This thesis shows the changes the new Basel III banking regulation from the original Basel II regulation in Czech and European legislation. The next section brings the results of foreign studies concerning the effect of changes in spreads on lending rates, gross domestic product and unemployment. These studies are based on various input data and assumptions. The practical part analyzes three selected Czech banks through scenarios and identifies possible impact of the new regulation in lending rates in 2012 - 2019th.

This work focuses on new regulatory proposals, primarily Basel III accords and analyzes its ability to create a buffer for recurrent credit bubbles. This paper follows a research made by Lis, Pagés and Saurina [2000]. Their paper has illustrated the cyclicality of loan growth and GDP growth for Spain. This cyclicality is supported by cyclical Basel II regulation. In this paper is examined the ability of new regulatory proposals such as Basel III, statistical provisions and change in the approach to the probability of default, to cope with recurrent credit bubbles. According to my critical assessment, Basel III may not be able to create sufficient capital buffer for exceptional credit bubbles such as the current one. This buffer suggested by Basel III has several drawbacks which may decrease its functionality. Statistical provision is not an appropriate measure either, because it could weaken the fair and true view of financial statements principle. Change in approach to probability of default seems to be rational and effective. The only issue may relate to its recovery mechanisms. It doesn't support economic growth in time of economic recession. The author's proposal of new countercyclical buffer, which would be based on credit-to-GDP ratio and GDP growth to loan growth gap is introduced at the end of this work. Although this measure may have negative impact on GDP growth, it may create an appropriate buffer to systematic credit risk.

A regulação e supervisão do sistema financeiro sempre foram motivos de apreensão por parte das principais autoridades econômicas mundiais. A globalização, o processo de liberalização financeira e a consequente interconexão econômica entre países maximizaram o risco sistêmico, aumentando a necessidade de marco regulatório e fiscalização mais eficientes. Assim, com a eclosão da crise norte-americana em 2008, o G-20 começou a atuar de forma mais ativa em prol da manutenção da higidez do sistema financeiro mundial. Para os bancos, o G-20 instruiu as principais instituições reguladoras como o Fundo Monetário Internacional, o Conselho de Estabilidade Financeira e o Comitê de Basileia (BCBS) a desenvolverem recomendações a fim de se solucionar o considerado principal problema da regulação dos mercados, o fato destes atualmente serem pró-cíclicos. Diante de tal cenário, em dezembro de 2009, o Comitê publicou um documento que considerou uma série de medidas a fim de solucionar tal problema, entre estas estava a inclusão do buffer de capital contracíclicodo novo marco regulatório proposto pelo Comitê, o Basileia III. O intuito do presente estudo é estudar esse buffer e analisar sua aplicabilidade no sistema bancário brasileiro e, porventura, sugerir metodologias alternativas de cálculo. / The regulation and supervision of the financial system have always been cause for concern on the part of major global economic authorities. Globalization, the process of financial liberalization and consequent economic interconnection between countries maximized systemic risk, increasing the need for a more efficient regulation. Thus, with the outbreak of the American crisis in 2008, the G-20 began to act more actively in favor of maintaining the health of the global financial system. For banks, the G-20 instructed the main regulatory institutions like the International Monetary Fund, the Financial Stability Board and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) to develop recommendations to be considered to solve the main problem of market regulation, the fact these currently being pro-cyclical. Faced with this scenario, in December 2009, the Committee published a document which considered a number of measures in order to solve this problem, among these was the inclusion of the counter-cyclical capital buffer of the new regulatory framework proposed by the Committee, the Basel III. The aim of this study is to study this buffer and analyze their applicability in the Brazilian banking system and perhaps suggest alternative methods of calculation.

A regulação e supervisão do sistema financeiro sempre foram motivos de apreensão por parte das principais autoridades econômicas mundiais. A globalização, o processo de liberalização financeira e a consequente interconexão econômica entre países maximizaram o risco sistêmico, aumentando a necessidade de marco regulatório e fiscalização mais eficientes. Assim, com a eclosão da crise norte-americana em 2008, o G-20 começou a atuar de forma mais ativa em prol da manutenção da higidez do sistema financeiro mundial. Para os bancos, o G-20 instruiu as principais instituições reguladoras como o Fundo Monetário Internacional, o Conselho de Estabilidade Financeira e o Comitê de Basileia (BCBS) a desenvolverem recomendações a fim de se solucionar o considerado principal problema da regulação dos mercados, o fato destes atualmente serem pró-cíclicos. Diante de tal cenário, em dezembro de 2009, o Comitê publicou um documento que considerou uma série de medidas a fim de solucionar tal problema, entre estas estava a inclusão do buffer de capital contracíclicodo novo marco regulatório proposto pelo Comitê, o Basileia III. O intuito do presente estudo é estudar esse buffer e analisar sua aplicabilidade no sistema bancário brasileiro e, porventura, sugerir metodologias alternativas de cálculo. / The regulation and supervision of the financial system have always been cause for concern on the part of major global economic authorities. Globalization, the process of financial liberalization and consequent economic interconnection between countries maximized systemic risk, increasing the need for a more efficient regulation. Thus, with the outbreak of the American crisis in 2008, the G-20 began to act more actively in favor of maintaining the health of the global financial system. For banks, the G-20 instructed the main regulatory institutions like the International Monetary Fund, the Financial Stability Board and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) to develop recommendations to be considered to solve the main problem of market regulation, the fact these currently being pro-cyclical. Faced with this scenario, in December 2009, the Committee published a document which considered a number of measures in order to solve this problem, among these was the inclusion of the counter-cyclical capital buffer of the new regulatory framework proposed by the Committee, the Basel III. The aim of this study is to study this buffer and analyze their applicability in the Brazilian banking system and perhaps suggest alternative methods of calculation.

Diploma thesis is focused on the issue of financial cycle. It has theoretical character and it is based on foreign sources. Diploma thesis describes the definition of financial cycle, its interactions with business cycle and moreover it explores sychronization of cycles. Furthermore financial cycle indicators and measures are analyzed. The reactions of macroprudential, fiscal and monetary policy are also discussed in the thesis. In particular, the attention is drawn to theoretical view on countercyclical buffer. The last part is devoted to the setting of countercyclical buffer in chosen european countries.