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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Geostatistics with locally varying anisotropy

Boisvert, Jeff 06 1900 (has links)
Many geological deposits contain nonlinear anisotropic features such as veins, channels, folds or local changes in orientation; numerical property modeling must account for these features to be reliable and predictive. This work incorporates locally varying anisotropy into inverse distance estimation, kriging and sequential Gaussian simulation. The methodology is applicable to a range of fields including (1) mining-mineral grade modeling (2) petroleum-porosity, permeability, saturation and facies modeling (3) environmental-contaminate concentration modeling. An exhaustive vector field defines the direction and magnitude of anisotropy and must be specified prior to modeling. Techniques explored for obtaining this field include: manual; moment of inertia of local covariance maps; direct estimation and; automatic feature interpolation. The methodology for integrating locally varying anisotropy into numerical modeling is based on modifying the distance/covariance between locations in space. Normally, the straight line path determines distance but in the presence of nonlinear features the appropriate path between locations traces along the features. These paths are calculated with the Dijkstra algorithm and may be nonlinear in the presence of locally varying anisotropy. Nonlinear paths do not ensure positive definiteness of the required system of equations when used with kriging or sequential Gaussian simulation. Classical multidimensional scaling is applied to ensure positive definiteness but is found to be computationally infeasible for large models, thus, landmark points are used for efficiency with acceptable losses in precision. The methodology is demonstrated on two data sets (1) net thickness of the McMurray formation in northern Alberta and (2) gold grade in a porphyry copper deposit. Integrating LVA into numerical modeling increases local accuracy and improves leave-one-out cross validation analysis results in both case studies. / Mining Engineering
12

Geostatistics with locally varying anisotropy

Boisvert, Jeff Unknown Date
No description available.
13

Modelagem e simulação do transporte de minério de ferro no norte do Brasil em situações de contingência

SIMÃO, Alessandro da Silva 09 March 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Pedro Barros (pedro.silvabarros@ufpe.br) on 2018-07-31T19:58:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Alessandro da Silva Simão.pdf: 1748249 bytes, checksum: 26a81e46a0366089ca679e925e21388d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alice Araujo (alice.caraujo@ufpe.br) on 2018-08-01T21:48:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Alessandro da Silva Simão.pdf: 1748249 bytes, checksum: 26a81e46a0366089ca679e925e21388d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T21:48:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Alessandro da Silva Simão.pdf: 1748249 bytes, checksum: 26a81e46a0366089ca679e925e21388d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-09 / Esta pesquisa investiga a possibilidade de transporte do minério de ferro na região Norte, com utilização de modais alternativos (ex. rodoviário e aquaviário), devido a contingências na Estrada de Ferro Carajás geralmente causadas por grupos étnicos e sociais. Inicialmente é entendido o cenário atual em questão, que mostra de um lado as jazidas da Província Mineral de Carajás, considerada como origem da matéria-prima e o porto Ponta da Madeira como o destino do minério de ferro. Em seguida, faz-se um levantamento das ligações alternativas entre esses pontos envolvendo rodovias, ferrovias e vias aquáticas levando-se em conta infraestrutura existente, porém não necessariamente utilizada, bem como planejada para entrar em operação nos próximos anos. A modelagem da rede de transporte tanto com infraestrutura atual como planejada é realizada por meio do problema do caminho mínimo. São utilizadas métricas de distância, tempo e custo para caracterizar a rede e diversos cenários de contingência são analisados. O algoritmo de Dijkstra é empregado como método de resolução em cada cenário e os caminhos ótimos são obtidos em termos de distância, tempo ou custo. / This research investigates the possibility of transportation of iron ore in the North region, using alternative modes (eg road and waterway), due to contingencies on the Carajás Railroad generally caused by ethnic and social groups. Initially the present scenario is understood, which shows, on the one hand, the deposits of the Carajás Mineral Province, considered as the source of the raw material and the port of Ponta da Madeira as the destination of the iron ore. Next, a survey is made of the alternative connections between these points involving highways, railways and waterways taking into account existing infrastructure, but not necessarily used, as well as planned to start operating in the coming years. The modeling of the transport network with both current and planned infrastructure is performed through the minimum path problem. Distance, time and cost metrics are used to characterize the network and several contingency scenarios are analyzed. The Dijkstra algorithm is used as the resolution method in each scenario and optimal paths are obtained in terms of distance, time or cost.
14

Aplicação do algoritmo de DIJKSTRA na otimização multiobjetivo de rotas de evacuação em cenários de nuvem tóxica

SILVA, Gisele Tatiane de Lima e 27 April 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Pedro Barros (pedro.silvabarros@ufpe.br) on 2018-08-09T20:37:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Gisele Tatiane de Lima e Silva.pdf: 1903426 bytes, checksum: ffaaab6b067c16e8c26927fc1d7dd08f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alice Araujo (alice.caraujo@ufpe.br) on 2018-08-15T22:05:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Gisele Tatiane de Lima e Silva.pdf: 1903426 bytes, checksum: ffaaab6b067c16e8c26927fc1d7dd08f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T22:05:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Gisele Tatiane de Lima e Silva.pdf: 1903426 bytes, checksum: ffaaab6b067c16e8c26927fc1d7dd08f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-27 / CAPES / A otimização das rotas de evacuação pode ser considerada como uma das ferramentas que auxiliam o desenvolvimento do planejamento de segurança. O estudo das consequências de nuvens tóxicas é bastante importante devido a sua severidade em relação aos outros tipos de acidentes. Apesar disso, a liberação de nuvens tóxicas ainda ocorre, como no Porto de Santos (2016). Por isso, na elaboração deste trabalho foi calculada a melhor rota de fuga em cenários em que ocorre formação de nuvem tóxica em uma refinaria de petróleo hipotética. Isso foi executado através do algoritmo de Dijkstra considerando dois objetivos a serem minimizados: tempo de evacuação e risco individual durante o trajeto. A dissertação foi desenvolvida em algumas etapas. A primeira consistiu em compreender os processos, identificar e avaliar os riscos que envolvem as unidades de destilação atmosférica, coqueamento retardado e hidrotratamento de uma refinaria hipotética. Então, o software ALOHA foi usado para a análise quantitativa de cada hipótese levantada e também para obtenção do perfil de concentrações tóxicas para cada nó pertencente a uma rota de evacuação. O resultado da etapa anterior foi aplicado em um programa desenvolvido em C++, em que o algoritmo de Dijkstra foi utilizado para a otimização multiobjetivo e, com isso, foram encontrados os nós que compõem as melhores rotas de evacuação em relação aos objetivos de interesse. Para cada uma das quatro situações simuladas foi observada a melhor rota de evacuação em relação aos objetivos separadamente, foram vistas as influências que o tempo e o risco individual exercem no processo de escolha dos nós componentes das rotas ótimas e, logo depois, foram obtidas as rotas ótimas. Três cenários simulados foram referentes ao vazamento do sulfeto de hidrogênio em unidades básicas de processamento do petróleo (unidade de destilação atmosférica, coqueamento retardado e hidrotratamento), o último cenário busca rotas de evacuação em caso de acidente na refinaria hipotética, sem identificação da origem do vazamento do H2S. Além disso, também foi realizada uma análise de sensibilidade a fim de comprovar o modo de obtenção de alguns parâmetros relacionados ao tempo de evacuação. / The optimization of evacuation routes is considered an important asput on the development of security planning. The study of the consequences of toxic clouds is very important due to its severity in relation to other types of accidents. Despite this, a release of toxic clouds still occurs, such as Porto de Santos (2016). Therefore, in the elaboration of this work an optimum escape routes were calculated in scenarios where the formation of toxic cloud occurs in a hypothetical petroleum refinery. The optimum routes were obtained via a Dijkstra algorithm that considers minimization of two objectives: evacuation time and individual risk during the escape. The dissertation was developed in some phases. The fisrt one was to understand the process, identify and assess the risks involved in the atmospheric distillation unit, delayed coking unit and hydrotreating unit within a refinery. The ALOHA software was used to obtain the quantitative analysis of each simulated hypothesis and reveals concentration profiles, that is, the concentration of each node that belongs to an evacuation route. The result of the previous step was applied in a program developed in C ++, where the Dijkstra algorithm was used for multi-objective optimization and with this, it showed the nodes that compose the best evacuation routes in relation to the shortest evacuation time and the shortest individual risk of that journey. In every simulated situation, we can be observe the optimal evacuation route for each objective separately and also the influence of evacuation time and individual risk on the selection of nodes for the routes and then we obtain the optimum routes. Three simulated scenarios were related to the leakage of hydrogen sulphide in basic petroleum processing units (atmospheric distillation unit, delayed coking unit and hydrotreatment unit), the last scenario search for evacuation routes in case of an accident in the hypothetical refinery, without identification of the origin of the H2S leakage. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was also performed to prove the way of obtaining some parameters related to evacuation time.
15

Evaluación de tiempos de respuesta para el Cuerpo de Bomberos de Santiago :|nuevo modelo de ruteo, validación y métricas de desempeño del sistema actual

Echeverría Solís, Álvaro Ricardo January 2013 (has links)
Magíster en Gestión de Operaciones / Ingeniero Civil Industrial / Encontrar el camino mínimo en un grafo dirigido es un problema clásico pero de tremenda repercusión e importancia para un sistema de emergencia, donde cada segundo es vital para poder minimizar las pérdidas humanas. De esta forma, este trabajo de tesis se enfoca en el desarrollo de un algoritmo de caminos mínimos para el Cuerpo de Bomberos de Santiago basado en un Dijkstra inverso implementado con Binary Heaps. Además, se construye un grafo dirigido de la Región Metropolitana de Chile donde, con información de las velocidades de buses del sistema público chileno, se puede recrear la velocidad en cada uno de los arcos a distintas horas del día. Esto permite obtener por primera vez un orden de despacho para cada emergencia que enfrenta el Cuerpo de Bomberos de Santiago, considerando aspectos de congestión. Además, y debido a la diferente naturaleza de los tiempos de traslado entre Transantiago y CBS, se comparan los tiempos obtenidos por el algoritmo con los datos históricos del Cuerpo para calibrar dichas velocidades. Así, estos análisis llevan a la construcción del "Factor Bomberos'', una función de corrección que depende del horario de la emergencia, la zona de Bomberos que se está atendiendo y la distancia total recorrida por el carro elegido para asistir. Por otra parte, se estudia el sistema de zonas que utiliza el Cuerpo de Bomberos de Santiago para sus despachos y se logra comprobar que esto le resta eficiencia y flexibilidad a su despacho. El sistema vigente no considera variaciones a través del día, lo que se comprobó es un factor importante al momento de definir el orden de despacho. Además, la gran mayoría de las zonas presentan diferentes "sub-zonas'' de atención, lo que es muy alto en los sectores de alta concentración de compañías. Adicionalmente, se estudia cómo se comportan los sistemas (actual y el propuesto) ante estándares internacionales (90% de los despachos por debajo de 5 minutos). El primero de ellos tiene sólo un cumplimiento del 56.6 % y el segundo eleva este cumplimiento hasta el 68.45%. Factores como la reubicación de ciertas compañías permitirían elevar dicho estándar hasta un nivel mayor.
16

Modelování skladů pomocí grafického rozhraní / Warehouse modeling using graphical user interface

Rajnoha, Martin January 2016 (has links)
Master’s thesis proposes a new algorithm which enables efficient conversion of graphical representation of warehouse into graph theory representation and consequently accelerates estimation for route costs. The proposed algorithm computes route distances between any places in warehouse based on Breadth first search, image processing „skeletonization“ and Dijkstra algorithm. Using the proposed algorithm it is possible to search routes in a warehouse effectively and fast using precomputed routing table. Searching time is less then milisecond using routing table and even size of warehouse doesn’t affect it significantly instead of using Dijkstra algorithm.
17

Systém pro návrh optických sítí FTTH

Starý, Miroslav January 2017 (has links)
The thesis explains the principle of optical conduction and describes its possible structures. It also deals with the automation of designing, projecting, constructing FTTH optical networks, processing RUIAN data, creating plugins into the QGIS geographic information system and implementing them using the Python programming language.
18

A Scalability and Performance Evaluation of Precomputed Flow FieldMaps for Multi-Agent Pathfinding

Helsing, Jonathan, Bruce, Alexander January 2022 (has links)
Background. The A* algorithm is a well-established pathfinding technique frequently used in video game development. However, a disadvantage of the A* algorithm is that it becomes computationally inefficient and impractical to utilize whenthousands of agents demand an optimal path. A solution to mitigate this issue isthe use of the flow field algorithm. This algorithm employs a goal-based pathfindingstrategy, which allows for the movement of a large number of units through the useof a single direction map (flow field map) that indicates the direction units must take to progress toward their goal. Objectives. The main objective of this study is to examine the performance and scalability of precomputed flow field maps with regard to execution time and memory utilization, with the objective of determining the feasibility of precomputed maps as an alternative to maps generated at runtime. Furthermore, the study implements and investigates compression techniques to minimize the memory footprint of precomputed flow field maps. Methods. The study adopts an experimental research design to assess the performance of the two implementations under various conditions of grid size and movement system. Performance evaluation is accomplished through the measurement and comparison of execution time and memory consumption. Additionally, a directional accuracy test is performed to quantify the potential loss of accuracy in the vectors stored in the precomputed flow field maps. Results. The precomputed flow field maps provide constant access time, with a time complexity of O(1), regardless of the grid size and the type of movement system. The memory usage of these maps increases significantly with the growth of the grid size. A doubling of the grid size leads to a more than fifteen-fold increase in memory usage. The techniques proposed in the study significantly reduced the memory footprint by a factor of thirty-two and by a factor of eight, depending on the selected movement system. The average loss in accuracy was approximately 0.35 degrees for the proposed any-angle compression technique. Conclusions. The use of precomputed flow field maps has limitations, including being limited to static environments and having high memory requirements. On the other hand, they provide constant access time for pathfinding information, independent of the grid dimensions, movement system, and the number of target nodes. Whether precomputed flow field maps are better than the traditional runtime implementation depends on the intended use.
19

Förbättringsmöjligheter för Dijkstra’s grafsökningsalgoritm : En jämförande analys om vägsökningsalgoritmer för en rutnätbaserad värld / Opportunities for improvement in Dijkstra’s graph search algorithm : A comparative analysis of pathfinding algorithms for a grid-based world

Esst, Maximilian, Skoglöv, Demian January 2024 (has links)
Denna studie jämför effektiviteten hos grafsökningsalgoritmerna Dijkstra, dubbelriktad Dijkstra, A*, dubbelriktad A*, och Jump Point Search (JPS) i en tvådimensionell rutnätsbaserad miljö. Genom att analysera deras prestanda baserat på exekveringstid och antalet expanderade noder syftar studien till att identifiera vilken effektivitetskillnad dessa förbättringar medför. Resultatet visar på signifikanta skillnader i prestanda mellan algoritmerna där JPS är 7235% snabbare än Dijkstra på en karta av storlek 1000x1000. Detta understryker att förbättringarna som kan appliceras på Dijkstra är högst relevanta inom spel där millisekunder spelar stor roll. Dubbelriktade versioner av Dijkstra och A* visar sig också vara mer effektiva än deras enkelriktade motsvarigheter med en förbättring som motsvarar ca hälften av exekveringstiden, vilket bekräftar värdet av dessa förbättringar. Framtida forskning kan inkludera utforskning av ytterligare algoritmer och förbättringar samt deras tillämpning och testning i realtidsscenarier för att ytterligare validera och utveckla dessa resultat.
20

Nova metodologia para a estimação da seção em falta em sistemas elétricos de potência com foco nos alarmes dos relés de distância e busca de seções isoladas / New methodology for the fault section estimation in power systems with focus on distance relay alarms and isolated sections search

Menco, Carlos Andres Lazaro 25 February 2014 (has links)
This works proposes a novel methodology for Fault Section Estimation in Power Systems. This document describes a computational tool to assist operators of electrical system in decision-making, thus ensuring the reliability of the energy supply and the reduction of reestablishment time after of fault occurrence. The proposed methodology is based on the interpretation of alarms provided by the Supervisory and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) and the electrical characteristics of the system, as well as impedance of transmission lines and transformers, circuit breakers states and settings of distance protective relays. The methodology is deterministic and uses the interception between zones of distance protective relays as base for the section estimation and the circuit breaker states to associate physically isolated sections in the system after of fault occurrence, making use of a shortest path search algorithm. Possible fault scenarios were simulated on the IEEE-30 Bus System in order to validate the methodology. The results show that the approach can provide satisfactory solutions, even in cases of multiple faults or failure of protections devices. / Este trabalho propõe uma nova metodologia para a estimação da seção de falta em sistemas elétricos de potência. O presente documento descreve uma ferramenta computacional capaz de auxiliar os operadores do sistema elétrico na tomada de decisão, favorecendo a confiabilidade do fornecimento da energia e a redução do tempo de reestabelecimento quando da ocorrência de falta. A metodologia proposta esta baseada na interpretação dos alarmes fornecidos pelo Sistema de Supervisão e Aquisição de dados (SCADA) e nas características elétricas do sistema, assim como impedâncias de linhas de transmissão e transformadores; nos estados dos disjuntores e nos sinais e ajustes dos relés de proteção de distância. A metodologia é determinística e utiliza a intercepção entre as zonas de proteção dos relés de distância como base para a estimação da seção e os estados dos disjuntores para associar as seções fisicamente isoladas no sistema ante a ocorrência de falta, fazendo uso de um algoritmo de busca do caminho mais curto. Possíveis cenários de falta foram simulados no sistema IEEE-30 barras a fim de validar a metodologia. Os resultados mostram que a abordagem consegue fornecer soluções satisfatórias, mesmo em casos de faltas múltiplas ou em caso de falha de dispositivos de proteção.

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