<p>The purpose of this research study is to explore the relationship between cultures and Human Resource Management Strategies in Swedish Multinational Corporations. In order to achieve this purpose, a multiple-methods research design is adopted. The study consists of two steps. The first step is a pilot study which aims to give a general picture and the direction for the further case study. A case study is the second step; here, three companies are studied by conducting interviews: ArtsNordica, TeliaSonera and Company A, with the intention of highlighting the important issues of cultures and HRM strategies.</p>

The purpose of this research study is to explore the relationship between cultures and Human Resource Management Strategies in Swedish Multinational Corporations. In order to achieve this purpose, a multiple-methods research design is adopted. The study consists of two steps. The first step is a pilot study which aims to give a general picture and the direction for the further case study. A case study is the second step; here, three companies are studied by conducting interviews: ArtsNordica, TeliaSonera and Company A, with the intention of highlighting the important issues of cultures and HRM strategies.

This graduation thesis deals with the analysis of corporate culture Enaspol. In the theoretical part are included basic knowledge of corporate culture. In the introduction is the concept of culture and corporate culture. Next, there is a basic change types and typology of corporate culture. The Enaspol company has been introduced in the empirical part. The aim of the thesis was an analysis of corporate culture, especially the second level of "social norms and standards of conduct. The work deals mainly with problems of labor discipline, work ethic, the existence and importance of social norms in the organization, employees' access to education and their overall satisfaction. Result of this work is proposing measures and changes to management, which should lead to improved corporate culture Enaspol.

Syftet med den här studien är att ta reda på vilken kunskap och vilka värderingar som finns i klädesbutiker angående kemikalier i kläder och om ekologiska alternativ. Jag vill även undersöka på vilket sätt information kan påverka butikerna till att agera i linje med en hållbar utveckling. Särskilt vill jag undersöka hur butikernas företagskultur påverkar deras strategiska arbete. Jag har gjort en kvalitativ undersökning och intervjuat 13 butiksinnehavare i centrala Malmö. Först träffade jag intervjupersonerna i deras butiker, några månader senare ringde jag upp var och en för att se om de tänkt något på det vi samtalat om eller till och med gjort några förändringar.De flesta av intervjupersonerna visste mycket lite om vad det finns för regler gällande kemikalier i textil, de hade dock viss kunskap om ekologiska kläder. Kunden, leverantören, media, producenten samt stat och kommun identifierades som aktörer som kunde påverka företagaren i sitt agerande. Flera av de intervjuade ifrågasatte om kvalitet och stil var lika bra i ekologiska kläder och de trodde att de ekologiska kläderna var dyrare. De flesta var tveksamma till om kunden ville betala mellanskillnaden. Några av dem misstrodde dessutom ekologiska märkningar. Intervjupersonerna tyckte att priset, stilen och kvaliteten på kläderna var viktiga, ett par av dem ansåg att miljöspekten var överordnad. Det fanns en viss vilja till förändring bland intervjupersonerna men med den följde krav på att de ekologiska kläderna överensstämde med butikernas överordnade mål. Butikernas företagskulturer tillsammans med människorna i butikerna, deras attityder och värderingar, påverkade butikernas strategiska miljöarbete. Att få information om kemikalier som kan finnas i kläder hade olika effekt på företagarna men det visade sig att det krävs mer än kunskap för att förändra deras agerande i linje med en hållbar utveckling.Nyckelord: Klädbutiker, kemikalier i kläder, ekologiska kläder, företagskulturer,miljöstrategiskt arbete, kunskap, värderingar och agerande.Abstract / The purpose for this study is to find out which knowledge and values there are in clothing stores about chemicals in clothes and about ecological alternatives. I also would like to see in what way information can affect the stores to act in a sustainable way. Especially I want to investigate how the stores corporate culture affects their strategic work. I have done a qualitative survey and I interviewed 13 storeowners in the center of Malmo. First I met the people I interviewed in their stores, a couple of months later I followed up with telephone interviews.The store owners knew very little about rules in the area of chemicals in textile, however they had some knowledge about ecological clothing. The customer, the deliverer, media, the producer, the state and communes are identified as important actors that could affect the corporate owner and the actions. The people in the survey questioned if the quality and style could be as good when the clothes were ecological and they thought that they were more expensive, most of them didn´t believe that the customers were willing to pay for the difference. Some of those I have talked to were mistrusting ecological markings. The people I talked to felt that the price, the style and the quality of the clothes was important, a few viewed the environmental impact as the most important. They had some will to change but it was followed with demands that the ecological clothes and there head goals were compatible. The corporate cultures together with the people in the stores, there attitudes and values, affected the strategic environmental work of the stores. The information affected the store owners in different ways but it is required more than knowledge to change their actions against a more sustainable way.Keywords: Clothing stores, chemical in clothes, ecological clothes, corporate cultures, environmental strategic work, knowledge, values and action.

長期以來，台灣營建產業處於低度發展劣勢，廠商規模、技術、管理能力嚴重落後於國際廠商，尤其自台灣加入世界貿易組織後，更面臨國內市場對外開放競爭的挑戰。本研究意在探討台灣營建產業領導廠商（個案公司）因應變局挑戰的策略思維，變革的內容、過程與績效。 個案公司面臨產業變局，於2000年由企業領導人發動企業文化重塑，標舉企業經營新價值，重行定位企業走向。經由策略再思維，採用選擇與集中策略，選定系統整合工程、一般建築市場、高科技廠房，為三大核心目標事業領域，並以系統整合、風險管理、fast-track為其未來發展之策略性能耐。 為達成經營變革策略目標，個案公司推動以績效管理模式為主軸之企業流程再造，涵蓋目標管理、組織重整、引進企業資源規劃（ERP）以利工程規劃管理、預算管制、重建人力資訊系統等。致力於管理控制面之營運效率改善。其變革管理作為，確實已取得近程財務績效優勢，領先業界。 個案研究之主要發現為：缺乏變革管理經驗的企業，初期嘗試推動組織變革，傾向於採用「基本策略」變革為主要取向；在習於服從權威的組織環境中，領導者的視野與意志貫徹，為企業進行組織變革的關鍵成功因素；成功的組織變革需要涵蓋全面，藉由系統化的策略思維，將各項變革作為加以互相連結；客觀、全面、正確而深入地檢視與診斷組織既有問題，是有效達成組織變革的必要手段；企業面對惡質化的市場競爭，需透過策略再思維重新定義經營領域，以提升經營效能；封閉產業廠商面臨產業環境國際化變局，需進行涵蓋較多層面的組織變革，以因應變局挑戰；對於採取「基本策略」變革而言，推動既深且廣、符合策略目標的企業流程再造，為達成變革目標的關鍵；明確、與變革策略相結合的績效管理，是推動「基本策略」變革的有效工具。 / For decades, the construction industry of Taiwan has undergone its underdevelopment, with its scale, technologies and managerial capabilities backward to the average of worldwide competitors. Such competition posture has turned severer as the local construction market opened to global competition since Taiwan entered WTO. This research studies the strategic thinking, contents, the process and performances of organizational changes initiated by a leading company (“The Company”) of Taiwan construction industry while facing the harsh impact on business environmental changes. Reacting to industrial changes, in year 2000, CEO of The Company initiated to re-mold its corporate culture, to advocate new corporate values and to re-define business approaches. To execute rethinking approach of change management, The Company adopted the strategy of “selection & focus” to target on system integration of infrastructures, buildings and hi-tech factories as core business, with strategic competences of SI, risk management and fast-track skills to be cultivated. To achieve strategic objectives, The Company facilitated business process reengineering, which centered on performance management mode and process reengineering, including management by objectives, organizational restructuring, adopting ERP for engineering planning & management, budget control and reestablishment of information system of human resource management, for the enhancing of operational efficiency. Such managerial effort has led The Company to financially outperform local competitors for the latest three years. What this research reveals can be an inspiration to business execution. The overall commitment of the corporate is essential to the success of an organizational change since the change requires the comprehensive coverage. The leader’s vision and perseverance are critical to the fulfillment of organizational changes. It is pivotal to facilitate such changes with systematic strategic thinking. The subjective, comprehensive, extensive and precise survey and diagnosis on the existing problems of an organization is necessary to effectively reach the objectives of organizational changes. To set out suitable competition strategies in accordance with environmental factors and organizational conditions is indispensable to enhance business effectiveness. The performance management which aligns with strategic objectives is the important means to execute the organizational change.