No description available.

This dissertation presents an overview of Church- State relations in Mexico from 1924 to 1938. It examines the actions and motives of prominent national leaders, the papacy, the episcopate, and the Mexican citizenry to determine justification and culpability. This dissertation presents several conclusions. When Calles enforced the anticlerical provisions of the Constitution of 1917, the clergy withdrew from the churches in protest. The episcopate as a body bore a moral responsibility for the Cristero rebellion that resulted, but avoided implication in the movement. Because the Church's supporters were in the minority, that institution in 1929 accepted a settlement requiring clerical obedience to the constitution. Churchmen consoled their parishioners with the thought that the Church would rise again.

No description available.

Orientador: José Alves de Freitas Neto / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T07:58:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_CaioPedrosada_D.pdf: 7283480 bytes, checksum: 6bac580ba2d433d2dfdfef8b0eebc488 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Entre as décadas de 1910-1940, diversos sacerdotes católicos foram fuzilados por tropas revolucionárias mexicanas. Alguns desses personagens foram constantemente lembrados nas décadas posteriores como mártires da "perseguição religiosa". O mais conhecido dos mártires foi o sacerdote jesuíta Miguel Agustín Pro (padre Pro), que terminou fuzilado em 1927 na capital mexicana. A história do padre Pro foi escrita em diferentes contextos como forma de afirmar o lugar do catolicismo na nação mexicana, porém esse lugar não era, de forma alguma, ponto pacífico entre aqueles que se definiam como católicos. O presente trabalho analisa a história dos textos sobre os mártires católicos ¿ em especial o padre Pro ¿ pensando na maneira como eles forneciam uma visão católica para o período revolucionário que contrastava com as construções narrativas que enalteciam a revolução. A elaboração de uma narrativa da Igreja como mártir para o período revolucionário mexicano, realizada entre 1927 e 1960, serviu como antídoto para as narrativas pátrias produzidas por liberais e revolucionários que marginalizavam a importância da Igreja católica na formação nacional, ou mesmo apresentavam-se como abertamente anticlericais / Abstract: Between the decades of 1910-1940, a number of Catholic priests were executed by Mexican revolutionary troops. Quite often, these characters were reminded in the following decades as martyrs of the "religious persecution". The best known of this martyrs was the Jesuit priest Miguel Agustín Pro (padre Pro), killed in front of a firing squad in Mexico City in 1927. Catholics wrote the history/story of padre Pro in different contexts as a way of defining the place of Catholicism in the formation of Mexico as a country. However, this place was not taken for granted among those who defined themselves as Catholics. This dissertation examines the history of the texts about the Catholic martyrs - especially padre Pro - aiming to discuss how they provided a Catholic vision for the revolutionary period that contrasted to the narrative built to praise the revolution. The development, between 1927 and 1960, of a narrative of the Church as a martyr in the Mexican revolutionary period served as an antidote to the narrative produced by liberal and revolutionary authors that marginalized the importance of the Catholic Church in the national formation, or that even presented themselves as openly anti-clerical / Doutorado / Politica, Memoria e Cidade / Doutor em História

This thesis explored a regional comparison of education in post-revolutionary Mexico. It involved a micro-look into the relationship between violence, education, religion, and politics in the states of Durango and Jalisco. Research methods included primary sources and microfilms from the National Archives State Department records related to education from the internal affairs of Mexico from 1930-1939 from collection file M1370. It also utilized G-2 United States Military Intelligence reports as well as records from the British National Archives dealing with church and state relations in Mexico from 1920-1939. Anti - clericalism in the 1920’s led to violent backlash in rural regions of Durango and Jalisco called the Cristero rebellion. A second phase of the Cristero rebellion began in the 1930s, which was aimed at ending state-led revolutionary secular education and preserving the folk Catholic education system. There existed a unique ritualized culture of violence for both states. Violence against state-led revolutionary secular educators was prevalent at the primary and secondary education levels in Durango and Jalisco. Priests served as both religious leaders and rebel activists. At the higher education level there existed a split of the University of Guadalajara but no violence against educators. There existed four competing factions involved in this intellectual battle: communists followed Marx, anarchistic autonomous communists, urban folk modern Catholics, and student groups who sought reunion of the original university. This thesis described how these two states and how they experienced their unique culture of violence during the 1930s. It suggested a new chronology of the Cristero rebellion. This comparison between two regions within the broader context of the country and its experiences during the 1930s allowed for analysis in regards to education, rebellion, religion, and politics.