe que les erreurs de raisonnement viennent parfois du fait que le raisonneur essaie d'être trop précis, ou qu'à l'inverse, il est parfois trop imprécis dans les activités qu'il infère.Je propose donc une méthode pour optimiser le moteur de raisonnement, de telle manière à ce qu'il conclue de la meilleure façon possible parmi plusieurs activités suspectées, en choisissant l'activité qui offre le meilleur compromis entre sa Précision et le risque d'Inexactitude de la part du moteur de raisonnement.Cette contribution me mène à introduire une hiérarchie entre les activités.En effet, en appliquant la méthode précédente sur un modèle hiérarchique d'activités, le raisonneur est calibré automatiquement, pour choisir à quel niveau de précision il pourra reconnaître une activité.Il va de soi que ces travaux sont validés formellement au sein de cette dissertation. / Ambient Assisted Living is a promising research area.It aims to use information technologies to assist dependent elderly people on their daily life.The impact of these technologies could be dramatic for millions of elderly people and for their caregivers.This research area has developed consistently over the past few years, although slower than most other applications of the Internet of Things.This is caused by the inner complexity of Ambient Assisted Living.Indeed, Ambient Assisted Living requires a dynamic understanding of the context, as well as the disposal of numerous communication media in the environment surrounding the end-user.More precisely, researchers face difficulties in recognizing end-users' activities, as we can observe in the literature.My research team have deployed our system in several environments, of which the most recent includes a nursing home and three houses in France.We adopt a user-centric approach, where end-users describe what they expect, and share with us their feedbacks and advices about our system.This approach guided me to identify activity recognition as a critical challenge that needs to be addressed for the usability and acceptability of Ambient Assisted Living solutions.Thus, the guiding line of this thesis work emerges naturally from the challenges we encountered during our deployments.In the beginning of this thesis, I have been facing the practical problem of putting into place an actual deployment of our system.In this document, I describe the needs that emerged from our own observations and from the users feedbacks, as well from as the technical problems we encountered.For each of these problems and needs, I describe the solution we have selected and implemented.From our deployments, my team and I were able to collect a large amount of operating data.I have created a platform to analyze Ambient Assisted Living data, also to allow rapid prototyping for activity recognition.By using this platform, I have observed problems with activity recognition, which is too often misleading and inaccurate.A first observation is that the sensor events are sometimes disturbed by multiuser situations, when several persons are active in the home.Activity recognition in these conditions is extremely difficult, and during this thesis my scope is solely focused on detecting multiuser situations, not recognizing activities in such situations.I then seek to improve the quality of our reasoning engine.To do so, I have looked more precisely at some incorrect reasoning.I observed that the errors in reasoning come from the fact that the reasoner tries to be too precise or that, conversely, it infers too imprecise activities.I therefore propose a method to optimize the reasoning engine, so that it concludes with the best possible activity among several possible activities, by choosing the one that offers the best compromise between Precision and the risk of Inaccuracy in activity recognition.It should be noted that this contribution is independent of the method used for activity recognition, and can work with any type of reasoning.I have formalized the concept of Accuracy, and provided a method to measure the Accuracy of a reasoning engine.This requires first to observe a ground-truth on the activity being performed.This contribution brought me to introduce a hierarchical model for activities.Indeed, by applying the method described above on a hierarchical model of activities, the reasoning engine can be calibrated automatically to choose how precise it should be at recognizing an activity.It goes without saying that these contributions are formally validated through this dissertation.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-05-29T13:06:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucas Closs_.pdf: 1614709 bytes, checksum: f513dd4879d78d758e585d56586b19bc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-29T13:06:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucas Closs_.pdf: 1614709 bytes, checksum: f513dd4879d78d758e585d56586b19bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Os constantes avanços na computação móvel e ubíqua possibilitam novos desenvolvimentos e novos recursos em diversas áreas, dentre estas, destaca-se a área da saúde. A partir destas novas possibilidades, surge então o conceito de Cuidados Ubíquos, onde são aplicados estes novos recursos com o intuito de prover melhores condições para médicos e equipes médicas no tratamento de pacientes. Utilizando então como referência o conceito de cuidados ubíquos, o presente trabalho apresenta uma nova abordagem para o monitoramento de pacientes através do uso da ciência de situação, apoiada pelo uso da Lógica Difusa, das Redes Neurais Artificiais e das Séries Temporais de Dados, dispondo com também com os dados dos pacientes coletados através dos dispositivos móveis e dos vestíveis. O modelo SAC – Situation-Aware Care objetiva então a aplicação das três fases da ciência de situação – percepção, compreensão e projeção – utilizando os dados coletados como entradas para as inferências. Visando prover uma solução que auxilie médicos e equipes médicas em diagnósticos – e em prognósticos – mais assertivos, através do monitoramento e da disponibilização de registros e de informações mais apuradas quanto ao estado de saúde dos pacientes. Para a avaliação do modelo, foram então desenvolvidos protótipos referentes aos Serviços SAC e a aplicação SAC4Mobile. O modelo SAC teve a sua avaliação em relação ao seu desempenho dos serviços e também através de caso de uso estendido, aferindo sobre a usabilidade. Avaliações por desempenho apresentaram bons indicadores de tempos de respostas e de recursos computacionais, onde que tempo médio mais elevado para o retorno de todas as requisições, 100 requisições simultâneas, foi de 5,5 segundos e o consumo de recursos computacionais não ultrapassou 18%. Assim como a avaliação sobre usabilidade teve resultados positivos, enaltecendo a relevância da proposta do modelo SAC. / The constant advances in mobile and ubiquitous computing enable new developments and new features in different areas, among thesethe health area stands out. From these new possibilities comes the concept of Ubiquitous Care, where these new resources are applied in order to provide better conditions for doctors and medical staff in the treatment of patients. Using the concept of ubiquitous care as a reference, the present work presents a new approach for monitoring patients through the use of Situation Awareness, supported by the use of Fuzzy Logic, Artificial Neural Networks and Time Series, also with patient data collected through mobile devices and wearable devices. The SAC - Situation-Aware Care model aims to apply the three phases of situation awareness - perception, comprehension and projection - using the data collected as inputs to the inferences. Aiming to provide a solution that assists physicians and medical teams in diagnostics - and prognoses - more assertive, through the monitoring and availability of records and more accurate information regarding the patient's health status.For the evaluation of the model, prototypes were developed for the SAC Services and the SAC4Mobile application. The SAC model had its evaluation in relation to its service performance and also through an extended use case, assessing the usability. Performance evaluations presented good indicators of response times and computational resources, where the highest time for the return of all the requests, 100 simultaneous requests, was 5.5 seconds and the consumption of computational resources did not exceed 18%. As well as the assessment of usability had positive results highlighting the relevance of the SAC model proposal.

<p>This thesis presents a set of concepts and a general design approach for designing Mixed Reality environments based on the idea that the physical (real) world and the virtual (digital) world are equally important and share many properties. Focus is on the design of a technology infrastructure intended to relieve people from some of the extra efforts currently needed when performing activities that make heavy use of both worlds. An important part of the proposed infrastructure is the idea of creating Physical-Virtual Artefacts, objects manifested in the physical and the virtual world at the same time.</p><p>The presented work challenges the common view of Human-Computer Interaction as a research discipline mainly dealing with the design of “user interfaces” by proposing an alternative or complementary view, a physical-virtual design perspective, abstracting away the user interface, leaving only physical and virtual objects. There are at least three motives for adopting such a design perspective: 1) people well acquainted with specific (physical and virtual) environments are typically more concerned with the manipulation of (physical and virtual) objects than the user interface through which they are accessed. 2) Such a design stance facilitates the conceptualisation of objects that bridge the gap between the physical and the virtual world. 3) Many physical and virtual objects are manifested in both worlds already today. The existing conceptual link between these physical and virtual objects has only to be complemented with causal relations in order to reduce the costs in crossing the border between the physical and the virtual world.</p><p>A range of concepts are defined and discussed at length in order to frame the design space, including<i> physical-virtual environment gap, physical-virtual activity, physical-virtual artefact, </i>and<i> physical-virtual environment</i>.</p><p>Two conceptual models of physical-virtual space are presented as a result of adopting the physical-virtual design perspective: for the analysis of object logistics in the context of physical-virtual activities, and for describing structural properties of physical-virtual space respectively. A prototype system offering some degree of physical-virtual infrastructure is also presented.</p>

This thesis presents a set of concepts and a general design approach for designing Mixed Reality environments based on the idea that the physical (real) world and the virtual (digital) world are equally important and share many properties. Focus is on the design of a technology infrastructure intended to relieve people from some of the extra efforts currently needed when performing activities that make heavy use of both worlds. An important part of the proposed infrastructure is the idea of creating Physical-Virtual Artefacts, objects manifested in the physical and the virtual world at the same time. The presented work challenges the common view of Human-Computer Interaction as a research discipline mainly dealing with the design of “user interfaces” by proposing an alternative or complementary view, a physical-virtual design perspective, abstracting away the user interface, leaving only physical and virtual objects. There are at least three motives for adopting such a design perspective: 1) people well acquainted with specific (physical and virtual) environments are typically more concerned with the manipulation of (physical and virtual) objects than the user interface through which they are accessed. 2) Such a design stance facilitates the conceptualisation of objects that bridge the gap between the physical and the virtual world. 3) Many physical and virtual objects are manifested in both worlds already today. The existing conceptual link between these physical and virtual objects has only to be complemented with causal relations in order to reduce the costs in crossing the border between the physical and the virtual world. A range of concepts are defined and discussed at length in order to frame the design space, including physical-virtual environment gap, physical-virtual activity, physical-virtual artefact, and physical-virtual environment. Two conceptual models of physical-virtual space are presented as a result of adopting the physical-virtual design perspective: for the analysis of object logistics in the context of physical-virtual activities, and for describing structural properties of physical-virtual space respectively. A prototype system offering some degree of physical-virtual infrastructure is also presented.

(<特集>学習オブジェクト・学習データの活用と集約) (<Special Issue> Application and Aggregation of Learning Objects and Learning Data)

Im Rahmen der Dissertation wurde ein Middlewaredienst entwickelt und realisiert. Es gestattet die dynamische Verwaltung heterogener Kontextquellen. Das zugrunde liegende Komponentenmodell selbstbeschreibender Context Provieder ermöglicht die lose Kopplung von Kontextquellen und -senken. Es wird durch Filter- und Konverterkomponenten zur generischen Providersselektion anhand domänenspezifischer Merkmale ergänzt. Die Kopplung der verteilten Dienstinstanzen erfolgt durch ein hybrides Peer-to-Peer-System. Dies trägt der Heterogenität der Endgeräte Rechnung, und erlaubt die skalierbare , verteilte Verwaltung von Kontextquellen in globalen Szenarien.

This thesis explores the field of context-aware information systems (CAIS). We present an approach called Compose, Learn, and Discover (CLD) to incorporate CAIS into the user daily workflow. The CLD approach is self-adjusting. It enables users to personalise the information views for different situations. The CAIS learns about the usage of the information views and recalls the right view in the right situation. We illustrate the CLD approach through an application in the health care field using the Clinical Document Architecture (CDA). In order to realise the CLD approach, we introduce Semantic Composition as a new paradigm to personalise information views. Semantic Composition leverages the type information in the domain model to simplify the user-interface composition process. We also introduce a pattern discovery mechanism that leverages data-mining algorithms to discover correlations between user information needs and different situations.

Σήμερα, βρισκόμαστε ήδη στο στάδιο μετάβασης από τις παραδοσιακές επιτραπέζιες υπολογιστικές τεχνολογίες στα διάχυτα (ubiquitous) υπολογιστικά περιβάλλοντα που θα μας υποστηρίζουν σχεδόν σε κάθε καθημερινή μας λειτουργία ή δραστηριότητα. Παράλληλα, υπάρχει μία αυξανόμενη τάση για τοποθέτηση του χρήστη στο κέντρο των υπηρεσιών. Αυτό σημαίνει ότι οι υπηρεσίες θα προσαρμόζονται με βάση το στενό και ευρύτερο περιβάλλον διαβίωσης (context), τις ανάγκες και τις προτιμήσεις των χρηστών. Δύο από τις βασικότερες έννοιες στις οποίες βασίζεται η προσφορά διάχυτων εξατομικευμένων υπηρεσιών είναι η γνώση πλαισίου (context awareness) και η μοντελοποίηση χρηστών (user modeling). Η έλευση του διάχυτου υπολογισμού και η χρησιμοποίηση της διάχυτης μοντελοποίησης χρηστών (ubiquitous user modeling) έχει δημιουργήσει νέες προσδοκίες και προκλήσεις για την παροχή εξατομικευμένων υπηρεσιών σε πολλούς τομείς εφαρμογών μεταξύ των οποίων είναι και ο τομέας της υγείας. Η ιατρική αντιμετώπιση αλλάζει πλέον κατεύθυνση και γίνεται προστατευτική, προληπτική και εύκολα προσεγγίσιμη (π.χ. στη δουλειά, στο σπίτι, κλπ.), συνοδευόμενη από συνεχή και εμμένουσα παροχή υψηλής ποιότητας εξατομικευμένης ιατρικής συμβουλής και υποστήριξης. Οι σύγχρονες ιατρικές υπηρεσίες αναμένονται να είναι διαθέσιμες κάθε στιγμή, 7 ημέρες την εβδομάδα και να παρέχονται με έναν εξατομικευμένο τρόπο ώστε να απευθύνονται στις ιδιαίτερες ανάγκες και απαιτήσεις κάθε ατόμου. Η παρούσα διατριβή πραγματεύεται μία μεθοδολογία παροχής διάχυτων υπηρεσιών σε εξελιγμένα τηλεπικοινωνιακά δίκτυα που συνδυάζει τη γνώση πλαισίου, τη μοντελοποίηση χρηστών και τα κοινωνικά δίκτυα (social networks). Η μεθοδολογία αυτή εφαρμόστηκε στον ιατρικό χώρο και ειδικότερα στις διαταραχές άγχους. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, στη διατριβή καθορίστηκαν πλήρως οι παράμετροι πλαισίου που σχετίζονται άμεσα με τις διαταραχές άγχους και προτάθηκε ένα μοντέλο πλαισίου που βασίζεται σε οντολογίες. Επίσης, μελετήθηκε η δομή και οι τεχνικές κατασκευής και ανανέωσης των μοντέλων χρηστών, ενώ μελετήθηκε η χρήση των κοινωνικών δικτύων για την παροχή ιατρικής φροντίδας και οι ρόλοι των μελών τους στις διαταραχές άγχους. Τέλος, προτάθηκε η αρχιτεκτονική ενός συστήματος γνώσης πλαισίου που ενσωματώνει τις ανωτέρω τεχνολογίες, τμήμα του οποίου αναπτύχθηκε, υλοποιήθηκε και αξιολογήθηκε από επαγγελματίες ιατρούς. Κατά την εφαρμογή της παραπάνω μεθοδολογίας στις διαταραχές άγχους αναπτύχθηκε η εφαρμογή PerMed που αποτελεί ένα εργαλείο αρχειοθέτησης και επεξεργασίας των προσωπικών πληροφοριών των ασθενών και τέσσερις υπηρεσίες που στοχεύουν στην υποστήριξη της θεραπείας των διαταραχών άγχους. Οι τρεις εστιάζουν στην ανακάλυψη πιθανών συσχετίσεων στα δεδομένα πλαισίου, ενώ η τέταρτη στοχεύει στην πρόβλεψη του άγχους που θα παρουσιάσει ένας ασθενής σε ένα δεδομένο πλαίσιο. Τα σχόλια που λάβαμε από επαγγελματίες ψυχιάτρους είναι αρκετά ενθαρρυντικά και ευελπιστούμε ότι η προτεινόμενη προσέγγιση θα αποτελέσει ένα ισχυρό εργαλείο υποστήριξης της θεραπείας των διαταραχών άγχους. / Today, we are already on the transition from the traditional desktop-based computing technologies towards ubiquitous computing environments that will enfold us in almost all our daily situations and activities. Simultaneously, there exists an increased tendency of putting the user into the center of service delivery. This means that the services in the ubiquitous environments should be adapted to the context, the needs and the preferences of users. Two of the key-concepts, based on which the delivery of ubiquitous personalized services is realized, are context-awareness and user modeling. The emergence of ubiquitous computing and ubiquitous user modeling has created new expectations and challenges for the delivery of personalized services in a considerable amount of application domains, among which is the healthcare domain. Healthcare provision changes direction becoming protective, proactive and more reachable (e.g. at home or at work), accompanied by continuous and persistent provision of personalized high-quality health advice and assistance. Modern healthcare services are expected to be available around the clock, seven days a week and delivered in a personalized manner addressing the specific needs and preferences of each individual. The present dissertation presents a methodology of providing ubiquitous services at advanced telecommunication networks, which combines context-awareness, user modeling and social networks. This methodology was implemented in the healthcare domain and more specifically in anxiety disorders. In particular, in this dissertation, the contextual aspects that are directly associated with anxiety disorders were defined and an ontology-based context model was proposed. In addition, the user models’ structure was determined and the techniques for the processing of their content were developed. Furthermore, the use of social networks in anxiety disorders and the role of their members were studied. Finally, the architecture of a context-aware system that integrates all the above technologies was proposed, a part of which was developed, implemented and evaluated by professional psychiatrists. During the implementation of the proposed methodology in anxiety disorders, the PerMed application that provides medical experts with a tool for archiving and processing the patient’s personal data and four treatment supportive services were developed. The three of them focus on the discovery of possible associations between the patient’s contextual data and the last service aims at predicting the stress level a patient might suffer from, in a given context. The feedback received from expertized psychiatrists was very encouraging and we hope that the proposed approach will constitute a powerful treatment supportive tool for anxiety disorders.

De nos jours, les appareils mobiles hébergent de nombreuses applications directement téléchargées et installées à partir d'un "Store" d'applications mobiles. L'existence d'une telle quantité d'applications pour une multitude d'objectifs impose une énorme surcharge sur les utilisateurs, qui doivent sélectionner, installer, supprimer et exécuter les applications appropriées.En outre, ces applications ont négligé la prise en compte du contexte de l'utilisateur. Elles proposent des scénarios d'utilisation statiques et non évolutifs. Ces applications servent à des fins spécifiques et sont supprimées ou oubliées, la plupart du temps, après la première utilisation. De plus, ces applications ne tiennent pas compte du monde des objets connectés en raison de leur architecture monolithique mise en œuvre pour fonctionner sur des appareils individuels. La solution proposée et intitulée "Long Life Application" offre une nouvelle façon de répondre aux besoins de l'utilisateur de façon dynamique et distribuée. Elle propose une évolution continue des applications (encours d'exécution) en ajoutant, supprimant, et déplaçant des fonctionnalités sur les appareils utilisés par l’utilisateur. Elle permet, aussi, de modifier le mode d'interaction en distribuant les exécutions sur plusieurs appareils en fonction des besoins de l'utilisateur. Pendant que l’utilisateur se déplace dans son environnement, l'application détecte des événements environnementaux et construit des situations contextuellement décrites. Ainsi, ce travail vise à offrir un nouveau type d'applications mobiles capables de détecter, de formuler et de comprendre le contexte des utilisateurs puis de réagir en conséquence. / Nowadays, mobile devices host many applications that are directly downloaded and installed from mobile application stores. The existence of such a large amount of apps for a myriad of purposes imposes a huge overhead on users, who are in charge of selecting, installing, and executing the appropriate apps, as well as deleting them when no longer needed. Moreover, these applications have mostly neglected to take into account the user’s context, as they propose static non-evolving scenarios. These applications serve for specific purposes and get deleted or forgotten most of the time after the first use. Furthermore, these apps fail to consider the, soon coming, connected world due to their monolithic architecture implemented to work on single devices. The proposed long-life application provides a new way to respond to the user’s needs dynamically and distributedly. It evolves at runtime by including/excluding business functionalities, updating the interaction mode, and migrating executions on multiple devices according to the user’s preferences. While he/she moves in his/her surroundings, the app detects the occurring events and builds contextually-described situations. So, this work aims to offer a new type of mobile application able to detect, formulate and understand the users’ context then react accordingly.