This thesis seeks to understand the causal factors of deindustrialization in the steel industry during the late twentieth century and uses the former Atlantic Steel Company mill in Atlanta, Georgia as a case study. Using company records and secondary sources from a variety of social science disciplines, I explore the roles of neoliberalism, government foreign and domestic policies, and the world economic crisis of 1973 to reassess contemporary understanding of the concept of deindustrialization.

The transition towards a service-based society, defined as deindustrialization, has led to an extensive body of research exploring the socio-economic and health impacts of industrial decline. The literature has been mainly confined to the regional effects of unemployment and inactivity. However, considering the morbidity and mortality outcomes of this event, most studies have focused on single cases such as regions and specific industrial occupational groups. Within this context, this thesis aims to assess the health-related implications of deindustrialization by considering the elements of contrast, magnitude and time. Those elements capture the dynamic nature and uneven pace of industrial decline across different levels, aggregated and individual. This thesis measures and compares the severity of industrial decline across Europe and seeks to identify whether deindustrialization is associated with mortality variations. By including fixed effects modeling it distinguishes between the long and short-term relationship of industrial decline and mortality. Furthermore, this thesis adopts a longitudinal perspective and aims to explore the long-term self-assessed morbidity of various occupational groups by following their transition towards unemployment, inactivity and re-employment. The analysis follows a logistic regression approach based on the evaluation of self-assessed morbidity. It concludes that deindustrialization is a transitional event that progresses unevenly and disproportionately affects health at national, regional and individual levels. At a population level, industrial decline appears to be beneficial for health as countries have progressed towards the creation of safer contemporary working environments. At an individual level, the transitional effects of occupational mobility do not uniformly influence the morbidity of individuals. The extent of the susceptibility of certain countries, regions and population groups towards this event is a result of various internal and external socio-economic factors, health-related and political decisions. Subsequently, this thesis introduces the necessity of rethinking the health consequences of deindustrialization, whereas future research should consider the changing nature of employment within the industrial and service sectors.

The aggravating investment environment in Taiwan has lead to migration of industries to oversea nations. China, with its geographical advantage, lower labor cost, and enormous market potential, has become Taiwan investors¡¦ preferred choice of investment region. Nevertheless, that has affected Taiwan¡¦s economy in many perspectives when a large amount of Taiwanese investors shifted their operations to China, along with their enormous amount of capital. Hence, the main focus of this thesis is to focus and evaluate this impact on Taiwan¡¦s economic growth, import and export structure, industrial adjustment, market competitiveness, employment issues and industrial hollowing-out effect. This thesis analyzes and evaluates several issues from Taiwanese investor¡¦s point of perspective, including: 1.Evaluate whether or not there is industrial hollowing-out effect in Taiwan. 2. The cause of industrial hollowing-out effect in Taiwan. 3. The correlation between investor¡¦s migration to China and industrial hollowing-out effect in Taiwan. 4.The influence of the industrial hollowing-out effect. This thesis adopts historical process research, statistics analysis method, and documentary research as the basis of evaluation. By the 5 criteria indicator (negative net value of foreign direct investment, the growing trend of unemployment rate, and the declining trend of the manufacturing-based industries over the GDP ratio, manufacturing labor productivity, and manufacturing investment) to examine if there is any data or evidence indicating that Taiwan at present is going through industrial hollowing-out. This Thesis has discovered the following facts: 1.The 5 criteria indicating an industrial hollowing-out is in effect. Over the 16 years from 1991 to 2006, the net value of Taiwan¡¦s foreign direct investment is ¡V35.213 billion dollars, and the unemployment rate has been rising since 1995. Manufacturing industries over the GDP ratio has declined from 33.34% to 21.39%. Manufacturing production index growth rate varied from 7.42% to 5.04%. Labor productivity index growth rate declined from 1.29% to -2.37%. And except 2004, manufacturing gross domestic capital formation growth rate (nominal or real) has been decreased since 2001. From these findings stated above, Taiwan has faced all of the 5 trends and hence, Taiwan has begun to face the industrial hollowing-out effects. 2.The causes of Taiwan¡¦s industrial hollowing-out are as follows: (1) the over-extended migration of investment to China. (2) the problem of industries¡¦ structural adjustment. (3) the similarity of exporting products, which leads to the trade competition. (4) insufficient local investment. 3.Industrial hollowing-out effects can be discussed under the perspectives of the employment market, the industries structural and the international market. From the market employment perspective, the industrial hollowing-out results in high unemployment, stagnant wage growth and imbalance on spread of wealth. From industries structural point of view, the hollowing-out effect causes struggling in industries technological advancement, difficulties in research and development for manufacturing industries, limitations of cooperation between global enterprises and the restriction of the economy growth. On international market level, the hollowing out effect would create the negative impacts such as difficulties in industrial restructuring, the tremendous international competition, the replacement of products manufactured in Taiwan with those made by other nations, and the inability to attract more foreign investment.

The aim of this research is to identify how industrial heritage in redeveloping industrial areas may be used to contribute to a neighbourhood sense of place. This is examined through case studies, semi-structured interviews and first hand observations. Focus is placed on planning processes and results yielded. This project began with the belief that highlighting a community's heritage, when done effectively, and at a comprehensive scale, will foster a distinct neighbourhood character and sense of place. Based on the literature and research collected, an analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats associated with incorporating the industrial heritage of South Point Douglas in Winnipeg, Manitoba is provided. Future steps are also recommended. This community was chosen , in part, because of its large supple of underused industrial buildings, its central location, and its historical significance to the development of the City of Winnipeg.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2008. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 244 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 223-244).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 22, 2009). Advisor: Marvin Troutt. Keywords: manufacturing; spatial analysis; cluster; input-output; forward linkage; backward linkage; key sector; geostatistics; kriging; Kaldor's laws; spatial autocorrelation. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2008. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 165 p. : ill. (some col.), col. map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-120).

Amid contemporary catastrophizing about industry and the practice of photography, American artist LaToya Ruby Frazier began her photographic series Notion of Family (2002 to present) as a means of documenting the effects of economic and environmental decline in Braddock, Pennsylvania. Located nine miles south of Pittsburgh and the site of Andrew Carnegie’s first steel mill, the contemporary landscape of Braddock and the experience of its citizens mark a liminal place between the stark abandonment of completely deindustrialized sites and a continued battle with the environmental and social effects of surviving in industry’s wake. By photographing herself, her mother, her grandmother, and cousins and documenting the vicissitudes of her lived experience, Frazier uses the camera to resist real and insidious attempts at the erasure from the landscape and history of Braddock and from photographic discourse. Her work is a complex form of autobiography generated to be both representative of herself and to speak to a larger narrative about the impact of deindustrialization on marginalized communities. She uses the historical tension between absence and presence to make histories, realities and subjectivities present against the cultural and environmental forces striving to render them absent. / text

Since the 1970s, waves of deindustrialization have dramatically transformed the urban Rust Belt. The plight of cities in this region is well documented by scholars. The story they present upholds central assumptions in theories of urban growth, mainly new cities grow in new economic regions at the expense of others. This dissertation challenges this notion by addressing the following question: What are the different economic trajectories Rust Belt cities have taken over the course of global economic restructuring from 1970 to 2000? In this research, 69 Rust Belt cities are classified into three different categories based on their performance on a quality of life index over this time period: stable, struggling, and devastated. Then, conventional quantitative methods are used to map changes in employment trends onto the cities in each category. This step provides a general picture of economic restructuring experiences in these cities, which shows all lose manufacturing employment, but increases in business services employment distinguishes stable cities while increases in professional services employment distinguishes devastated cities. Next, an innovative methodology is used to identify different kinds of economic transitions for different types of cities. The analysis shows larger, stable cities have been able to reorganize their local economies into producer service-based economies. It also indicates manufacturing remains central to the local economies in smaller, stable cities, and finally, all devastated cities are developing healthcare-based local economies. Finally, two stable and two devastated cities are examined in-depth to provide a detailed description of local economic transformations. The stable cities have combined local R&D facilities with a strong infrastructure of specialty manufacturers to become high-tech production sites. This change has fueled business services development in these cities. Devastated cities are holding onto old manufacturing while greatly expanding hospital-based employment. Overall, this dissertation makes a contribution by using multiple and innovative methods to develop a rich portrait of the economic reorganization of the urban Rust Belt. This portrait questions central assumptions in theoretical understandings of urban growth and serves as a foundation for an examination of the causes of successful local economic transformation.

A nossa pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o processo de desindustrialização e suas conseqüências sócio-espaciais. O Ipiranga, área localizada na zona sul de São Paulo foi um antigo bairro operário e industrial, formado pelo processo de industrialização. Atualmente, as indústrias, em sua maior parte, deixaram o Ipiranga, provocando grandes mudanças na sua formação sócio-espacial. Com o processo de desindustrialização, observamos antigos galpões industriais fechados, terrenos com prédios industriais em ruína com mato crescendo. Esta paisagem caracteriza, sobretudo, as áreas de várzea do Ipiranga, devido à maior desvalorização dos terrenos localizados nestes locais. No Alto do Ipiranga, temos uma maior ocupação destas áreas. Observamos, neste setor do antigo bairro operário e industrial, uma verticalização do seu espaço. Lançamentos imobiliários se instalaram, nessa área, e valorizaram muito o preço da terra urbana no Alto do Ipiranga. Mais recentemente, esse processo de verticalização também vai chegando às áreas de várzea do Ipiranga. Com isso, a tendência é o aumento do valor do solo urbano em nossa área de estudo como um todo. Desta forma, o Ipiranga vai se transformando num lugar de moradia das classes média e alta da sociedade paulistana. / Our research aimed to analyse the process of de-industrialization and its sociospatial consequences. Ipiranga district, area located in the south region of São Paulo, was an old working class and industrial district, formed by the process of industrialilization. Nowadays, most part of those industries left Ipiranga, causing important changes in its socio-spatial formation. With the process of deindustrialization we can see old factory buildings closed, urban lots with industrial buildings in ruins with growing grass. This landscape features, especiallly, the lowland areas of Ipiranga, due to a higher depreciation of land locates at these sites. In Alto do Ipiranga, we have a major occupation of these areas. We observed in this sector an old working class and industrial district the verticalization of its space. Releases estates settled in this area, and caused a high valorization of urban land in Alto do Ipiranga. More recently, this process of verticalization also reaches lowlandas of Ipiranga. Thus, the trend is an increasing value of urban land in our study area as a whole. This way, Ipiranga is being transformed into a housing place formiddle and upper class of São Paulo\'s society.