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Classificationo f individualsa s high and low restrainede aters, accordingt o their relative score on one of the several restraint assessment questionnaires currently in use, has been shown to predicta n anomalouse ating pattern,r eferredt o as counter-regulationo r disinhibition which, appears to be cognitively controlled. Two main sources of cognitive bias which may characterize dietary restraint In female college students have been investigated in this thesis; attentional and memory biases for foodrelated Information. Experiments I-VI assessed selective attention for food-related words. Median split of subjects on scores from a restraint assessment scale yielded contradictory results. When Middle scorers on the restraint assessment scale were excluded from the analyses, It became clear that aftentional biases for food information do not characterize dietary restraint In female college students. Experiment VI replicated this finding In an adolescent population of school girls. However in Experiment III, after consumption of a sweet drink (either high or low calorie), significant Interference effects in colour-narrdng sweet food words emerged for both the high and low restraint groups. The second series of studies examined memory biases for names of foods which are generally considered to be lorbidden' to dieters but which they may still crave. Heightened recall of 'forbidden'f ood words by the high restrainersw as Indicatedi n both ExperimentsV and VI. The dependence of this memory bias upon the subjects knowing that the experiment is concerned With food and eating style was examined in Experiment Vill and the differential effect emerged in both unprimed and primed recall sessions. it was not found In Experiment VII In which subjectsw ere na7ve.T he final study examinedt he effect of self- versus other- referencing during encoding on recall of 'forbidden'and 'healthy'food names by high and low restralners. The experimentsa re discussedi n terms of schematicp rocessingo f emotionally-relevant Information with reference to Beck's Schema Theory of negative affect (1976, Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders. Int. Uni. Press: NY) and Williams, Watts, MacLeod, & Mathews's model of biased Information processing in emotional disorders (1988, Cognitive Psychology and Ernotional Disorders. Wiley: Chichester). It Is concluded that dietary restraint may be characterized by a memory bias for food names which dieters attempt to avoid. These biases, although statistically significant, were not substantial. it is suggested that future research takes into account the possibility that distinct categories exist within high restraint groups.

M.Tech. / Purpose: Many diseases are very complex and this is especially true with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). The lack of consensus on the aetiology, signs and symptoms and treatments available makes it extremely difficult for health care practitioners to treat TMDs. A clear definition of the condition itself has not been agreed on between many disciplines involved in the diagnoses and treatment of TMDs. Two competing definitions stand out in current literature. The physical medicine and dental professions define TMDs as various musculoskeletal disorders of the masticatory system. Some authors also stated that most patients with TMDs suffer primarily from a muscular disorder caused by masticatory myofascial trigger points (TrPs). The chiropractic profession defines TMDs as a group of somatic disorders that occur around the structurally integrated craniomandibular system but primarily affects the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) system. The term TMDs recognises that this craniomandibular pathology is a result of dysfunction in any structural area of the head or neck, not only the TMJ. This purpose of this study was to compare an adjustment treatment approach versus a soft tissue approach for the treatment of TMDs. Method: This study consisted of two groups; both the experimental and control groups consisted of 15 participants with TMDs. The participants were between the ages of 18 and 40 years. Potential participants were examined and accepted based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The experimental group received adjustments delivered to the TMJ and upper cervical spine, the control group received therapeutic ultrasound (U/S) to the xiv muscles of mastication. Objective and subjective findings were based on the treatments. Procedure: Each participant agreed to 6 treatment sessions and a seventh follow up session over a 4 week period. The participant completed a TMDs Disability Questionnaire. Algometer readings were taken over the masseter and temporalis TrPs bilaterally. Calliper readings measured the range of motion (ROM) of the TMJ, i.e. mandibular depression, protrusion and right and left deviation. The experimental group received adjustments to restricted segments of the TMJ and upper cervical spine as determined by motion palpation. The control group received therapeutic U/S to the masseter and temporalis muscles bilaterally. The same treatment procedures were administered over the study; subjective and objective readings were only taken again at visit 4 and 7. Results: In terms of subjective measurements based on the TMDs Disability Questionnaire scores, a statistically significant difference in the disability, severity and frequency of symptoms within the experimental and control groups individually, as well as the usual symptom intensity level within the control group was revealed. No statistically significant difference in terms of disability, frequency, severity and usual symptom intensity between the two treatment groups over time was revealed. In terms of objective measurements based on algometer readings, a statistically significant difference in the left masseter muscle and right temporalis muscle sensitivity within the experimental group individually was revealed. A statistically significant difference in the left masseter muscle and left temporalis muscle sensitivity within the control group individually was revealed. No statistically significant difference in muscle sensitivity between the groups over time was revealed. However, the control group showed a larger overall clinical significant difference in the masseter and temporalis muscle sensitivity bilaterally.

Bibliography: p. 172-185. / Includes bibliographies. / 185 p. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Mental Health, 1968

Bibliography: p. 172-185. / Includes bibliographies. / 185 p. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Mental Health, 1968

Sleep disordered breathing (SBD) in children ranges in severity from primary snoring to Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). SBD is known to impact on sleep and health and evidence also suggests negative impacts on neuropsychological and psychosocial performance. However, the prevalence of SBD in children remains to be clearly established. In addition, the degree of neuropsychological and psychosocial impairment in children with SBD and the severity of SBD is that it is necessary for this impairment to be evident, remain established. These questions were examined in the four studies that comprise this thesis.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2009. / A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Speech-Language Pathology, Speech-Pathology & Audiology. Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on July 30, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 50 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-35).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1970. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-67).