Save energy, reduce carbon and environmental protection issues are now highly concerned in the world. To be a citizen of the world, every enterprise should proceed with environmental management and corporate greening no matter for the purpose of fulfilling the corporate social responsibility or making profits. Green corporate culture is the foundation of developing green corporate and core of green business modle. Therefore we interviewed 7 companies which have good perfornmance on the corporate greening, to look into what actions they took to promote the green values and change the employees¡¦behaviors in order to set up green corporate culture. We found the stronger the green values of the top management team, the more resources they invested to set up green corporate culture, and the more apparent on the atmosphere of the green corporate culture. Besides, in the aspect of industry difference, the company which is close to downstream value chain, belongs to new development industries, or with more capital, invested more to set up green corporate culture.

As the number of global problems is proliferating, the issue of sustainability is gaining increasing recognition. One of the most imperative aspects of sustainable development is environmental sustainability. Since multinational corporations are the main drivers of global economy, maintaining the balance between economic interests and the health of natural ecosystems would have been impossible without drastic transformation of organizational business practices. The focus of this paper is oriented at the corporate greening undertaken by companies in the country with a huge potential to influence the state of the world ecology: the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to gain deeper understanding of the motives of Russian firms to make their operations more environmentally sustainable and of the challenges embedded in the Russian setting that hinder that process. We test the relevance of factors discussed in the greening literature on the Russian context i.e. financial and market-based incentives, stakeholders’ pressure, regulatory setting and leadership perspective and ethical considerations. Within the data collected from 8 business leaders, it was found that the main motives to go “green” were the financial one and the ethical stance of the leaders. Additionally, companies were motivated to go “green” due to forecasts on the future development of the Russian market, i.e. explaining their “green” initiatives as a part of strategic planning programs. Among the main challenges mentioned by the study participants were weak environmental regulatory apparatus and low participation of the Russian civil society. The study concludes by putting forward recommendations of how to facilitate the corporate greening process in Russia stating that legislation should be solidified, transparency of the economy should be strengthened, market-based instruments shall be further developed and educational events for raising environmental awareness should be get wider application.

The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of national culture on corporate greening with specific focus on motivations that drive companies to respond to environmental issues and strategies that companies develop in this regard. The existing literature indicates that the research on motivational and strategic aspects of corporate greening is limited from cultural perspective. Thus, a qualitative study of Swedish and Belarusian companies was conducted to illustrate what induces firms to go green and to describe what environmental strategies are implemented by them. The analysis of received empirical data was concentrated on aligning national culture features with the motivations for environmental initiatives and relevant elements of green strategies. The findings demonstrate the connection between national culture and environmental strategy through green motivations. Finally, some implications for further research as well as practitioners are presented.

會展產業（又稱MICE）具有整合多方資源的特性，能為當地帶來可觀的經濟效益，因此有火車頭產業之稱。但近年來研究發現MICE對經濟、環境社會帶來許多負面衝擊，應該進行永續發展以降低風險。2012年，倫敦奧運採用國際標準ISO 20121永續活動管理系統後，國際上廣泛地討論該標準的發展可能改變MICE既有的商業模式，更能落實永續發展。 本研究問題為「台灣MICE產業如何透過使用ISO20121發展其永續活動？」本研究認為，MICE使用ISO20121之過程應該要瞭解到相關利害關係人之觀點，才能夠深入瞭解企業使用ISO 20121的決策因素。本研究以「經營需求」、「競爭需求」、「發展需求」三個觀點進行分析，發現目前台灣MICE因為缺乏完整發展的綠色供應鏈而對標準使用造成了阻礙。本研究建議，為了使MICE能夠發展永續活動管理，政府與企業領導人應該與「多方共同合作培養成功案例」、「提倡MICE的合法性」、「發展綠色供應鏈」、「提供獎勵誘因」等方式增強市場對於永續需求的強烈信號。 / With the integrated features of multiple resources, event industry (also known as MICE) could bring considerable economic benefits for the local economy. However, recent studies have found that MICE can also cause negative impacts on economic, social and environmental aspects. To reduce the risk, MICE industry should address the sustainable development as a solution. After adopting by the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympics Games, ISO 20121, the standard of sustainable event management, have been extensively discussed in global society, which was considered to change the existing business model in MICE industry. This study aims to answer research question, “how can ISO 20121 benefit the MICE industry in Taiwan to develop sustainable event service?” This research finds out identifying differnet perspectives of stakeholders clearly is crucial so as to understand the decision factors that affect the use of ISO 20121. By examining “business needs”, “completion needs” and “development needs” perspectives, this study discovers that the lack of well-established green supply chain can hold back the sustainable development in the MICE industry in Taiwan. In order to develop the sustainable event service in MICE industry, this study suggests that the government and business leaders should cooperate with different sectors to create successful case study, advocate the legality, establish green supply chain and provide incentives as strong signal to stimulate the demand of sustainability in MICE market.