This paper empirically estimates the impact of the deposit insurance coverage changes on deposit levels and growth. The analysis is based on a Canadian dataset from a variety of sources. It covers quarterly data on deposits by province and by type of banking institution over the period of 1997-2011. During this period there were eight deposit insurance coverage changes. I employ a triple difference in difference estimation strategy to take advantage of changes in coverage levels between and within provinces. I find that in a year following a provincial regulator increases the deposit insurance coverage level to unlimited, credit unions in that province experience higher deposit levels than chartered banks in that province, and credit unions in provinces with lower deposit insurance coverage limits. I also find that during the 2008 financial crisis, credit unions in provinces with unlimited coverage had higher deposit levels. / Graduate

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of perceived service quality provided by banks on young adults’ perceptions of general societal and context-specific inequality, and negative emotions. Four laboratory experiments are designed and conducted to test these relationships. Results show increased context-specific inequality perceptions and negative affects on receiving lower quality service. Societal income inequality perceptions influenced preferences and recommendation likelihood for credit unions through attitudes towards them. A key role of knowledge about credit unions was found—whereby individuals with greater awareness provided more favorable evaluations for credit unions. Information received from friends was also trusted more than through ads. Theoretically, this research draws connections between literatures on service quality, social inequality, and information processing. Results found here have practical implications for both the functioning of banks as well as that of credit unions.

Credit unions are traditionally small, community-embedded and co-operatively-owned financial services organizations that developed to correct various market failures. Recent changes to regulatory policy in the financial services industry in Canada, coupled with advances in technology and urbanization of the population, have led to numerous mergers and consolidations among credit unions, particularly in Western Canada. This has the potential to undermine some of the historic benefits of CUs when compared to other financial services organizations, as it may require credit unions to begin to operate more like banks. My thesis provides a detailed examination of how senior leaders in one large Western Canadian credit union are handling these issues, and explores what the broader implications might be for policy and governance of credit unions in Canada. Using data collected through semi-structured interviews with top management and board members, this study provides insight into senior leaders’ perceptions of and responses to competing institutional logics in a credit union. Implications for policy, as well as decision-making surrounding co-operative governance, strategy, and structure will be discussed.

Nos diversos estudos sobre Arranjos Produtivos Locais desenvolvidos no país, constatamos que as empresas de pequeno porte apresentam grandes dificuldades em se articular com o sistema financeiro formal, restringindo sua capacidade inovativa e produtiva. Além deste fenômeno, observamos frágeis relações de ações conjuntas e de cooperação entre os diversos agentes econômicos, revelando baixo nível de capital social. No nosso entendimento, o atual estágio do cooperativismo de crédito apresenta condições para auxiliar a combater esses problemas, contribuindo para a sustentabilidade do arranjo produtivo. Este tipo de instituição financeira pode atuar como um Banco de Arranjo Produtivo, auxiliando o fomento do aglomerado, visto que sua principal característica é oferecer serviços financeiros com reduzidos custos de transação, devido à reduzida assimetria de informações proporcionada pela proximidade existente entre o agente financeiro e as pequenas unidades de produção. Acreditamos neste argumento porque o segmento cooperativista de crédito tem apresentado significativo crescimento qualitativo desde a promulgação da Constituição Federal vigente, constituindo-se em elemento importante no desenvolvimento econômico e social de regiões onde as cooperativas estão inseridas, proporcionando inclusão financeira, gerando emprego e renda, e auxiliando na redução de disparidades regionais. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o comportamento de uma cooperativa de crédito, constituída em 2004 e localizada no arranjo produtivo de confecções de bonés de Apucarana, município pertencente ao Estado do Paraná. Argumentamos que a inserção deste tipo de instituição financeira neste aglomerado produtivo fortalecerá o capital social, proporcionará benefícios econômicos e se constituirá numa opção viável para amenizar o gargalo financeiro das empresas de pequeno porte, impulsionando o desenvolvimento deste segmento empresarial e das localidades onde estão hospedadas. / In the diverse studies on developed Local Productive Arrangements in Brazil, we evidence that the small business companies present great difficulties in if articulating with the formal financial system, restricting its innovative and productive capacity. In our agreement, the current period of training of the cooperativism of credit presents conditions to assist to fight these problems contributing for the support of the productive arrangement. This type of financial institution can act as a cluster Bank, assisting the promotion of the accumulation, since its main characteristic is to offer financial services with reduced costs of transaction, due to reduced proportionate asymmetry of information for the existing proximity between the financial agent and the small units of production. We believe this argument because the segment has presented significant qualitative growth since the promulgation of the effective Federal Constitution, consisting in important element in the economic and social development of regions where the cooperatives are inserted, providing financial inclusion, generating job and income, and assisting in the reduction of regional inaqualities. In this context, the objective of this work is to analyze the behavior of a cooperativism of credit, consisting in 2004 and located in the productive arrangement of confections of caps of Apucarana, pertaining city to the State of the Paraná. We argue that the insertion of this type of financial institution in this productive accumulation will fortify the capital stock, will provide economic benefits and one will consist in a viable option to brighten up the financial pass of the small business companies, being stimulated the development of this enterprise segment and the localities where they are housed.

Employee engagement is the main topic of discussion among researchers and managers for over 24 years. Managing employee engagement is critical to the success of an organization, but 85% of manager's struggle with engaging employees. The purpose of this single case study was to explore employee engagement strategies that credit union managers use to increase productivity and organizational effectiveness. Expectancy theory was used to explore employee engagement, performance, and motivation of people in the workplace. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and observations with 6 credit union managers and company documents using thematic coding. Analysis of the data revealed that, among these credit union managers, effective communication, training and coaching, and rewards and recognition are management strategies required to improve employee engagement, productivity and organizational effectiveness. These findings may provide credit union managers with guidelines to measure and evaluate the effectiveness of engagement strategies to fit the culture of the credit union. The results of this study may provide credit union managers with guidelines on the causes of disengagement and how employee engagement could be improved within the organization. Researchers may consider conducting a multiple case study that include other credit unions within Louisiana to understand the similarities and differences between strategies used to engage employees. The results of this study may impact positive social change by improving the competitive environment of the credit union industry through engagement within community and society.

This organizational leadership thesis explored how becoming a learning organization could support Servus Credit Union's increased focus on sales to enhance the customer experience and adhered to the Royal Roads University Research Ethics Policy. An appreciative stance was applied within an action research methodology to enhance the understanding of what is involved in being a learning organization. Four interviews were conducted with external participants to learn from their experiences with learning organizations. An internal focus group was then conducted with Servus Credit Union District and Regional Managers to further explore what would be required to create an exceptional customer experience and to continuously improve. The following recommendations emerged from the research: involve employees in revitalizing the vision, mission, and values; integrate the vision, mission, and values into the performance management process; formalize a leadership development program; establish a cross-functional innovation team; and engage customers to understand their needs.

Nos diversos estudos sobre Arranjos Produtivos Locais desenvolvidos no país, constatamos que as empresas de pequeno porte apresentam grandes dificuldades em se articular com o sistema financeiro formal, restringindo sua capacidade inovativa e produtiva. Além deste fenômeno, observamos frágeis relações de ações conjuntas e de cooperação entre os diversos agentes econômicos, revelando baixo nível de capital social. No nosso entendimento, o atual estágio do cooperativismo de crédito apresenta condições para auxiliar a combater esses problemas, contribuindo para a sustentabilidade do arranjo produtivo. Este tipo de instituição financeira pode atuar como um Banco de Arranjo Produtivo, auxiliando o fomento do aglomerado, visto que sua principal característica é oferecer serviços financeiros com reduzidos custos de transação, devido à reduzida assimetria de informações proporcionada pela proximidade existente entre o agente financeiro e as pequenas unidades de produção. Acreditamos neste argumento porque o segmento cooperativista de crédito tem apresentado significativo crescimento qualitativo desde a promulgação da Constituição Federal vigente, constituindo-se em elemento importante no desenvolvimento econômico e social de regiões onde as cooperativas estão inseridas, proporcionando inclusão financeira, gerando emprego e renda, e auxiliando na redução de disparidades regionais. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o comportamento de uma cooperativa de crédito, constituída em 2004 e localizada no arranjo produtivo de confecções de bonés de Apucarana, município pertencente ao Estado do Paraná. Argumentamos que a inserção deste tipo de instituição financeira neste aglomerado produtivo fortalecerá o capital social, proporcionará benefícios econômicos e se constituirá numa opção viável para amenizar o gargalo financeiro das empresas de pequeno porte, impulsionando o desenvolvimento deste segmento empresarial e das localidades onde estão hospedadas. / In the diverse studies on developed Local Productive Arrangements in Brazil, we evidence that the small business companies present great difficulties in if articulating with the formal financial system, restricting its innovative and productive capacity. In our agreement, the current period of training of the cooperativism of credit presents conditions to assist to fight these problems contributing for the support of the productive arrangement. This type of financial institution can act as a cluster Bank, assisting the promotion of the accumulation, since its main characteristic is to offer financial services with reduced costs of transaction, due to reduced proportionate asymmetry of information for the existing proximity between the financial agent and the small units of production. We believe this argument because the segment has presented significant qualitative growth since the promulgation of the effective Federal Constitution, consisting in important element in the economic and social development of regions where the cooperatives are inserted, providing financial inclusion, generating job and income, and assisting in the reduction of regional inaqualities. In this context, the objective of this work is to analyze the behavior of a cooperativism of credit, consisting in 2004 and located in the productive arrangement of confections of caps of Apucarana, pertaining city to the State of the Paraná. We argue that the insertion of this type of financial institution in this productive accumulation will fortify the capital stock, will provide economic benefits and one will consist in a viable option to brighten up the financial pass of the small business companies, being stimulated the development of this enterprise segment and the localities where they are housed.

Nos diversos estudos sobre Arranjos Produtivos Locais desenvolvidos no país, constatamos que as empresas de pequeno porte apresentam grandes dificuldades em se articular com o sistema financeiro formal, restringindo sua capacidade inovativa e produtiva. Além deste fenômeno, observamos frágeis relações de ações conjuntas e de cooperação entre os diversos agentes econômicos, revelando baixo nível de capital social. No nosso entendimento, o atual estágio do cooperativismo de crédito apresenta condições para auxiliar a combater esses problemas, contribuindo para a sustentabilidade do arranjo produtivo. Este tipo de instituição financeira pode atuar como um Banco de Arranjo Produtivo, auxiliando o fomento do aglomerado, visto que sua principal característica é oferecer serviços financeiros com reduzidos custos de transação, devido à reduzida assimetria de informações proporcionada pela proximidade existente entre o agente financeiro e as pequenas unidades de produção. Acreditamos neste argumento porque o segmento cooperativista de crédito tem apresentado significativo crescimento qualitativo desde a promulgação da Constituição Federal vigente, constituindo-se em elemento importante no desenvolvimento econômico e social de regiões onde as cooperativas estão inseridas, proporcionando inclusão financeira, gerando emprego e renda, e auxiliando na redução de disparidades regionais. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o comportamento de uma cooperativa de crédito, constituída em 2004 e localizada no arranjo produtivo de confecções de bonés de Apucarana, município pertencente ao Estado do Paraná. Argumentamos que a inserção deste tipo de instituição financeira neste aglomerado produtivo fortalecerá o capital social, proporcionará benefícios econômicos e se constituirá numa opção viável para amenizar o gargalo financeiro das empresas de pequeno porte, impulsionando o desenvolvimento deste segmento empresarial e das localidades onde estão hospedadas. / In the diverse studies on developed Local Productive Arrangements in Brazil, we evidence that the small business companies present great difficulties in if articulating with the formal financial system, restricting its innovative and productive capacity. In our agreement, the current period of training of the cooperativism of credit presents conditions to assist to fight these problems contributing for the support of the productive arrangement. This type of financial institution can act as a cluster Bank, assisting the promotion of the accumulation, since its main characteristic is to offer financial services with reduced costs of transaction, due to reduced proportionate asymmetry of information for the existing proximity between the financial agent and the small units of production. We believe this argument because the segment has presented significant qualitative growth since the promulgation of the effective Federal Constitution, consisting in important element in the economic and social development of regions where the cooperatives are inserted, providing financial inclusion, generating job and income, and assisting in the reduction of regional inaqualities. In this context, the objective of this work is to analyze the behavior of a cooperativism of credit, consisting in 2004 and located in the productive arrangement of confections of caps of Apucarana, pertaining city to the State of the Paraná. We argue that the insertion of this type of financial institution in this productive accumulation will fortify the capital stock, will provide economic benefits and one will consist in a viable option to brighten up the financial pass of the small business companies, being stimulated the development of this enterprise segment and the localities where they are housed.

Credit unions have been gaining their popularity in a middle class population. This is mainly caused by higher interest rates on saving accounts and because of that credit unions are willing to lend money to riskier groups of borrowers. The popularity was increased also by setting the deposit insurace to the same level as for banks. The credit union sector went through a deep crisis in 90s. A stabilization was brought by legislative changes. The sector seems to by healthy but there are still negative factors. This thesis aims to analyze the current Czech credit union sector and shows its potencial problems.

Paskolų teikimas yra viena pagrindinių kredito unijų veiklos krypčių, o pagrindinė ir svarbiausia rizika su kuria jos susiduria yra būtent kredito rizika, todėl būtina ją detaliai analizuoti ir turėti patikimą šių aktyvų valdymo mechanizmą. Taip pat valdant, šią riziką, būtina atsižvelgti į socialinį kredito unijų aspektą. Darbo objektas – kredito rizikos valdymas. Darbo tikslas - išnagrinėti kredito unijų, kaip specifinių finansinių institucijų, veiklos ir kredito rizikos valdymo ypatumus. Pirmoje darbo dalyje nagrinėjami kredito unijų kredito rizikos valdymo ypatumai: analizuojama kooperatyvinių finansinių institucijų kreditavimo specifika bei kredito rizikos ypatybės būdingos kredito unijoms. Taip pat apžvelgiami kredito rizikos vertinimo principai ir pateikiami kredito rizikos valdymo metodai bei jų veikimo ypatybės. Antroje darbo dalyje analizuojama ir apibendrinama kredito rizikos valdymo kredito unijose praktika ir empiriniai tyrimai, apibūdinamos Lietuvos kredito unijų sektoriaus veiklos sąlygos ir formuojama kredito rizikos valdymo Lietuvos kredito unijose tyrimo metodika. Trečioje dalyje tiriami ir vertinami dviejų kredito unijų paskolų portfelio kokybės rodikliai, analizuojama paskolų portfelio koncentracija, remiantis atlikta analize formuojami efektyvūs Lietuvos kredito unijų investiciniai portfeliai, kaip kredito rizikos valdymo instrumentai. Pateikiami siūlymai geresniam kredito rizikos valdymo vystymui Lietuvos kredito unijose. Darbe prieita prie tokių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Lending is one of the main credit union activities, and the most important risks which they face to is credit risk, it is necessary to analyze it in detail and have a sound mechanism of these asset management. As well as the management, this risk is necessary to consider the social aspect of the credit union. The work item - credit risk management. The aim - to examine the operational and credit risk management features of credit union as a specific financial institutions. The first part of the study looked at the credit union theoretical credit risk management features: characterized by cooperative financial institutions lending and credit risk perception of the concept of inherent credit unions. It also reviews the credit risk assessment principles and provides credit risk management techniques and performance characteristics. Secound segment of the paper characterizes situation in Lithuanian credit unions sector and describes researches based on credit risk management in credit unions practice. There also is given research method of credit risk management in Lithuanian credit unions. The work led to the following main conclusions. Credit union is a lending institution which distinguished higher degree of confidence and a wider access to financial services. Profitability is not as much emphasis to be exposed to liberal lending policies, fulfilling the mission and goals. Credit risk assessment before issuing a loan is the most important step in credit risk management process... [to full text]