Experiences of presence are common in bereavement. The bereaved person may see the deceased, hear their familiar voice, or otherwise feel they are close at hand. But although common, they are experiences not without controversy. They have come under a variety of descriptions, from 'hallucinations', lacking in meaning and even essentially meaningless, to 'continuing relationships', of rich personal significance. The current thesis represents the first systematic investigation of the properties and meaning of experiences of presence. Narrative biographic interviews with bereaved informants were analysed using Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis. Analytical focus was on the ways in which participants made such experiences meaningful. As a novel approach, this thesis reports several new findings about these phenomena. Firstly, the experiences happened in a variety of bonds (including spouses, parents, grandparents, children, siblings and others), and in a variety of circumstances of the bereavement (including sudden and expected deaths). In all cases, they were described as richly meaningful experiences and as relying on several sources for this meaning. The personal histories of participants were of particular importance in making sense of experiences of presence. Within this context, the experience acquired sense as a continuation of some aspect of the relationship with the deceased. The experiences also had diverse functions, from soothing to destructive. Sometimes, the experiences helped the bereaved to resolve unfinished business with the deceased; at other times, the help was with a much more ordinary problem. On some occasions the experiences of presence caused the bereaved more problems; they simply pronounced the grief or continued a fraught relationship. Participants showed that they had many cultural resources available to them in making sense of their experiences but they did not use all of them. Many informants used some spiritual and psychological ideas to make sense of their experiences. The thesis concludes that many of the most popular theories for these experiences impoverish them by stripping them of their diversity and important aspects of their meaning. The thesis also makes recommendations for psychotherapy for those who have problems of living as a result of their experiences of presence. The study also has implications for psychological research as none of these findings could have been observed through the use of an experimental methodology.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-03-21T15:30:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 priscilajulioguedespinto.pdf: 806114 bytes, checksum: 5945ef44664b16faa058ec7813d8aa52 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-22T11:46:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 priscilajulioguedespinto.pdf: 806114 bytes, checksum: 5945ef44664b16faa058ec7813d8aa52 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-22T11:46:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 priscilajulioguedespinto.pdf: 806114 bytes, checksum: 5945ef44664b16faa058ec7813d8aa52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-30 / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo descrever algumas práticas sequenciais de negociação, desempenhadas pelo inspetor de polícia nos interrogatórios policiais da Delegacia de Repressão a Crimes Contra a Mulher (DRCCM). Utiliza-se como referencial teóricometodológico a Análise da Conversa de base Etnometodológica para o mapeamento sequencial dessas práticas que são organizadas sequencialmente e construídas localmente nas interações de cinco interrogatórios policiais. Considerando que o inspetor de polícia executa atividades que extrapolam a sua tarefa principal de interrogar as partes, no sentido stricto sensu, como a prática de negociação, a análise parte da verificação de quais práticas sequenciais de negociação são executadas pelo policial, e o que é negociado nesse ambiente. A partir disso, elabora-se um quadro que sintetiza essas práticas que são utilizadas pelo inspetor para a resolução de conflitos e tomadas de decisão. Esse estudo evidencia que tais práticas sequenciais de negociação contribuem para que os policiais reflitam sobre as suas atuações no ambiente da DRCCM, uma vez que não só atuam como investigadores, mas também como terceiras partes (negociadores), tentando resolver os problemas familiares levados pelas partes à DRCCM, e aprimorem as suas habilidades interacionais dentro desse ambiente institucional para melhor atender a população. / This dissertation will attempt to describe sequential practices of negotiation led by the police officer in the police inquiries at an All-Female Police Station. The methodological and theoretical references to map the practices sequentially are based on the Conversation Analysis Ethnomethodology. The sequential practices of negotiation were organized in series and locally built with the interaction of five police inquiries. It will be considered that the police officer performs extra activities besides their major task of inquiring - in strict sensu - as a negotiation practice. The analysis will attempt to validate which sequential practices of negotiation are performed by the police officer, and what is negotiated in the work environment. Based on the aforementioned theories, a synthesis of the practices performed by the police officer to solve conflicts and take decisions will be depicted. This study will show that sequential practices of negotiation may contribute to the police officers' consideration of their own acts in the work environment, once they do not work only as investigators. They receive other functions besides trying to resolve the victim's family's problems, for instance, and also improve their interaction within the All-Female Police Station institutional environment in order to serve the population with more quality.

This thesis examines how very young children (1-3 years) organize participation during naptime, a recurrent activity of everyday life in preschools. Focus is on how these children practice their social and cultural understandings of the local order and thus establish various local orders as part of how they shape their peer cultures and the routines of the naptime. An ethnomethodological and conversation analytic (EM/CA) perspective is used to explore the organisation of the local orders oriented to by the children in their participation during naptime. A special interest is directed at how small children use embodied actions and various semiotic resources as they actively take part in this preschool routine. The data, collected during fieldwork with participant observations, consist of video recordings and field notes. The recordings are analysed using EM/CA methods, including detailed attention to embodied features of interaction along with spatial and material arrangements. Transcriptions of interaction comprise representations of both verbal and visual aspects, e.g. gestures, gaze and movement through the room. The study shows that naptime involves more than sleep. It is demonstrated how very young children, through interaction with each other and the pedagogues, are active agents in sustaining, creating, re-creating and challenging the local orders of naptime. Through embodied actions and the use of various semiotic resources, the children are able to create time and space for their own peer cultures within this institutional routine. Overall, the study sheds light on the sophisticated ways in which very young children use their knowledge of cultural and institutional routines – the spatial organisation of sleep mattresses, artefacts (e.g. blankets, pacifiers and soft toys) and the sequential structures of the naptime – to constitute spaces for play and joyful interaction with peers and pedagogues. In spite of their sometimes limited vocal language, these very young children are able to use a variety of semiotic resources to constitute their own social life within naptime, often through secondary adjustments to institutional and adult structured order.

Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2017-04-27T12:57:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 priscilajulioguedespinto.pdf: 3970525 bytes, checksum: 39e07f9cc235df6c2bbd16e72422bb54 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-05-12T15:48:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 priscilajulioguedespinto.pdf: 3970525 bytes, checksum: 39e07f9cc235df6c2bbd16e72422bb54 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T15:49:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 priscilajulioguedespinto.pdf: 3970525 bytes, checksum: 39e07f9cc235df6c2bbd16e72422bb54 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-24 / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo mapear as práticas de apurar crimes, desempenhadas por um inspetor de polícia, nos interrogatórios policiais da Delegacia de Repressão a Crimes Contra a Mulher (doravante DRCCM). A relevância deste trabalho deve-se ao fato de a atividade de apurar crimes, nos interrogatórios policiais, ser fundamental para a composição do processo criminal, encaminhado ao judiciário para punição dos acusados. Esta pesquisa baseia-se no referencial teórico-metodológico da Análise da Conversa de base Etnometodológica (SACKS, SCHEGLOFF e JEFFERSON (2003 [1974]) para o mapeamento sequencial dessas práticas, que são construídas localmente nas interações dos interrogatórios policiais. O trabalho insere-se no panorama da Linguística Aplicada das Profissões (SARANGI, 2005). Considerando que a apuração se processa, sobretudo, por meio de sequências de pares adjacentes de pergunta e resposta, a análise parte do estudo das práticas de apurar crimes executadas por um policial, e das perguntas e/ou afirmações que as implementam. Este estudo evidencia que, através de tais práticas, o policial atinge a sua meta institucional, tentando coletar informações que comprovem a materialidade dos delitos. Os resultados desta pesquisa mostram que das oito práticas detectadas, em apenas duas, o policial consegue as informações criminais que ele busca obter. Apesar de a maioria dessas práticas não tenham sido eficazes para o policial comprovar a materialidade dos delitos, destaca-se que o conhecimento adquirido pelos policiais civis dessas práticas possa contribuir para o desenvolvimento do trabalho policial nas Delegacias de Polícia, de modo que os próprios policiais reflitam sobre o seu fazer investigativo e busquem novas práticas que possam ajudá-los na obtenção de informações relacionadas aos delitos. / The purpose of this thesis is to map out the practices of investigating crimes led by the police officer in the police interrogations at an All-female Police Station. The relevance of this work is due to the fact that the act of investigating crimes in police interrogations is fundamental for the whole criminal process that it is then sent to the court for the correct punishment of the accused. This research is based on the methodological and theoretical references of Conversation Analysis Ethnomethodology (SACKS, SCHEGLOFF e JEFFERSON (2003 [1974]) for the sequential mapping out of these practices, which are done locally in the interactions of the police interrogations. This work is part of the so called Applied Linguistics of Professions panorama (SARANGI, 2005). Considering that the investigation is processed, above all, through the adjacent pairs of question and answer sequences, the analysis goes from the study practices of investigating crimes done by a police officer, and the questions and/or statements that they implement. This study shows that, through such practices, the police officer reaches his institutional goal in trying to collect information to prove the materiality of crimes. The results of this research show that of the eight practices detected, in only two, the police officer collects the criminal information that he seeks to obtain. Although most of these practices have not been effective to the police officer proves the materiality of crimes, it is emphasized that the knowledge gained of these practices by the police officers can contribute to the development of police work within the Police Stations, in a way that the police officers can reflect upon their interrogation techniques and seek new ways to help them get information related to the crimes.