In recent years, project management has become an important part of any organisation and/or government as a result of the changing nature of managing organisations due to technological advancement, and a complex, competitive global marketplace. Projects require huge capital outlay from organisations and/or governments; however, literature indicates that huge sums of money are being lost through project failure and Ghana’s government is no exception to this trend. Therefore, this study investigated the perception of the extent of project failure, causes of project failure and the effects of project failure on key stakeholders of Ghana’s government projects. The purpose of this research is to bridge literature gap(s) in project management and also to provide statistical data that can be used by project management practitioners and policy makers in Ghana and other developing countries. An initial literature review was conducted to development theoretical framework that was used to determine the extent of projects failure, causes and effects of projects failure in Ghanaian government projects. Ten (10) semi-structured interviews (general public (2), contractors (2) and project management practitioners (PMP) (6)) were carried out to evaluate the perception that the participants about the extent of failure, causes and effects of Ghana government projects failure. The data were analysed using content and thematic data analysis techniques. The literature reviewed and the exploratory data identified six (6) project failure criteria that were used to assess the extent of project failure in Ghanaian government projects. Thirty-two (32) and twenty-six (26) possible causes and effects of Ghanaian government project failure were identified respectively. Further data were collected through questionnaire surveys of 265 (contractors=78, PMP=81 and general public=106) participants. The questionnaire data were analysed using statistical techniques which included Descriptive Statistics, Means, Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficients, and Kruskal-Wallis H test of difference in ranks. The findings showed that all the three categories of the study’s participants (contractors, PMP and general public) agreed that Ghanaian government projects fail on all six criteria; however, the extent of failure differs from criterion to criterion. They agreed that the worst performing criterion is meeting the projected time, followed by cost, deliverables, stakeholders’ satisfaction, contribution to national development and contribution to the sector where the project is implemented respectively. Secondly, the 32 causes of Ghanaian government projects failure included: monitoring, corruption, political interference, change in government, bureaucracy, fluctuation of prices, lack of continuity, planning, delays in payment, release of funds, change in project leadership, management practices, procurement processes, project funding, commitment to project, selection of project managers, project team formation, project management techniques, feasibility studies, communication, supervision, scope change, capacity, task definition, definition of specification, requirement, regulations, culture and belief systems, user involvement, labour, pressure groups (media, NGOs, political activities etc.), and natural disaster. Further, most of these causes of Ghanaian government projects failure were linked to leadership; however, this was not practitioners but political leadership. The effects identified included: it slows down economic growth, loss of revenue by state, unemployment, bad image for government, collapse of local businesses, cost escalation, government sector underdevelopment, loss of foreign aid/grants, discourages investment, stricter donor regulations, loss of election, financial institutions lose confidence in the state, loss of revenue by the citizens, lack of capacity, sub-standard infrastructure, it slow down citizens' human empowerment, loss of worker hours, pollution, armed robbery and theft, relocation of services, denial of citizens' basic rights, loss of properties, emotional stress on citizens, accidents and deaths, imprisonment, and abandonment of homes. The study revealed that some of these effects are direct whilst others are indirect. Thus, the findings show that the effects are interrelated and sequential – one effect could lead to another effect and in that order. Moreover, the causes and effects were not of equal importance; however, there was a high degree of agreement between the three categories of the study’s participants on the most important causes and effects of failure in Ghanaian government projects.

Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree Master of Technology (Construction Management) In the Faculty of Engineering 2014 / According to findings presented in literature, construction projects are restrained within budgeted cost. Hence, the operational system is challenged within prohibitive cost limits to deliver projects at a stipulated time and at a satisfactory quality. This has prompted the intention of establishing effective management of cost constraint on building project delivery in South Africa. Data for the main study were collected through observations, semi-structured and unstructured qualitative interviews and quantitative close-ended questionnaires administered to construction stakeholders working in the Western Cape and Gauteng provinces, South Africa. Findings are that the following are factors that affect cost during building production process: additional works without contractual procedure, inadequate co-ordination of design phase and construction phase during production by project managers, financial mismanagement, frequent changes in design, cost of materials in the market, fluctuation of price of materials. Additional findings are proper monitoring and controlling at stages during production, procurement of competent contractors and subcontractors, involvement of experienced professionals in production, proper briefing by the client during production process, targeting quality during production, prompt decision taking during production, and the establishment of effective communication systems on site during production, frequent changes in building design by the client during production affect construction cost; frequent changes in building design during production cause rework; changes in building design during construction caused by errors and omissions detected affects quality of project delivered; and specification due to procurement of new materials during construction causes changes in building design, labour productivities, wrong planning for machine usage on site, late delivery of equipment during production and unanticipated increases in prices of building materials. Late delivery of materials also affects production process. Regular meetings on site will promote efficient productivities of human resources, team work on site during production, general progress reports on site during production, projects schedule/timetable for production and work programmes for site activities. The study concluded by recommending that proper adoption of these findings by the South African construction stakeholders during production processes will enhance delivery of building projects at reduced construction resources, at the standard of quality expected, at the time stipulated, at the budgeted cost specified, and to the satisfaction of the client. Interest will be achieved as illustrated under each objective of the research study. This research recommends further investigation of the effects of building material supply management during production processes in the South African construction industry.

M.A. / For many years national legislation has made little to no effort to control the conditions of employment for atypical labour. In fact, such labour has mostly operated withm the twilight zone of the law. Generally ill-defined, with conditions of employment remain relatively vague. This has not only been the case within South Africa, for internationally the struggle headed by the International labour Organization has indicated a similar lack of regulation of such conditions of employment. For the sake of clarity, it must be repeated that this study has no intention of elaborating in any further detail, on the subject of atypical labour, other than in as far as such labour affects labour braking activities Therefore. some description and discussion of the various forms of atypical labour will follow, however only in as much as this will encourage a better understanding of labour braking, as an employment practice.

Although the client's objectives of balancing cost, time and performance have not changed, the complexity of the design and construction of modern buildings today requires a thorough understanding of the factors affecting these objectives if they are to be accomplished. This study therefore begins by analysing the client's objectives to establish the factors affecting each objective and to determine the inter-relationship and possible conflict between these factors. The principal types of contracts and methods of selecting a contractor are then identified. The methods of selecting a contractor are then evaluated according to these factors and their effects on the client's objectives are established. This evaluation is then used as the basis for recommending a procedure to choose which method should be used to select a contractor, in order to accomplish the client's objectives, under differing circumstances.

No description available.

The primary purpose of this study was to analyze the capability and inclination of the aerospace and electronics industry contractors to abide by the general provisions of the Cost/Schedule Control Systems Criteria (C/SCSC).

Thesis (LL.M.)--George Washington University, 2003. / Title from title screen (viewed Sept. 9, 2005). "August 31, 2003." "ADA417077"--URL. Includes bibliographical references. System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Also issued in paper format.

No description available.

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