Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2005. / Advisor: Dr. Jodee Dorsey, Florida State University, College of Human Sciences, Dept. of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed June 7, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 134 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1969. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Bowling Green State University, 2010. / Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 116 p. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 22, 2007). Directed by Sandra Shultz; submitted to the School of Health and Human Performance. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-84).

Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 49-52).

Abstract The polycystic ovary syndrome, described first as the association of bilateral polycystic ovaries and amenorrhoea, oligomenorrhoea, hirsutism and obesity, was later shown to be a complex metabolic syndrome. The first purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of hyperinsulinaemia and the severity of insulin resistance and glucose tolerance disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome by means of the oral glucose tolerance test and the euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp. The next goal was to investigate whether women with polycystic ovary syndrome would benefit from insulin-sensitising drugs, and in particular to compare the effects of metformin and a contraceptive pill containing ethinyl oestradiol and cyproterone acetate. Altogether, 81 women with polycystic ovary syndrome and 34 healthy control subjects were involved in the study. Marked impairment of insulin sensitivity in obese subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome, including a decrease of both cellular oxidative and non-oxidative utilisation of glucose, and a slight non-significant decrease of insulin sensitivity in non-obese subjects was observed. Both non-obese and obese subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome exhibited increased abdominal obesity compared with the controls, confirming the fact that obesity, in particular abdominal obesity, is an important contributor in the development of insulin resistance in this syndrome. Metformin alleviated hyperandrogenism by essentially decreasing ovarian, but not adrenal androgen secretion. The improvement of hyperandrogenism and ovarian function seemed to be mediated by the improvement of hyperinsulinaemia, which resulted itself from subtle improvements in both hepatic insulin extraction and insulin sensitivity. Metformin decreased abdominal obesity and the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue, and improved ovarian cyclicity and fertility. The transient decrease in serum leptin levels observed may have some role in the improvement of ovarian function. The contraceptive pill significantly improved hyperandrogenism and hirsutism, and it slightly affected glucose metabolism. Thus, it could be the treatment of choice in women with hirsutism problems and no fertility hopes. Metformin could be the drug of choice for women with polycystic ovary syndrome who wish to conceive. Because of its beneficial metabolic effects, the value of metformin in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in polycystic ovary syndrome needs to be further studied.

Orientador: Luis Guillermo Bahamondes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T12:55:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferreira_JessicaMayra_M.pdf: 1683051 bytes, checksum: d85c69881bfcbb72838041d2f09bb2c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Objetivos: conhecer as razões referidas pelas mulheres que trocaram seus métodos anticonceptivos (MAC) para um método contraceptivo reversível de longa duração (Long Acting Reversible Contraceptives ¿ LARC) e avaliar sua satisfação através da taxa de continuação. Métodos: Mulheres entre 18 e 50 anos de idade usando diferentes MACs que desejavam mudar para um LARC responderam a um questionário abrangendo suas motivações para trocarem seus atuais métodos. O tamanho amostral foi calculado em 1.040 mulheres. O desempenho clínico e a taxa de continuação foram avaliados por tabela de vida até um ano após o início do uso do LARC. A data limite para análise foi 23 de maio de 2013. Resultados: Do total de 1.167 entrevistadas, foram avaliados os dados de 1154 mulheres. A principal razão pessoal para a troca de contraceptivos foi o medo de engravidar enquanto que as principais razões médicas foram náusea e vômito e anormalidades no fluxo menstrual. Nenhuma gravidez ocorreu durante o uso dos LARCs e as principais causas para descontinuação foram expulsão do DIU ou SIU-LNG e a decisão de realizar esterilização entre as usuárias de implante. A taxa de continuação foi aproximadamente 95,0/100 mulheres/ano para os três métodos. Conclusões: A maioria das mulheres escolheu um LARC por ser mais prático e mais seguro e, após um ano, grande parte das mulheres continuou utilizando o método escolhido / Abstract: Objectives: To assess the main reasons for switching from methods requiring daily or monthly compliance to a Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive (LARC) method within a Brazilian cohort and to evaluate their satisfaction. Methods: Women of 18-50 years of age in use of different contraceptives and wishing to switch to a LARC method answered a questionnaire regarding their motivations for switching from their current contraceptive. Continuation rates were evaluated one year after method initiation. Sample size was calculated at 1,040 women. Clinical performance was evaluated by life table analysis. The cut-off date for analysis was May 23, 2013. Results: Overall, 1,167 women were interviewed; however, after one year of use, the medical records of 1,154 women were available for review. The main personal reason for switching, as reported by women, was "fear of becoming pregnant" while the medical reasons were nausea and vomiting and unscheduled bleeding. No pregnancies occurred during LARC use and the main reasons for discontinuation were expulsion (in the case of the IUD and LNG-IUS), and a decision to undergo surgical sterilization (in the case of the etonogestrel-releasing implant). Continuation rate was approximately 95.0/100 women/year for the three methods. Conclusions: Most women chose a LARC method for its safety and for practical reasons, and after one year of use most women continued with the method / Mestrado / Fisiopatologia Ginecológica / Mestra em Ciências da Saúde

No description available.

Introduction/Background Unplanned pregnancies among students at higher educational institutions are a major concern worldwide, including South Africa. Apart from various social and psychological problems, unplanned pregnancies affect students’ objectives of achieving academic success. Research indicated that around 80 per cent of female students are sexually active. Higher educational students between the ages of 18 and 24 have one of the highest rates of unplanned pregnancies due to the lack of contraceptive use, knowledge and awareness regarding the use of contraceptives. Purpose of the study The purpose of the study was to assess the use of contraceptives by female undergraduate students in a higher educational institution. Methodology In terms of methodology, a cross-sectional, descriptive quantitative survey was used.The survey included 400 female undergraduate students at a higher educational institution who were required to respond to a self-administrative questionnaire. Categorical data, such as race, religion, ethnic group, place of residence and marital status were compared to each group using Chi square. Multiple logic regression analysis was applied to test the models. In addition, frequency tables, bar charts and pie charts were generated for all variables, which served as an input for descriptive statistics, based on frequencies and percentages. Research findings Of the 74 per cent sexually active females, 79 per cent reported using contraceptives. The most common used methods were the oral contraceptives, 38 per cent, and male condoms, 25 per cent. The most commonly known methods were condoms, 84 per cent, and the oral contraceptive, 68 per cent. The level of knowledge of the condom use to prevent sexually transmitted diseases was very high, 91 per cent. The knowledge of the benefits of contraceptives was also high, 97 per cent. There were some misconceptions, like contraceptives cause cancer and 75 per cent indicated weight gain as a side-effect of contraceptives. The level of knowledge of the emergency contraceptive was high, 90 per cent, but the awareness that it is free of charge at the campus clinic was low, 30 per cent. The level of awareness of the services was good, 72 per cent, and the most common first source of information was the school, 65 per cent. Sixteen per cent of participants indicated that religion was a factor for non-utilisation of contraceptives. Conclusion A lack of knowledge and awareness on some contraceptives methods was found. Thus educational programmes to increase student’s knowledge on all contraceptive methods, including addressing possible side-effects, and its use, are urgently needed to increase the use of contraceptives and assisting in reducing the rate of unplanned pregnancies. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Nursing Science / MSc / Unrestricted

Background- At the local, regional, national and global levels, unsafe abortion takes a tremendous toll on girls, women, families, communities, health systems and nations. An estimated 46 million induced abortions are performed annually with 78,000 deaths globally each year. In Ethiopia, unsafe abortion accounts for nearly 60% of all gynaecological admissions and almost 30.0% of all obstetric admission, about 22-54% of direct obstetric deaths are due to unsafe abortion. EC is increasingly regarded as a means to reduce abortion rates Objective – The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of female college students’ towards sex and emergency contraceptives so as to prevent unintended pregnancy. Methods – A descriptive cross sectional survey was conducted among 352 sampled female college students of Dessie, Ethiopia from June 4 to June 5/2012. Selfadministered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was entered into a computer using Microsoft Excel 2007 and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 statistical software and Binary logistic regression analyses are used to measure the associations. Result- The age of students ranged from 18 to 25 years. Of the total respondents 36.6% ever had sexual experience, 53.3% know at least one regular modern contraceptive method, 69.9% heard about emergency contraceptives (EC) but, only 33.9 % had good knowledge about EC and 15.4% of them had ever used it. Conclusion & recommendation- Less than fifty percent of the respondents were knowledgeable about EC. The correct knowledge of the method such as the time limit is lacking for most of the students. Information, education & communication to increase awareness and knowledge about emergency contraceptive is important. Contraception information sessions should address; full details how the EC works and full details of how the contraceptives should be taken / Health Studies / M.A. (Master of Public Health)