Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (doctoral) - Freie Universität, Berlin, 2004. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Potsdam, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [471]-505) and index.

This thesis explores the roles that medicine, human rights discourse, and the arts play in the project to improve the lives of patients suffering from severe forms of mental illness in the context of the post-socialist transformation of the Czech Republic. It is a study of the ways in which social solidarity and social exclusion intersect in the spaces of mental illness in a particular historical setting, and how the responsibility for care is negotiated between families, communities, the medical profession, and the state. The first part of the thesis focuses on the proposed reform of care for patients with severe mental illness that was put forward in the two decades after 1989. I examine the origins and aims of the attempted institutional change – the ‘humanization of psychiatry’ – in the context of the influential Charter 77 movement which demanded respect for the rights of those who are unable to claim them for themselves. I also trace how the re-establishment of a civil society that owed much to the concept of ‘apolitical politics’ and the process of the reintegration of Czech Republic into the European community impacted the attempted reforms. More than twenty years after the revolution, Czech Psychiatry still does not comply with international standards of care and, as I show, despite the explicit disclaimer with the totalitarian past and great hopes for change, there is in fact a clear continuation of many of the practices, ideas, interactions, as well as forms of governance of the preceding decades. These historical legacies, in combination with other factors, such as ideological disagreements within the psychiatric profession, a lack of political interest in this area, and a strong focus on other economic priorities have all contributed to the failure to improve mental health care. The second part of the thesis offers a complementary perspective on these processes – a view from ‘inside’ of the institutions that provide psychiatric care. The origins of institutional care in Central Europe date back to late nineteenth century, when large hospitals were built within parks as self-sufficient complexes surrounded by walls, outside of large cities. My research took place in two contrasting institutions: one a highly specialised clinical and research center for treatment of acute conditions, and the other a hospital for treatment of chronic conditions originally devoted to those with ‘incurable’ conditions. I show how the notion of ‘curability’ is a crucial factor in both the experience of the patients and the social responses to their conditions. In this part I also explore some epistemological issues in psychiatry, including knowledge, practices, and ideology, in the context of a strong scientific materialism where – unlike in many parts of the world – the tradition of psychoanalysis has been absent. Specifically, I examine the role of neurobiological paradigm in various interpretations of psychotic experience, its affect on patient’s self-understanding, and its role in the externalization of agency and responsibility. Finally I address the phenomenon of using ‘unclaimed bodies’ of psychiatric patients for anatomical teaching and research, and interpret this practice through notions of liminality, impurity, and sacrifice. I conclude the thesis by examining the ethical dimension of psychiatric care in the light of the writings by Emmanuel Lévinas.

TITLE: Pupils' school mobility in a large city comprehensive school AUTHOR: Bc. Štěpánka Štiková DEPARTMENT: Institute for Research and Development of Education SUPERVISOR: RNDr. Dominik Dvořák, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: Pupil mobility is a serious phenomenon, which has not - at least in the context of Czech education system - enjoyed too much academic attention in terms of dedicated research. Premises of both the master thesis as well as those of pertinent research are following: The phenomenon of pupil mobility is considered in a case of a metropolitan elementary school, analyzing individual embedded cases of pupil mobility which occurred there within a defined monitoring period. A framework of the thesis is set by means of describing demographic and social context in the above school. Each individual pupil mobility case is described, its root cause is analyzed, and its impact on the respective class (student body) is examined by means of interviewing involved stakeholders. The goal of this research is to establish root causes as well as main impact categories of pupil mobility within a metropolitan elementary school context. Gathered data is processed and by means cross-case analysis method. Following movement was recorded on the lower secondary level of the examined school during the examination period: There...

The aim of this work is to analyse divergences of local government budgets and medium-term budgetary outlooks from results of the budgetary management of selected municipalities in the Czech Republic. At the beginning of the work, there are introduced problems of budgetary rules, medium-term budgetary outlooks and local government budgets. The analysis is focused on the municipalities which make a delegate force as municipalities with authorized municipal office from 2010 to 2013. The analysis is focused on the evaluation of the use of the medium-term budgetary outlook in the budgetary planning by municipalities. This work compares planning by municipalities updating their budgetary outlooks with the municipalities that are not updated. It is also focused on including the modification of tax-incomes in medium-term and annual budgetary planning. The analysis evaluates divergences of budgetary management in the municipalities during the analysed years. In the conclusion of work, there is made the analysis of debts of surveyed municipalities. Based on the analysis, following results were reached. The municipalities keep the rules of the verity and safety in the majority of revenues and common expenses. In 2013 where the amendment to the law of budget determination of taxes came into force, municipalities did not involve the modification of tax revenue in the medium-term budgetary outlooks and local government budgets. Based on the analysis of management, the budget of most municipalities is balanced or even surplus from 2010 to 2013. The average debt of the analysed municipalities did not change too much and 8 of 100 analysed municipalities had no debts during the analysed period. The recommendations following from the economic analysis of the surveyed municipalities are: to publish medium-term budgetary outlooks on the website of municipalities in conformity with the rule of publicity of public budgets and by reason of the addition of information for residents of the municipality, to monitor changes in the legislation and to integrate these changes into budgetary planning in time.

Wound care is an important part of the daily work of nurses in all facilities like hospitals, institutes for long-term patients, social care institutions, or ambulances. In recent years, the treatment of wounds puts more and more emphasis on modern methods, mainly in the Czech Republic (CR) and Ireland. As already mentioned, nursing is constantly evolving, and possibilities for wound treatment are wide. Our aim will be to compare the ways and methods of wound treatment in three different countries. We will focus on the General Nurse, as a nursing care provider. In the theoretical part, the work was focused on characteristic of wounds, their distribution, general healing as well as concrete treatment in the countries concerned, specifically according to the competence of nurses. A major part was devoted to the education of nurses The main purpose of the research was focused on the way nurses treat wounds in Namibia, Ireland and the Czech Republic. Based on the research subject the following research questions and goals were set: Identify and describe how nurses treat wounds in the selected countries. How are wounds healed in Namibia, Ireland and the Czech Republic? How is the wound care in Namibia, Ireland and the Czech Republic? What kind of education does a nurse have to have in the countries concerned, in connection with the wound care? For the empirical part of the thesis, a qualitative approach was selected. A semi-structured interview with nurses from the selected countries was used. Further records of the wound treatment were used. These were obtained during the internship in Namibia, a personal visit to Ireland and my experience during my studies in the Czech Republic. Respondents were recruited by purposive sampling, the condition of which was wound care requiring hospital treatment. The interviews were conducted using a range of questions addressing nurses in those countries during their working hours and if needed, supplementing the required information via Skype. The research sample consisted of nine respondents - nurses from Namibia, Ireland and the Czech Republic and then records of the wound treatment of 9 patients from Namibia, the Czech Republic and Ireland were drawn. The countries have their competencies relating to this issue. In Ireland, Czech Republic there is a re-bandaging nurse, who creates a nursing plan and, if needed, consults everything with the physician. In Namibia, due to lack of nurses and physicians, only competences of local nurses which they acquired during their university studies, are sufficient. These competences lead to decisions and choice of care and wound treatment. In the Czech Republic, nurses shall consult the healing process and the course of treatment with the physician. In the area of education of nurses from the surveyed countries in connection with wound care the research investigation showed that university education is required in Namibia, in the Czech Republic as well as in Ireland. The third mentioned research question related to methods of care with clients suffering from acute or chronic wounds. Wound care in Namibia, Ireland, and in the Czech Republic does not differ in some specific procedures; however, in most cases it is very different. In severe cases of wounds, for many patients it is an unforgettable memory, which requires a professional approach, consisting of knowledge and experience. The nurse provides a unique support to the patient, education is therefore very important and unconditional in order to enable the patient coping with the situation. The results of this thesis can serve as information and study material to other grades of the surgical block and for further research on a similar topic.

Currently it has become recognized that to successfully manage the crisis situation it is necessary to ensure the basic transport, particularly transport infrastructure impassable. One of the many problem areas while ensuring operation in transport is critical to ensure the functionality of artificial structures, and thus become very important just bridges that we in most cases considered by the throat on the roads. Bridges must be kept sufficiently passable,and failing this, just need to take action in the form of construction of a temporary replacement bridge. The general aim of my thesis was to analyze the usefulness of temporary bridge construction kits in crisis situations. The theoretical part describes issues related legislation with crisis management, basic concepts related to crisis management, bridge set MS, heavy bridge set TMS and the use of the Czech Army in crisis situations. Crisis management was essential after the floods in 1997 and 2002 given special attention. It was gradually ascertained that five years after the floods in Moravia in 1997, the Army increasingly lack a global perspective on the overall topic of crisis management. The focus is on bridge set MS. This is a releasable steel bridge construction, which was initially designed for the military sector to the possibility of fast implementation of temporary bypass obstacles. Another topic of interest is becoming difficult bridge kit. Heavy bridge system is normalized steel folding bridge for only one lane of the lower deck, which is designed to build bridges with one or more fields of bridges and overpasses for the construction of the railway. The use of the Czech Army is further defined as a task of the integrated rescue system in the area of internal security, where the individual components of the Integrated Rescue System and other bodies involved in internal security and civil protection must be able to respond professionally and in cooperation with other stakeholders to intervene effectively in an emergency or crisis caused by terrorist attacks, natural and environmental disasters, industrial accidents, and other dangers that threaten the lives, health, property, the environment, internal security and public order in the Czech Republic. The Czech army is used for temporary organized deployment of military units and military installations with the necessary military equipment and under the control of the appropriate commander. Military assistance becomes necessary when the designated administrative authorities, local authorities or a fire protection can no longer ensure the rescue work on their own. The use of the army for rescue operations can be done at the request of regional governors, mayors and mayors of municipalities or the Ministry of the Interior through the Operational and Information Centre Fire and Rescue through the permanent operations center of the Army of the Czech Republic. In the practical part I am focused on gathering the available general and internal information,reports and documentation on the use of temporary bridge kits in crisis situations and analysis of documents,regulations and methodologies relating to the construction of temporary bridge kits in crisis situations. Practical application of new trends and technologies, based on experience with engineer bridge company Czech Army. Processing and evaluation of the results was done in MS Word and MS Excel.

The aim of this thesis is the literature review and comparing the projects of land consolidation in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. This work is based on the available literature, databases of public institutions and documents of Land office in Slovak Republic a private engineering office GEOPOZEM CB IN Budweis. The thesis includes the short history of the land consolidation until year 1993, when Czechoslovakia was split for two countries. Subsequently, the work is focused on individual files land consolidation, separately within the Czech and Slovak Republic, the selection of criteria for the comparison of various projects of land consolidation and analyzing the specific parameters describing the content of chosen land consolidation.

Healthy hygiene surveillance is carried out at all stages of the production process, from raw materials to the sale of animal products. The aim of this diploma thesis was to evaluate the results of inspections of the food processing industry which are carried out by the State Veterinary Administration of the Czech Republic (SVA CR). The specific focus was on the monitoring for foreign substances and the results of hygienic inspections done in food processing industry, mainly in dairy sector. Regular monitoring was the likely cause for the steadily decreasing number of positive findings in the samples which were tested for foreign substances. In the evaluation of the veterinary and hygiene audits carried out by the SVA CR, it was found that the dairy sector attained superior results as compared to other animal product sectors.