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Concerns about weight and shape in overweight 12 year old girls and their mothersBurrows, Alison January 1998 (has links)
Concerns about weight, shape and eating and attempts at dietary restraint are prevalent among young girls, but may increase the risk of the development of eating disorders, especially if low self-esteem or symptoms of depression are also present. The literature suggests that there may be links between mothers and daughters attitudes towards weight, shape and dietary restraint. The aim of the study was to investigate whether concerns about weight, shape and eating and attempts at dietary restraint differed between overweight and average-weight girls; and whether overweight girls had lower self-esteem, and/or more symptoms of depression than average-weight girls. Possible links between mothers' and daughters' attitudes towards weight and shape and dietary restraint were also investigated. Results showed that overweight girls had more concerns about weight, shape and eating and attempted dietary restraint more than average weight girls. Overweight girls had more negative perception of their athletic competence, physical appearance and global self-worth, and more symptoms of depression than average-weight girls. Mothers of overweight girls, who themselves had higher BMIs than the mothers of average-weight girls, had more concerns and negative beliefs about weight, shape and eating and attempted more dietary restraint, than the mothers of average-weight girls. Although there was some association between mothers' and daughters' concerns in the average-weight group these associations were not present in the overweight group. The conclusions were that overweight girls may be particularly vulnerable to the development of eating disorders, but that the links between mothers' and daughters' concerns are not straightforward. Read more
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Frequent back pain and subsequent mortality among older community-dwelling white women in the study of osteoporotic fractures (SOF)Roseen, Eric Jon 18 March 2018 (has links)
INTRODUCTION: While the impact of back pain on morbidity in older adults is well-understood, the influence of back pain on mortality is unclear. Back pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide, and disability is associated with elevated risk of mortality. Thus, we hypothesized that older women with persistent back pain would have a higher risk of mortality over 16-years of follow-up, compared to those with no back pain among participants in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF), a large multisite cohort study. Furthermore, we hypothesized that limitations of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) would mediate a greater proportion of the mortality risk, compared to two objective measures of physical function, walking and chair stand speed.
METHODS: The analytic sample included 8,321 SOF participants (mean age 71.5, SD=5.1) who answered back pain questions at baseline (1986–87) and visit 2 (1989–90). We created a four-category back pain variable by combining responses at two interviews (baseline and visit 2). Categories included: no back pain (24%), non-persistent back pain (23%), and infrequent (44%) or frequent (9%) persistent back pain. Participants were followed from visit 2 through visit 9 (2006–08). Death was confirmed with receipt of death certificates. Using Cox-proportional hazards, we calculated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality with the ‘no back pain’ participants as our reference group. We adjusted for age, sociodemographic characteristics, self-reported general health, smoking status, comorbid conditions (e.g., prevalent vertebral fractures, osteoarthritis, hip pain, diabetes, hypertension), previous stroke, history of breast cancer, hospitalizations and falls in the previous year. We evaluated self-reported IADL limitations, slow walking speed, and slow chair stand time as a priori mediators of back pain and subsequent mortality.
RESULTS: A total of 4975 women (55.8%) died over the follow-up period. A higher proportion of women with frequent persistent back pain died (65.8%) compared to those with no back pain (53.5%) (adjusted HR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.39). We observed an increase in cardiovascular (adjusted HR = 1.34; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.62) and cancer (adjusted HR = 1.33; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.71) mortality. No increased risk was observed for other back pain groups. A larger proportion of the association was mediated by IADL limitations (47%), compared to poor performance on chair stand (27%) and walking speed (24%).
CONCLUSION: Compared to older women with no back pain, those with frequent persistent back pain had an increased risk of mortality, which underscores the importance of developing safe interventions to address and prevent this condition. Therapies that address IADL limitations or improve physical function (e.g. walking speed, chair stand) may be ideal for preventing early death in individuals with back pain. / 2020-03-17T00:00:00Z Read more
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Reliability of the time interval disfluency test on an inter-observer agreement basisBuetzer, Carol Bennett January 2010 (has links)
Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries
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Disfluency measures : comparison of the accuracy of random sampling procedures to total count measuresVan Loenen, Linda January 2011 (has links)
Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries
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Durational characteristics of oral reading : effects of sample size on test-retest reliabilityFlanagan, Patricia H. January 2010 (has links)
Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries
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Emotional memory and anxiety disorders: the impact of fear upon memoryOstrovskaya, Irina January 2003 (has links)
Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-02
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Cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia : novel models and behavioural methods for preclinical researchCrouch, Barry January 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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Prevalence of post traumatic stress disorder, and coping strategies, among former South African national servicemenConnell, Martin Anthony 16 March 2012 (has links)
M.Fam.Med., Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011 / Purpose: To determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and the
extent of resilience among former national servicemen who had matriculated from a
Johannesburg high school from 1975 to 1988.
Design & Methods: A quantitative design which utilised an anonymous, internet-based
questionnaire accessed a sample of former national servicemen. Demographic data such as
year of intake to national service, current occupation, the type of service unit, combat
exposure, drug and alcohol use, exposure to other traumatic events, and recourse to
medication and counselling were obtained. The Impact of Event Scale –Revised (IES-R) was
used to measure prevalence of PTSD and the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CDRISC)
was chosen to provide a measure of coping. A sample of 109 men was traced out of a
possible population of 1527. They were contacted via email and invited to participate in the
anonymous web-based questionnaire. Data was processed from the Wits Health Sciences
website via a Microsoft Excel worksheet to the STATA version 11 statistical software
package and were subjected to regression analysis using the chi square test and
Spearman’s rho.
Results: The response rate was 49.5% of the sample of 109. The PTSD level in this sample
was 33% and was statistically significantly associated with combat exposure. There was no
association between the IES-R and the CD-RISC. Only 5.6% of respondents scored in the
range for PTSD on the CD-RISC suggesting high levels of resilience in this sample. Current
cannabis use was significantly linked with PTSD.
Conclusions. The PTSD prevalence in this population of former national servicemen is
higher than in comparable international studies. The primary care practitioner needs to
consider prior exposure to national service or combat in routine history-taking and to
consider PTSD when former national servicemen present with anxiety symptoms,
depression, somatisation disorder, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic pain or substance
abuse disorder. Read more
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Stimulus Manipulation in Articulation Therapy With a Hearing Impaired ChildWhite, Walter Eugene 01 May 1972 (has links)
Severely hearing impaired individuals typically exhibit speech that is unintelligible and systematic instruction in speech has not effectively alleviated all of the misarticulations found in the speech of these individuals. Behavior modification is a promising development which has meaningful application to the modification of defective articulation by hearing impaired children.
The purpose of this study was to as certain the feasibility of implementing a specific program of stimulus manipulation to alter the articulation of the |TS| phoneme as uttered by one severely hearing impaired individual. The training program was structured in a sequence of four operant training conditions. Pre-training tests, training tasks, intra-training probe tests, post-training tests, stimulus generalization tests, and retention tests were administered.
As a result of this investigation, it was concluded that the use of a behavior modification training program appears to be an effective method by which the articulation of a hearing impaired individual may be modified.
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Finding the words: comparing the progression of semantic feature analysis and phonological components analysis in adults with post-stroke aphasiaHaentjens, Katherine January 2019 (has links)
No description available.
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