The topic of investigation of this thesis concerns a co-extensive analysis of Crete and Anatolia from the beginning of the Early Holocene (ca. 10,000 BCE) to the start of the Bronze Age (ca. 3000 BCE), with a select analysis of other locales in the Aegean, Levant, and eastern Mediterranean for comparative purposes. It has been long supposed in scholarship that the Neolithic on Crete (and, by extension, the Aegean) is of Anatolian extraction, but the claim has hitherto remained un-investigated systematically. Recent DNA studies have bolstered these suppositions, thus providing an appropriate opportunity for more detailed investigation via the archaeological evidence. / The aim of the thesis is two-fold. First, I aim to provide a systematic account of the archaeological evidence from various locales which has the potential to elucidate, materially, any affinities the Aegean and Anatolian locales may have shared throughout the aforementioned period of time. However, more detail will be devoted to phases in which Crete is supposed to have been subject to influx of settlers (early 7th millennium BCE, and late 4th millennium BCE). I shall examine elements such as pottery, chipped stone, settlement patterns, and hypothetical population movements in order to construct a picture of the dynamics in the respective periods. / The archaeological evidence will thus form a platform upon which I shall engage in a discussion using theoretical perspectives drawn from anthropological and sociological theory to answer questions about human comportment, and intentionality with regards to settlement patterns, material culture variation, and movement. Thus, I shall use the archaeological evidence to put forward a series of meaningful assumptions about social structures, people’s outlooks on the environments which they inhabited and experienced, and the motivations and reasons for particular changes. As a result, parts of the thesis will have a heuristic character, but it is hoped that such an approach will foster the capacity for debate in order to enhance the understanding of the dynamics spanning the geographies of the Aegean and Anatolia.

The topic of investigation of this thesis concerns a co-extensive analysis of Crete and Anatolia from the beginning of the Early Holocene (ca. 10,000 BCE) to the start of the Bronze Age (ca. 3000 BCE), with a select analysis of other locales in the Aegean, Levant, and eastern Mediterranean for comparative purposes. It has been long supposed in scholarship that the Neolithic on Crete (and, by extension, the Aegean) is of Anatolian extraction, but the claim has hitherto remained un-investigated systematically. Recent DNA studies have bolstered these suppositions, thus providing an appropriate opportunity for more detailed investigation via the archaeological evidence. / The aim of the thesis is two-fold. First, I aim to provide a systematic account of the archaeological evidence from various locales which has the potential to elucidate, materially, any affinities the Aegean and Anatolian locales may have shared throughout the aforementioned period of time. However, more detail will be devoted to phases in which Crete is supposed to have been subject to influx of settlers (early 7th millennium BCE, and late 4th millennium BCE). I shall examine elements such as pottery, chipped stone, settlement patterns, and hypothetical population movements in order to construct a picture of the dynamics in the respective periods. / The archaeological evidence will thus form a platform upon which I shall engage in a discussion using theoretical perspectives drawn from anthropological and sociological theory to answer questions about human comportment, and intentionality with regards to settlement patterns, material culture variation, and movement. Thus, I shall use the archaeological evidence to put forward a series of meaningful assumptions about social structures, people’s outlooks on the environments which they inhabited and experienced, and the motivations and reasons for particular changes. As a result, parts of the thesis will have a heuristic character, but it is hoped that such an approach will foster the capacity for debate in order to enhance the understanding of the dynamics spanning the geographies of the Aegean and Anatolia.

The present study focuses on 24 personal narratives told by eight highly proficient bilingual L1-Russian, L2-English speakers (NRS) in comparison to 24 personal narratives told by eight native English speakers (NES) in an effort to not only discover any structural differences that may be revealed through statistical analysis, but also to discover evidence of previously documented Russian and American cultural schema in the narratives through qualitative inquiry and narrative analysis. Although much has been written concerning Russian culture, cross-linguistic differences between Russian and English, and Russian English language learners these concepts have never been synthesized and applied to a study of Russian-English bilingual narratives in English in order to discover if the cultural schema and linguistic tendencies from L1 are maintained in the second language. The statistical structural analysis included in this study did not reveal any differences between the NES and NRS narratives. On the other hand qualitative analysis of cultural schemas revealed significant transfer of Russian cultural schema in the Native Russian Speaker participants' L2 narrative production. The Russian speakers were found to maintain their distinctly Russian emotional expression. Influence of cultural schema on L2 production was also visible in the thematic differences between the two sets of stories. The NES responses to each prompt were thematically quite similar, and differed noticeably from the themes of the NRS stories. Similarly, Hofstede's dimensions of national culture also revealed some differences between the two groups. However, theRussian cultural schema proposed by Croft, triplicity, was not found to be moreprominent in the NRS narratives than in the NES ones. In conclusion, the Native Russian Speakers in this study showed significant transfer of their L1 cultural schema when speaking their L2. The findings of this study have revealed the high likelihood of influence and transfer of cultural schema, even when bilingual English language speakers have achieved a very high level of English language mastery. However, this cultural influence on L2 production does not impinge on competence of bilingual speakers when speaking English.

Contrairement aux autres sports collectifs introduits en France dans la seconde moitié du XIXème siècle, le handball prend son essor en France durant l’entre-deux-guerres. Passant d’une pratique d’entraînement hivernal des athlètes, à une pratique professionnelle au début du XXIe siècle, notre objet de recherche cherche à expliquer les processus d’intégration et de diffusion de cette pratique en France, tant sur le plan géopolitique que technico-tactique. À partir d’une diversité de sources, (archives institutionnelles, témoignages de 25 acteurs, coupures de presse et périodiques handballistiques), trois perspectives sont envisagées (institutionnelle, sociale et culturelle), identifiant quatre étapes dans la construction du handball français. Après une première phase d’importation, grâce à deux vecteurs de diffusion principaux, le sport ouvrier et le sport scolaire, se situant à des échelles et des vitesses différentes, la FFHB est créée par le régime de Vichy, associé à quelques professeurs d’EP conquis par cette nouvelle activité de football à la main qui se pratique alors à 7 ou 11 joueurs. Puis, lorsque le handball à 7 devient majoritaire, sa représentation culturelle se transforme, passant d’une somme de techniques individuelles à maîtriser à la nécessité de prendre en considération les adversaires et les partenaires. Cette révolution est largement soutenue par la DTN dans les années 1960 et 1970, en lien avec les considérations scientifiques présentes en France et à l’étranger, pendant que Nelson Paillou conçoit la massification des licenciés et la structuration du système fédéral selon une logique amateur. La chute du bloc de l’Est et le choix des dirigeants et entraîneurs fédéraux, de privilégier le haut niveau contribuent aux premiers succès français tout en ouvrant l’ère de la marchandisation et de la spectacularisation à partir des années 1990. Néanmoins, à l’aube du XXIe siècle, le handball finit par s’abstraire des modèles étrangers et rejoint le développement des autres sports collectifs en professionnalisant ses structures et ses acteurs. / Unlike the other team sports brought to France in the second half of the 19th century, handball thrived in France between the First and the Second World Wars. It has moved since then from a winter training practice to become a professional activity at the beginning of the 21st century. The objective of our research is to explain the integration and propagation processes of this sport, with geopolitical as well as technical and tactical considerations. A variety of sources have been investigated – institutional archives, testimonies of 25 stakeholders, press articles, periodicals about handball – with regards to three axis – institutional, social and cultural – ; four stages have been identified in the development of handball in France. The first phase is the importation of handball through two dissemination vectors that have different scales and paces: the sport of the working class and school sport. The Vichy government creates the FFHB, which is associated to a few Physical Education teachers that are captivated by this new activity – football played with hands in teams of 7 or 11 players. Then, when the handball is mainly played in teams of 7, its cultural representation changes: it goes from a superposition of individual technics to the need of taking into consideration teammates and opponents. This revolution is supported by the national technical direction in the 1960’s and 1970’s and is linked to the scientific thoughts in France and abroad ; meanwhile, Nelson Paillou makes handball available to the masses and structures the federal system with the objective to promote non professional handball. With the collapse of the communist bloc, federal managers and trainers choose to favour high-level sport and contribute to the first French successes. From the 1990’s, they also start developing the commercial aspect and the spectacle aspect of the sport. However, at the dawn of the 21st century, handball finally moves away from international models and follows the development of the other team sports with a more professional structure and stakeholders.

La maison d’édition et de librairie Treuttel & Würtz a joué un rôle décisif dans les échanges internationaux au tournant des XVIIIe / XIXe siècles. c étaient non seulement les éditeurs de B. Constant, J. W. Goethe et G. de Staël, mais aussi les fournisseurs des grandes bibliothèques européennes en publications venant de l’étranger (p. ex. les bibliothèques royales à Paris, Berlin et Londres, la bibliothèque du marquis de Paulmy, celle de Weimar et celle de l’université de Göttingen). L’essor de la maison est lié à la nouvelle conception de l’image du libraire à Strasbourg à l’époque des Lumières : il est le médiateur entre l’auteur et le public, et entre les différentes cultures entre lesquelles il anime un marché du livre transnational. D’origine strasbourgeoise et avec des établissements à Strasbourg, Paris et Londres, les dirigeants de Treuttel & Würtz répondent pleinement à ce modèle. La valorisation du livre et de son contenu, et la relation étroite entretenue avec l’élite culturelle et politique de l’époque, leur ont permis de bénéficier de privilèges extraordinaires, dont une licence de commerce avec l’Angleterre sous l’Empire, et un intéressement dans la création de nouvelles bibliothèques publiques. Par leur intégration aux élites de l’université et de la culture, ils ont pu encourager les discours littéraires transculturels, et la naissance des philologies modernes. Cette thèse est conçue dans une perspective interdisciplinaire : elle articule l’histoire du livre, l’histoire transnationale et l’histoire des transferts avec l’histoire littéraire, et elle ouvre la monographie d’une maison d’édition vers un tableau socioculturel de l’Europe autour de 1800. / The international bookselling company Treuttel & Würtz played a crucial role in intercultural exchange. It has not only published numerous authors of the French Académie française, and other important writers such as J. W. Goethe or G. de Staël, but also supplied foreign books to prestigious libraries (for example the Royal Libraries in France, Prussia and Great Britain or the Bodleian Library in Oxford). Establishing close ties with the political and cultural elites of the time, the company benefited from unique privileges such as a trade license with the United Kingdom during Napoléon’s continental system. Originally from Strasbourg and perfectly bilingual, the founders continuously expanded the company: in addition to the already existing branch in Strasbourg, they opened a second one in Paris in 1796, and a third in London in 1817. The partners considered the international exchange as their personal vocation and used the medium of the book to materialize their commitment. In this sense, they also devoted their publishing house to the service of the exchange of social and political ideas, literature, and philosophy. Treuttel and Würtz’s commitment to the transnational literary discourse ultimately also influenced the formation of new academic fields around 1800 such as the modern philologies. This thesis builds on an interdisciplinary perspective by combining the French tradition of Book History, with transnational approaches, Cultural Transfer and Romance Studies.

No description available.

Traditional histories of Canadian education pursue an east/west perspective, with progress accompanying settlement westward from Ontario. This history of Saskatchewan education posits, instead, a north-south perspective, embracing the US cultural routes for the province’s educational development from 1905 until 1937. I emphasize the transplantation of US Midwestern and Plains culture to the province of Saskatchewan through cultural transfer of agrarian movements, political forms of revolt, and through adopting shared meanings of democracy and the relationship of the West relative to the East. Physiographic similarities between Saskatchewan and the American Plains fostered similar moralistic political cultures and largely identical solutions to identical problems. This larger cultural transfer facilitated developments in Saskatchewan K-12 education that paralleled movements in the US milieu through appropriating into the province’s system of schooling American teachers into classrooms, American school textbooks, teacher training textbooks written in the US, and through the pursuit of American graduate training by Saskatchewan Normal School instructors. This resulted in the articulation in the US and Saskatchewan of a “rural school problem,” consolidation as its only solution, and the transplantation of a language of school reform identified by Herbert Kliebard as “social efficiency.” The invitation issued by the government of Saskatchewan in 1917 to an American expert on rural schooling, Harold Foght, to survey the province’s system of schooling and make recommendations for its reform, marked a high point in American influence in the province of Saskatchewan’s system of schooling. In higher education the province’s sole university, the University of Saskatchewan, mirrored even more closely American Midwestern and Plains models. Essentially, the U of S was a transplanted version of the University of Wisconsin. Under the guidance of the University’s first President, Walter C. Murray, the “Wisconsin idea” permeated the practice and meaning of his University. His persistent pursuit of Carnegie Foundation financial support throughout his tenure meant Murray had to pattern his university after its American antecedents. Though Murray largely failed to gain substantial financial support for the U of S, the result was a university identical to many American land grant and public universities.

Esta tese de doutorado tem por objetivo principal analisar o conjunto da produção ensaística de Manuel Antônio Álvares de Azevedo (1831-1852), composta por Literatura e civilização em Portugal; Lucano; Alfredo de Musset: Jacques Rolla e George Sand: Aldo o rimador. A pesquisa elenca as principais questões levantadas pelo autor enquanto crítico literário e delineia as polêmicas em que cada um desses quatro ensaios se insere. Simultaneamente, a análise identifica as características formais e estilísticas desses textos, nos quais pode se perceber um elemento recorrente que os unifica: a prática da citação. O levantamento daquilo que é citado por Álvares de Azevedo em seus ensaios permite relacioná-los a um importante conjunto de textos, na maior parte das vezes de origem internacional, composto por jornais, revistas, livros e manuais de literatura que se encontravam em circulação no Brasil do século XIX. A investigação sistemática do vasto material compulsado por Álvares de Azevedo evidencia o papel de destaque conferido à Revue des deux mondes, indubitavelmente uma de suas principais fontes bibliográficas, nas páginas da qual ele teve contato com um aparato crítico-teórico proveniente dos estudos de literaturas estrangeiras, em voga na França a partir de 1830. A visada cosmopolita que norteia os artigos de escritores como Jean-Jacques Ampère, Xavier Marmier e Edgar Quinet, ajudou o poeta brasileiro a moldar seu ponto de vista crítico. Embasados na pesquisa filológica, os trabalhos produzidos por esses estudiosos franceses de literaturas estrangeiras sugerem inúmeras ramificações entre as culturas partícipes do tronco indo-europeu e parecem ter fornecido um instrumento teórico importante para que Álvares de Azevedo equacionasse sua posição particular frente ao problema nuclear da crítica romântica do seu tempo: refutando a tese hegemônica, que defendia a autonomia da literatura brasileira frente à portuguesa, o autor da Lira dos vinte anos, de uma perspectiva internacionalista, defendia a unidade das duas literaturas e a relação da produção poética local com o rico patrimônio legado pela tradição ocidental. O diálogo com o periodismo do século XIX, sobretudo com os artigos de literaturas estrangeiras, precursores dos estudos de literatura comparada, permite colocar o debate proposto por Álvares de Azevedo no panorama mais amplo das discussões que se desenrolavam internacionalmente e ajudam a compreender o seu anseio de que as letras locais também participassem de um movimento de circulação cultural entrevisto por ele nas obras das literaturas matriciais analisadas em seus ensaios. Esta tese de doutorado dá continuidade a uma investigação iniciada no mestrado, dedicado ao estudo dos prefácios e cartas em que Álvares de Azevedo refletiu sobre sua produção poética e ficcional. / This doctoral thesis aims to analyse the essay production set of Manuel Antônio Álvares de Azevedo (1831-1852), made up of Literatura e civilização em Portugal; Lucano; Alfredo de Musset: Jacques Rolla and George Sand: Aldo o rimador. The study compiles the main questions raised by the author as a literary reviewer and delineates the polemics in which each one of those four essays gets engaged. Simultaneously, the analysis identifies the formal and stylistic characteristics of those texts, in which it can be noticed a recurrent element that unifies them: the quotation practice. The gathering of the quotations done by Álvares de Azevedo on his essays allows us to relate them to another set of texts, mostly of international origin, comprised of newspapers, magazines, books and literature manuals that were circulating in the XIX century Brazil. The systematic investigation of the extensive material consulted by Álvares de Azevedo brings to light the important role of Revue des deux mondes, undoubtedly one of his main bibliographic sources, in which he had contact with the theoretical and critical apparatus of foreign literature, in vogue in France since 1830. The cosmopolitan view that guides the articles of the writers such as Jean-Jacques Ampère, Xavier Marmier e Edgar Quinet, helped the Brazilian poet to shape his critical viewpoint. Based on philological research, the works done by those French experts of foreign literature suggest innumerous ramifications among the participant cultures of the indo-european root and seem to have provided an important theoretical tool so that Álvares de Azevedo could equationate his own position related to the nuclear problem of the contemporaneous romantic review: refuting the hegemonic thesis, that defended the autonomy of the Brazilian literature from the Portuguese literature, the author of the Lira dos vinte anos, from an internationalist perspective, stood up for the union of both literatures and for the relation of the local poetic production to the rich heritage of the western tradition. The dialogue with the journalism of the XIX century, mainly with the foreign literature articles, ancestors of the comparative literature, allows to place the debate proposed by Álvares de Azevedo on the wider panorama of the international discussions and helps to understand his yearning for the participation of the local literature on the cultural circulation movement glimpsed by him on the works of matric literature analysed on his essays. This doctoral thesis continues an investigation initiated in the Master´s degree, dedicated to the study of the prefaces and the letters in which Álvares de Azevedo reflected on his poetic and fictional production.

Esta tese de doutorado tem por objetivo principal analisar o conjunto da produção ensaística de Manuel Antônio Álvares de Azevedo (1831-1852), composta por Literatura e civilização em Portugal; Lucano; Alfredo de Musset: Jacques Rolla e George Sand: Aldo o rimador. A pesquisa elenca as principais questões levantadas pelo autor enquanto crítico literário e delineia as polêmicas em que cada um desses quatro ensaios se insere. Simultaneamente, a análise identifica as características formais e estilísticas desses textos, nos quais pode se perceber um elemento recorrente que os unifica: a prática da citação. O levantamento daquilo que é citado por Álvares de Azevedo em seus ensaios permite relacioná-los a um importante conjunto de textos, na maior parte das vezes de origem internacional, composto por jornais, revistas, livros e manuais de literatura que se encontravam em circulação no Brasil do século XIX. A investigação sistemática do vasto material compulsado por Álvares de Azevedo evidencia o papel de destaque conferido à Revue des deux mondes, indubitavelmente uma de suas principais fontes bibliográficas, nas páginas da qual ele teve contato com um aparato crítico-teórico proveniente dos estudos de literaturas estrangeiras, em voga na França a partir de 1830. A visada cosmopolita que norteia os artigos de escritores como Jean-Jacques Ampère, Xavier Marmier e Edgar Quinet, ajudou o poeta brasileiro a moldar seu ponto de vista crítico. Embasados na pesquisa filológica, os trabalhos produzidos por esses estudiosos franceses de literaturas estrangeiras sugerem inúmeras ramificações entre as culturas partícipes do tronco indo-europeu e parecem ter fornecido um instrumento teórico importante para que Álvares de Azevedo equacionasse sua posição particular frente ao problema nuclear da crítica romântica do seu tempo: refutando a tese hegemônica, que defendia a autonomia da literatura brasileira frente à portuguesa, o autor da Lira dos vinte anos, de uma perspectiva internacionalista, defendia a unidade das duas literaturas e a relação da produção poética local com o rico patrimônio legado pela tradição ocidental. O diálogo com o periodismo do século XIX, sobretudo com os artigos de literaturas estrangeiras, precursores dos estudos de literatura comparada, permite colocar o debate proposto por Álvares de Azevedo no panorama mais amplo das discussões que se desenrolavam internacionalmente e ajudam a compreender o seu anseio de que as letras locais também participassem de um movimento de circulação cultural entrevisto por ele nas obras das literaturas matriciais analisadas em seus ensaios. Esta tese de doutorado dá continuidade a uma investigação iniciada no mestrado, dedicado ao estudo dos prefácios e cartas em que Álvares de Azevedo refletiu sobre sua produção poética e ficcional. / This doctoral thesis aims to analyse the essay production set of Manuel Antônio Álvares de Azevedo (1831-1852), made up of Literatura e civilização em Portugal; Lucano; Alfredo de Musset: Jacques Rolla and George Sand: Aldo o rimador. The study compiles the main questions raised by the author as a literary reviewer and delineates the polemics in which each one of those four essays gets engaged. Simultaneously, the analysis identifies the formal and stylistic characteristics of those texts, in which it can be noticed a recurrent element that unifies them: the quotation practice. The gathering of the quotations done by Álvares de Azevedo on his essays allows us to relate them to another set of texts, mostly of international origin, comprised of newspapers, magazines, books and literature manuals that were circulating in the XIX century Brazil. The systematic investigation of the extensive material consulted by Álvares de Azevedo brings to light the important role of Revue des deux mondes, undoubtedly one of his main bibliographic sources, in which he had contact with the theoretical and critical apparatus of foreign literature, in vogue in France since 1830. The cosmopolitan view that guides the articles of the writers such as Jean-Jacques Ampère, Xavier Marmier e Edgar Quinet, helped the Brazilian poet to shape his critical viewpoint. Based on philological research, the works done by those French experts of foreign literature suggest innumerous ramifications among the participant cultures of the indo-european root and seem to have provided an important theoretical tool so that Álvares de Azevedo could equationate his own position related to the nuclear problem of the contemporaneous romantic review: refuting the hegemonic thesis, that defended the autonomy of the Brazilian literature from the Portuguese literature, the author of the Lira dos vinte anos, from an internationalist perspective, stood up for the union of both literatures and for the relation of the local poetic production to the rich heritage of the western tradition. The dialogue with the journalism of the XIX century, mainly with the foreign literature articles, ancestors of the comparative literature, allows to place the debate proposed by Álvares de Azevedo on the wider panorama of the international discussions and helps to understand his yearning for the participation of the local literature on the cultural circulation movement glimpsed by him on the works of matric literature analysed on his essays. This doctoral thesis continues an investigation initiated in the Master´s degree, dedicated to the study of the prefaces and the letters in which Álvares de Azevedo reflected on his poetic and fictional production.

Planning has lent legitimacy to the development of society through the application of different theories and practices. With its embodied concepts and values, planning influences the direction of change that a society may achieve. Given the great role that planning plays in shaping societies over long periods of time, in situations where it is planning knowledge that is subject to travel between nations, consideration of the context specificity is particularity essential. This thesis deals with the complex process of transferring collaborative planning knowledge to a different institutional and cultural context. The research adopts a proactive approach, examining the practical and theoretical potential imbued in a new context. It is argued, in this work, that an exogenous planning model has to be re-contextualized and landed in a new context through its assimilation with that context’s history and cultural values. The research focuses on Egypt and is directed towards understanding the specificities of the Egyptian institutional context and the cultural values inherited from the history of Egyptian society. The author’s interest lies in addressing the ways in which such an understanding can contribute to the development of collaborative planning knowledge. The research strategy is designed with reference to the cross-cultural transfer of knowledge and the study utilises an action research approach through which the author plays the dual role of practitioner and action researcher. Implementing collaborative planning in the Egyptian urban context of the city of Zifta provided a valuable opportunity to understand how planning knowledge may be transferred between different cultural contexts. The intellectual foundations for the collaborative principle is scrutinised, and complemented by an examination of Egyptian social philosophy. A conceptual framework for the joint development of knowledge in cross-cultural planning research is put forward, which derives from a combination of the practical and theoretical investigations carried out. / <p>QC 20121003</p>