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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Make or buy analysis for cooked sausage products

Ausloos, Peter January 1900 (has links)
Master of Agribusiness / Department of Agricultural Economics / Allen M. Featherstone / Johnsonville Sausage is a privately held company based in Sheboygan Falls, WI. The company has a growing cooked sausage business and is evaluating options to expand capacity. Investing in either of two existing facilities or outsourcing production to a co-manufacturer is being considered in this make versus buy analysis. Intense competition in the category and uncertain raw material markets are considerations in the evaluation. Data used for the analyses were obtained from Johnsonville sources. Assumptions for the “make” analyses were based on existing data where applicable such as labor and utilities, and in other cases assumptions were made based on company knowledge of the process. Johnsonville engineers worked closely with equipment vendors to develop the building and equipment investment plan. Data for the “buy” alternative were received from a prequalified co-packer with advanced manufacturing technology. A Net Present Value (NPV) model is developed for each alternative and used to determine financial viability of each. The models consider varying investment requirements, freight rates and cost of goods for each alternative. Sensitivity analyses are performed to address key variables such as raw material prices and sales volume. The paper concludes that investment in Sheboygan is a viable option; however, the investment poses risk if raw material prices rise and or volume declines from expected projections. Therefore, the recommendation is to outsource production and initiate the Sheboygan project when the co-packed volume reaches 15 million pounds.
2

Natrio druskų mažinimo galimybės termiškai apdorotuose mėsos gaminiuose / The possibility of sodium salts reduce in the heat-treated meat products

Ulinskaitė, Monika 18 June 2013 (has links)
Darbo objektai: Virtų, karštai rūkytų dešrų gamyba, juslinių savybių ir mikrobiologinis dešrų įvertinimas. Darbo tikslas – Įvertinti natrio druskų mažinimo galimybes termiškai apdorotuose mėsos gaminiuose. Darbo užduotys: 1. Mokslinės literatūros apie natrio druskų mažinimo galimybes termiškai apdorotuose mėsos gaminiuose apibendrinimas. 2. Natrio druskų pakeitimo alternatyviais ingredientais virtose ir karštai rūkytose dešrose galimybių tyrimas. 3. Gaminių receptūrų sudarymas, gaminių gamyba, juslinis įvertinimas. 4. Gautų rezultatų statistinis apdorojimas, apibendrinimas, išvadų formulavimas. Darbo rengimo vieta: Tiriamasis darbas buvo atliktas Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitete Veterinarijos akademijoje Maisto saugos ir kokybės katedroje ir „X“ mėsos perdirbimo įmonėje. Tyrimai buvo atlikti Šiaulių Nacionalinio maisto ir veterinarijos rizikos vertinimo institute. Darbo apimtis: 46 puslapiai, 11 lentelės, 10 paveikslų, 4 priedai Raktažodžiai: virta dešra, karštai rūkyta dešra, natrio druska Išvados: 1. 50 proc. nitritinės druskos kiekio pakeitimas kalcio laktatu virtose dešrose ženkliai padidino aerobinių mikroorganizmų skaičių, todėl toks pakeitimas nėra tinkamas taikyti virtų dešrų gamyboje. Kiti tyrime tirti natrio nitrito pakaitalai virtose ir karštai rūkytose dešrose nežymiai padidino aerobinių mikroorganizmų skaičių; 2. Nitritinės druskos pakeitimas 50 proc. kalio chloridu ir 50 proc. kalcio laktatu turėjo nežymią įtaką virtų dešrų juslinėms savybėms bei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Objects of the thesis: Production of cooked, smoked sausages, evaluation of sausages of organoleptic characteristics and microbiological. Aim of the thesis is to rate the possibilities of sodium salt reduction in the heat-treated meat products. Purpose of the thesis: 1. Summary of the scientific literature on possibilities of sodium salt reduction in the heat-treated meat products. 2. Research of possibilities of the change of the sodium salt by the alternative ingredients in the cooked and smoked sausages. 3. Formation of the products recipes, manufacture of the products and sensory evaluation. 4. Statistical processing of the obtained results, generalization, and formulation of conclusions. Work preparation place ant term: The research was performed at the Food Safety and Quality Department of the Veterinary Academy of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences and at the company of meat processing “X”. The research was performed at the Šiauliai National Food and Veterinary Risk Assessment Institute. Work span: The thesis consists of: 46 pages, 11 tables, 10 pictures, 4 annexes Keywords: cooked sausage, smoked sausage, sodium salt Conclusions: 1. 50% nitric salt replacement to calcium lactate leads to increase of aerobic microorganisms in cooked sausages and it is therefore unsuitable for the production of cooked sausages. The other investigated nitric salt replacement variants do not show a significant increase of aerobic microorganisms in cooked and smoked... [to full text]
3

PASTEURIZAÇÃO DE SALSICHAS COM ULTRASSOM E MICRO-ONDAS / SAUSAGE PASTEURIZATION WITH THE USE OF ULTRASOUND AND MICROWAVE

Rampelotto, Cristine 12 April 2012 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aimed to develop new methods for pasteurization of sausages with the use of ultrasound and microwaves in order to reduce the bacterial load with more energy efficient and low impact on the characteristics of the product. For pasteurization with microwave oven, sausages were divided into 22 groups, of which one was the control that not received treatment, and the others received treatment in a microwave in different conditions, varying the time and power. The effect of the microwave treated sausage was evaluated with and without a water bath, in the presence or absence of packaging. Sausages treated with microwave unwrapped in conditions that do not change visually, reduced mesophilic and acid lactic bacteria statistically significant, but at a rate not significant for practical use. When treated were packaged, it was observed that the packaging commonly used in sausage has little resistance to microwave pasteurization, and breaks observed in some cases. It was necessary to use a water bath to maintain maintain package integrity. The data obtained on the sausage pasteurization with microwave suggest that are required the development of suitable packaging and adapting the machine to produce more uniform heating and controlled. For pasteurization with ultrasound were analyzed the effectiveness of the frequencies of 25 kHz and 130 kHz in the reduction of mesophilic bacteria and acid lactic bacteria and the effect of frequency on color, lipid oxidation and pH. We evaluated the potential bactericidal effect of ultrasound of 25 kHz on pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus and the effect of storage on the microbiological aspects, lipid oxidation, color, pH and texture of pasteurized sausages with ultrasound. The frequency of 25 kHz, was more effective in reducing mesophilic bacteria and acid lactic bacteria and not changing color and pH, as well as producing lower lipid oxidation. The ultrasound effect was observed on the destruction of Bacillus cereus and apparently did not affect the cells of Staphylococcus aureus. For the avaluated storage conditions, ultrasound promoted inhibition of acid lactic, psychrotrophic and mesophilic bacteria and lower lipid oxidation up to 60 days of storage, with minimal color and pH change, without affecting the texture. / Este trabalho buscou desenvolver novas metodologias para a pasteurização de salsichas com o uso de ultrassom e micro-ondas com o objetivo de reduzir a carga bacteriana com mais eficiência energética e com baixo impacto sobre as características do produto. Para a pasteurização com micro-ondas as salsichas foram divididas aleatoriamente em 22 grupos, dos quais um foi o controle, que não recebeu nenhum tratamento, e os demais receberam tratamentos em micro-ondas em diferentes condições, variando tempo e potência. O efeito das micro-ondas foi avaliado em salsichas tratadas com e sem banho-maria, na presença e na ausência de embalagem. Salsichas tratadas com micro-ondas fora da embalagem em condições que não as alteraram visualmente apresentaram redução de bactérias láticas e mesófilas estatisticamente significativa, porém em taxa pouco expressiva para a utilização prática. Quando foram tratadas embaladas, foi observado que a embalagem comumente utilizada em salsichas tem pouca resistência para a pasteurização em micro-ondas, sendo observados rompimentos em alguns casos. Foi necessário utilizar banho-maria para preservar e manter a integridade das embalagens. Os dados obtidos sobre a pasteurização de salsicha com micro-ondas sugerem que é necessário o desenvolvimento de embalagens adequadas e a adaptação dos equipamentos para um aquecimento mais uniforme e controlado. Para a pasteurização com ultrassom analisou-se a efetividade das frequências de 25 kHz e 130 kHz na redução de bactérias láticas e mesófilas e o efeito das frequências sobre a cor, oxidação lipídica e pH. Avaliou-se também o potencial bactericida do ultrassom de 25 kHz frente às bactérias patogênicas Staphilococcus aureus e Bacillus cereus e o efeito do armazenamento sobre os aspectos microbiológicos, oxidação lipídica, cor, pH e textura das salsichas pasteurizadas com ultrassom. A frequência de 25 kHz, foi a mais eficiente na redução de bactérias láticas e mesófilas sem alterar cor e pH, além de produzir menor oxidação lipídica. O ultrassom teve efeito sobre a destruição de Bacillus cereus e, aparentemente, não afetou as células de Staphylococcus aureus. Nas condições de armazenamento avaliadas, o ultrassom promoveu inibição do crescimento de bactérias láticas, mesófilas e psicrotróficas e menor oxidação lipídica até 60 dias de armazenagem, apresentando pouca alteração de cor e pH sem afetar a textura.
4

OTIMIZAÇÃO DE FORMULAÇÕES DE SALSICHA MISTA PRODUZIDAS COM CARNE DE JUNDIÁ (Rhamdia quelen) / OPTIMIZATION OF MIXED COOKED SAUSAGE FORMULATIONS PRODUCED WITH SILVER CATFISH (Rhamdia quelen) FLESH

Piccolo, Jaqueline 05 March 2010 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This study evaluated the utilization of pulp obtained from filleting wastes and soybean fiber in the formulation of mixed red meat/fish sausages and was aimed at increasing the nutritional value of cooked sausages and making good use of agroindustrial byproducts. First we evaluated the effect of replacing red meat with silver catfish pulp obtained from filleting wastes (PFW 0, 25, 37 and 50% of total batter) on the nutritional, technological and sensory properties, as well as on the shelf life of sausages under refrigeration. The replacement yielded sensory acceptable cooked sausages both in a full-fat formulation (PFW-25%) and in a low-fat formulation (PFW- 37%). These formulations, especially the low-fat one had improved nutritional value (higher EPA+DHA content and lower n-6/n-3 ratio) and better technological characteristics than the full-fat red meat control sausage. The lipid oxidation during refrigerated storage was not accelerated by fish pulp. Although fish pulp did not increase total plate counts, some caution must be taken with the microbiological stability, since fish-containing sausages had slightly higher psychrotrophic counts during refrigerated storage. Secondly, aiming at enlarging the range of applications of agroindustrial by-products, we investigated the effect of soybean fiber (0, 1.6, 2.4, 3.8 and 4.5%) on the physiochemical, technological and sensory properties of low-fat meat/fish cooked sausages made with a pulp from silver catfish filleting wastes. Soybean fiber decreased the moisture and increased ash and protein content, with no changes in water activity or pH of sausages. All fiber-containing sausages had greater tendency to yellowness (higher b* value) and increased hardness, gumminess and chewiness, while the other changes in color (chroma and hue angle) and texture parameters (springiness and cohesiveness) were observed only in the formulations containing intermediate and higher soybean fiber levels. Soybean fiber reduced cooking loss and improved emulsion stability. Sensory evaluation revealed that up to 2.4% soybean dietary fiber (5.4% soybean fiber powder) can be added to low-fat meat/fish sausage formulations without changes in the overall acceptability. These results indicate that the pulp from silver catfish filleting wastes and soybean fiber can be used to develop novel healthier fish/meat sausages enriched in n-3 fatty acids and dietary fiber, with better technological properties, while keeping sensory characteristics similar to the conventional products. / Este trabalho avaliou o uso da polpa de resíduos da filetagem e da fibra de soja na elaboração de salsichas mistas de carne vermelha e pescado, com o objetivo de aumentar o valor nutricional de salsichas e viabilizar o aproveitamento de subprodutos agroindustriais. Primeiro avaliamos o efeito da substituição da carne vermelha com polpa obtida a partir de resíduos da filetagem de jundiá (PRF 0, 25, 37 e 50% da massa total) nas propriedades nutricionais, tecnológicas e sensoriais, assim como na vida útil salsichas armazenadas sob refrigeração. A substituição resultou em salsichas sensorialmente aceitáveis tanto em uma formulação com o teor convencional de gordura (PRF-25%) quanto em uma formulação com gordura reduzida (PRF-37%). Essas formulações, especialmente aquela com gordura reduzida, apresentaram um melhor valor nutritivo (maior conteúdo de EPA+DHA e menor razão n-6/n-3) e melhores características tecnológicas do que o controle com carne vermelha e teor convencional de gordura. A adição de polpa de pescado não acelerou a oxidação lipídica durante o armazenamento refrigerado. Embora a polpa de peixe não tenha aumentado a contagem de mesófilos, deve-se tomar cuidado com a estabilidade microbiológica, já que as formulações contendo a polpa de pescado apresentaram uma contagem de microorganismos psicrotróficos ligeiramente maior durante o armazenamento refrigerado. Secundariamente, visando ampliar o conjunto de aplicações dos subprodutos agroindustriais, nós investigamos o efeito da fibra de soja (0; 1,6; 2,4; 3,8 e 4,5%) nas propriedades físico-químicas, tecnológicas e sensoriais de salsichas de carne e polpa de resíduos da filetagem de jundiá formuladas com gordura reduzida. A fibra de soja diminuiu a umidade e aumentou o teor de cinzas e proteínas, sem alterar a atividade de água ou pH das salsichas. Todas as formulações contendo fibra apresentaram maior tendência ao amarelo (elevado valor de b*) e aumento da dureza, gomabilidade e mastigabilidade, enquanto que as outras alterações na cor (saturação e ângulo de cor) e textura (parâmetros de elasticidade e coesividade) foram observados somente nas formulações contendo níveis médios e superiores de fibra de soja. A fibra de soja reduziu a perda no cozimento e melhorou a estabilidade da emulsão. A avaliação sensorial revelou que até 2,4% de fibra alimentar (5,4% de pó de fibra de soja) pode ser adicionado às salsichas de carne/pescado com gordura reduzida, sem mudanças na sua aceitação global. Estes resultados indicam que a polpa de resíduos da filetagem do jundiá e a fibra de soja podem ser utilizadas no desenvolvimento de salsichas novas e mais saudáveis, à base de carne e pescado, enriquecidas em ácidos graxos n-3 e fibra alimentar, as quais apresentam com melhores propriedades tecnológicas, mas mantém características sensoriais similares aos produtos convencionais.

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