Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a atratividade da contratação de energia proveniente de fontes incentivadas PCHs, Biomassa, Eólica e Solar - no mercado livre, para empresas do setor comercial com conjunto de unidades consumidoras que atendam às exigências da Resolução ANEEL nº 247/2006. Esta resolução representa um marco importante para a comercialização de energia incentivada, permitindo que unidades consumidoras que possuem o mesmo CNPJ ou estão localizadas em áreas contíguas contratem essa energia, desde que o somatório das demandas do agrupamento de unidades totalize, no mínimo, 500 kW. É apresentado ao longo deste trabalho o processo de gestão de contratos de energia no ambiente livre, focando nas alterações resultantes da nova regulamentação para consumidores especiais. A atratividade da contratação de energia incentivada é analisada através de uma simulação de custos nos ambientes livre e cativo, para 20 unidades consumidoras. É realizado um comparativo do perfil de consumo destas unidades para identificar diferenças entre as que apresentam viabilidade econômica para contratação de energia incentivada e as demais, também foram considerados na simulação diferentes cenários de preços e o impacto do investimento no Sistema de Medição e Faturamento. / This work aims at analyzing the attractiveness of renewable energy sources contracting SHPs, Biomass, Aeolic and Solar in the free market for commercial enterprises whose consumption units are in accordance with ANEELs Resolution n° 247/2006. This resolution represents an important landmark in the commercialization of renewable energy for it allows the consumer units with the same CNPJ or located in adjacent areas to contract this kind of energy, only if the sum of the units demands amount to at least 500 kW. The process of energy contracts management in free contracting ambience is presented in this research, which also focuses on the modifications that result from the new regulation for special consumers. The attractiveness of renewable energy contracting is analyzed through a simulation of costs in free contracting ambiences and in ambiences arranged to 20 consumer units. Comparison with these units consuming profile was made in order to identify differences between the units that have economic feasibility for renewable energy contracting and the other ones. In the simulation, different price scenarios and the investments impact on the Measurement System for Billing were also taken into account.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a atratividade da contratação de energia proveniente de fontes incentivadas PCHs, Biomassa, Eólica e Solar - no mercado livre, para empresas do setor comercial com conjunto de unidades consumidoras que atendam às exigências da Resolução ANEEL nº 247/2006. Esta resolução representa um marco importante para a comercialização de energia incentivada, permitindo que unidades consumidoras que possuem o mesmo CNPJ ou estão localizadas em áreas contíguas contratem essa energia, desde que o somatório das demandas do agrupamento de unidades totalize, no mínimo, 500 kW. É apresentado ao longo deste trabalho o processo de gestão de contratos de energia no ambiente livre, focando nas alterações resultantes da nova regulamentação para consumidores especiais. A atratividade da contratação de energia incentivada é analisada através de uma simulação de custos nos ambientes livre e cativo, para 20 unidades consumidoras. É realizado um comparativo do perfil de consumo destas unidades para identificar diferenças entre as que apresentam viabilidade econômica para contratação de energia incentivada e as demais, também foram considerados na simulação diferentes cenários de preços e o impacto do investimento no Sistema de Medição e Faturamento. / This work aims at analyzing the attractiveness of renewable energy sources contracting SHPs, Biomass, Aeolic and Solar in the free market for commercial enterprises whose consumption units are in accordance with ANEELs Resolution n° 247/2006. This resolution represents an important landmark in the commercialization of renewable energy for it allows the consumer units with the same CNPJ or located in adjacent areas to contract this kind of energy, only if the sum of the units demands amount to at least 500 kW. The process of energy contracts management in free contracting ambience is presented in this research, which also focuses on the modifications that result from the new regulation for special consumers. The attractiveness of renewable energy contracting is analyzed through a simulation of costs in free contracting ambiences and in ambiences arranged to 20 consumer units. Comparison with these units consuming profile was made in order to identify differences between the units that have economic feasibility for renewable energy contracting and the other ones. In the simulation, different price scenarios and the investments impact on the Measurement System for Billing were also taken into account.

Public administration scholars have raised serious concerns about loss of democratic accountability when government services are outsourced to private forprofit businesses because of the very different values and missions of the two sectors. Particular concern for democratic accountability arises when administrative discretion is delegated to governments' private sector agents. Furthermore, if contractors may adversely impact individual rights or interests, or may adversely impact vulnerable populations, special democratic responsibilities arise. It is these three features of outsourcing transactions that constitute the elements of the proposed framework used in this research in order to assess need for heightened attention to democratic accountability. Some scholars argue for application of constitutional and administrative law norms to some government contractors. / Public service ethics and transparency requirements found in administrative law are heavily value-laden and mission-driven. If applied to certain government contractors, they can help to bridge the sectors' mission and value differences, thus enhancing democratic accountability for the services performed by governments' private sector agents. This research offers an analytical framework for identifying features of outsourcing transactions that call for enhanced democratic accountability measures such as ethics and transparency requirements, and explores the application of ethics and transparency requirements to governments' contractors. Contracts and laws governing three Florida local government service categories were subjected to close systematic textual and legal analysis: residential trash collection, building code inspection, and inmate health care. / The analysis revealed circumstances calling for greater attention to democratic accountability in that the selected outsourcing transactions delegated to contractors the authority to exercise police power, make public policy, and commit expenditures of public funds. Contracts and laws haphazardly required contractors to abide by public service ethics and transparency requirements, thus beginning to adapt the mission and value system of their private sector agents to those of government. / Rebecca L. Keeler. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2010. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2010. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Un projet de développement d’une nouvelle installation pétrolière est lancé lorsque des études d’exploration et d’appréciation estiment que l’exploitation du gisement d’hydrocarbures découvert sera suffisamment rentable. La taille des projets rencontrés en industrie pétrolière impose de les découper en plusieurs périmètres. Chaque périmètre est attribué à un contracteur avec un type de contrat particulier, formant ainsi la stratégie contractuelle du projet. Durant le processus de sélection de la stratégie contractuelle, les entreprises pétrolières font face à trois difficultés récurrentes : 1) l’identification et la génération d’un nombre raisonnable et pertinent d’alternatives ; 2) l’évaluation des alternatives réalisables, qui dépendent de critères d’échelles et de natures différentes ; et enfin, 3) le besoin de justifier la solution proposée. La problématique de recherche est donc de concevoir une méthodologie d’aide à l’élaboration et la sélection de la stratégie contractuelle des projets de développement. Elle devra être la plus adaptée non seulement en termes de performances coûts, délais, mais devra également tenir compte des risques associés à ces performances. De plus, les interfaces entre contrats devront être considérées, car la performance collective de la stratégie peut être dégradée par rapport aux performances individuelles de chaque contrat. Ainsi, notre travail de recherche vise à mettre en place des solutions à la fois techniques et pratiques pour d'une part répondre à la question d'identification et de génération d'un ensemble pertinent d'alternatives de contrats et de stratégies contractuelles. D'autre part, construire et mettre en œuvre un système d’estimation et évaluation, permettant d’arriver à une proposition de stratégie contractuelle la plus performante pour le projet de développement. / A development project of a new oil and gas facility starts when the exploration and the appraisal studies estimate the exploitation of the hydrocarbon deposit is economically viable. The complexity and the size of the projects encountered in the industry impose to split them into several pieces, which represent the scope of future contracts. Each scope is then awarded to a contractor with a specific type of contract and selection mode, forming the contractual strategy to adopt in the project. During the contractual strategy selection process, oil companies encounters three recurring difficulties related to: 1) the identification of a reasonable and relevant set of alternatives; 2) the evaluation of potential alternatives, which depends on criteria from different scales and natures; and, 3) the need to substantiate the chosen contractual strategy solution. The research problem is to propose a decision aiding methodology for the development and selection of the most appropriate contractual strategy. It has to be the most performing in terms of cost and schedule, but should also consider the risks associated with these performances. In addition, the interfaces between the different contracts should also be considered, because the collective performance of the whole strategy may be degraded compared to the performance of each individual contract. Thereby, our work seeks to implement both technical and practical solutions to answer on the one hand the question of identification and generation of a relevant set of alternatives, at contracts and contractual strategy levels. On the other hand, to build and implement a system of estimation and evaluation of contractual strategies, allowing to come up with the most performing proposal to the upstream development project.