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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Correlação metabólica entre fungos endofíticos de amaryllidaceae e as plantas hospedeiras na busca por substâncias bioativas

SILVA, Suelen Mata da 30 June 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Cássio da Cruz Nogueira (cassionogueirakk@gmail.com) on 2017-01-26T13:50:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_CorrelacaoMetalobicaFungos.pdf: 2029628 bytes, checksum: 8feab0d533f4d04b3afb09538d403b20 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2017-01-27T13:25:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_CorrelacaoMetalobicaFungos.pdf: 2029628 bytes, checksum: 8feab0d533f4d04b3afb09538d403b20 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-27T13:25:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_CorrelacaoMetalobicaFungos.pdf: 2029628 bytes, checksum: 8feab0d533f4d04b3afb09538d403b20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-30 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Os fungos endofíticos são uma fonte promissora de metabólitos secundários com aplicações biotecnológicas. Esses micro-organismos habitam o interior dos tecidos vegetais sem causar nenhum dano ao hospedeiro e como fruto dessa interação podem produzir algumas das substâncias sintetizadas pelas plantas hospedeiras. Neste contexto o uso de fungos endofíticos como fonte de biomoléculas em substituição as de planta representa vantagens econômicas e ambientais. Espécies da família Amaryllidaceae produzem alcaloides e outros metabólitos com atividades biológicas. Entre estas espécies destacam-se Crinum americanum L. E Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. No entanto, não há dados sobre fungos endofíticos de espécies da família. Diante dos exposto o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o potencial biotecnológico de fungos endofíticos de C. americanum e H. littoralis em comparação com as plantas hospedeiras e estudar a interação entre endofíticos e a planta hospedeira. Como resultados foram isolados 94 fungos endofíticos das duas espécies de Amaryllidaceae investigadas, dos quais 49 foram identificados e pertencem aos gêneros Colettotrichum, Acremonium, Trichoderma e Fusarium. Constatou-se que do total das linhagens analisadas 56 apresentaram lipídios em seus extratos, 21 cumarinas, 29 anronas e 2 apresentaram alcaloides. Foram selecionadas 12 linhagens de fungos endofíticos que apresentaram os melhores resultados na detecção de classes de metabólitos e os extratos foram analisados por Cromatografia em Camada Delgada e por Cromatografia Gasosa acoplada a Espectrometria de Massas em comparação com os extratos metanólicos das plantas hospedeiras. Constatou-se a correlação ente as classes de metabólitos detectados nos extratos dos fungos endofíticos e das plantas hospedeiras, indicando que estes micro-organismos são capazes de produzir algumas das mesmas substâncias que as plantas hospedeiras e a avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana destacou alguns extratos com atividade contra Candida parapsilosis. O extrato metanólico das folhas de H. littoralis e do fungo endofítico MIBA 0796 apresentaram os resultados mais relevantes com percentual de inibição acima de 60% contra a levedura. Com o estudo da interação entre fungos endofíticos de C. americanum e a planta hospedeira pode-se constatar que os micro-organismos ocorrem no interior das células vegetais e em condições favoráveis se desenvolveram e ocuparam também os espaços intercelulares. Esta localização dos endofíticos nos tecidos vegetais pode facilitar a troca de material genético entre o vegetal e os micro-organismos o que explicaria a correlação metabólica constatada nesta pesquisa. / The endophytic fungi are a promising source of secondary metabolites with biotechnological applications. These microorganisms inhabit the interior of plant tissues without causing any damage to the host and as a result of this interaction can produce some of the substances synthesized by the host plant. In this context the use of endophytic fungi as a source of biomolecules in the replacement of plant represents economic and environmental advantages. Species in the Amaryllidaceae family produce alkaloids and other metabolites with biological activities. Among these species include Crinum americanum L. and Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. However, no data on endophytic fungi from species of the family were found. In the view of the above stated the aim of this work was to scrutinize the biotechnological potential of endophytes of C. americanum and H. littoralis as compared to host plants and to study the interactions between endophytes and host plant. As results 94 endophytic fungi were isolated from two species of the investigated Amaryllidaceae, of which 49 were identified and belonging to the Colettotrichum class, Acremonium, Trichoderma and Fusarium. It was noted that of the total strains tested 56 showed lipids in its extracts, 21coumarins, 29 anthrones and 2 showed alkaloids. 12 strains of endophytic fungi were selected which presented the best results in the detection of classes of metabolites and the extracts were analyzed by Thin-layer chromatography and by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in comparison with the methanolic extracts of host plants. It was noted the correlation between the classes of metabolites detected in extracts of the endophytic fungi and host plants, indicating that these micro-organisms are able to produce some of the same substances that the host plants and the assessment of antimicrobial activity highlighted some extracts with activity against Candida parapsilosis. The methanolic extract of leaves of H. littoralis and endophytic fungus MIBA 0796 presented the most relevant outcomes with percentage of inhibition above 60% against yeast. With the study of the interaction between C. americanum endophytes and the host plant it can observe that microorganisms act within the plant cells and in favorable conditions develop and occupy intercellular spaces as well. This location of the Endophytes in plant tissues may facilitate the exchange of genetic material between plants and microorganisms explaining how metabolic correlation found in this research.

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