<p> This ethnographic study looks at the development and practice of cultural citizenship among ten Mexican undocumented immigrant students at a Southern California university. Amid societal and governmental institutions such as immigration seeking to regulate citizen membership, undocumented students find a sense of belonging and incorporation through educational pathways. Not legally citizens, undocumented students encounter many obstacles to obtaining their degrees.</p><p> Consequently, students must "come out'' of the shadows to institutional gatekeepers and each other in order to access resources and public space. Through the process of coming out, undocumented students leave their liminal, undocumented status behind. Instead, they become citizens as social actors, seeking not only to participate in society--but reshape it. In this narrative, the ways undocumented students explore citizenship, "come out," and contest their status through everyday practices are examined. In developing alternative solutions to citizen-normative practices that seek to exclude the undocumented, the students are able to claim rights and space in their everyday lives and on a university campus.</p>

Die vorliegende Arbeit vergleicht die Filmförderungssysteme auf Bundesebene in Deutschland und Brasilien. Dia Analyse der gegenwärtigen normativen Strukturen in beiden Ländern umfasst vier Kernpunkte: i - die in den Rechtsinstrumenten zum Ausdruck gebrachten Ziele; ii- die Funktionsweise und Organisationsstruktur der Förderinstitutionen; iii - die Maßnahmen zur Finanzierung der verschiedenen Bereiche der Filmwirtschaft; iv - die rechtlichen Kriterien für die Gewährung von Finanzmittel. Solche Punkte werden als Bestandteile eines Systems von Rechtsnormen verstanden, durch das der Staat das einheimische Kino in beiden Ländern fördert und schützt. Die vergleichende Analyse des deutschen und brasilianischen Rechtssystems berücksichtigt die drei grundlegenden Aspekte eines Films: wirtschaftlich, kulturell und medial. Unterschiede zwischen deutschem und brasilianischem Föderalismus werden ebenfalls berücksichtigt. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, zu untersuchen, inwieweit Ziele, Institutionen, Förderarten und Kriterien rechtlich miteinander vereinbar sind und ob die Rechtsstruktur der derzeitigen Filmförderungssysteme den deutschen und den brasilianischen Staaten dazu bringen kann, ihre legalen Zwecke zu erreichen. / The present work compares the cinema incentive systems at the federal level in Germany and Brazil. The analysis of the current normative structures in both countries covers four key points: i- the objectives expressed in the legal instruments; ii- the mode of operation and organizational structure of the incentive institutions; iii- the types of measures adopted to finance the different areas of the cinema economy; iv- the criteria adopted for granting incentives. Such points are understood as components of a system of legal norms through which the State promotes and protects national cinema in both countries. The comparative analysis of the German and Brazilian legal systems takes into account the three fundamental aspects of cinema: economic, cultural and media. Differences between German federalism and Brazilian federalism are also considered. The objective of this work is to investigate to what extent objectives, institutions, types of incentives and criteria are legally compatible with each other and if the legal structure of the current cinema incentive systems can lead the German and Brazilian states to reach their legal purposes. / O presente trabalho compara os sistemas de incentivo ao cinema em nível federal na Alemanha e no Brasil. A compreensão das atuais estruturas normativas em ambos os países abrange quatro pontos-chave: i- os objetivos expressos nos instrumentos legais; ii- o modo de funcionamento e estrutura organizacional das instituições de incentivo; iii- os tipos de medidas adotadas para o financiamento das diversas áreas da economia do cinema; iv- os critérios adotados para concessão de incentivo. Tais pontos são compreendidos como componentes de um sistema de normas jurídicas por meio das quais o Estado promove e protege o cinema nacional nos dois países. A análise comparativa dos ordenamentos jurídicos alemão e brasileiro leva em conta os três aspectos fundamentais do cinema: econômico, cultural e midiático. Também são consideradas as diferenças entre o federalismo alemão e o federalismo brasileiro. O objetivo desse trabalho é investigar em que medida objetivos, instituições, tipos de incentivo e critérios são juridicamente compatíveis uns com os outros e se a estrutura jurídica dos atuais sistemas de incentivo ao cinema pode conduzir os Estados alemão e brasileiro ao alcance de seus propósitos legais.