The annular-return flow and the utility of small-scale, combustion-based actuators for its control are investigated experimentally. The annular return flow is generated by an axial primary round jet, which impinges normally on a bounded end wall of a concentric tube, subsequently reverses direction, and exits the tube in a countercurrent flow to the primary jet. The combustion-based actuator generates a momentary (pulsed) jet that is produced by the ignition of a mixture of gaseous fuel and oxidizer in a small (cubic centimeter scale) combustion chamber. The operating frequency and the phase can be continuously varied by independently controlling the flow rate of the fuel/oxidizer and the ignition frequency. Two radially-opposing actuators are mounted on the wall of the annular return tube and are used to trigger flow transients that alter the global flow through strong feedback. The characteristics of the baseline flow and the effects of actuation are investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV) as well as static and unsteady pressure measurements. The baseline flow is highly unstable, exhibiting very high rates of flow recirculation. The actuator jet acts as an azimuthal obstruction deflecting the primary jet and causing it to flow around the actuator jet. Furthermore, the interaction of the primary jet with the actuator jets generates large-scale circulation domains.

Thesis (M. S.)--Literature, Communication, and Culture, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. / Committee Chair: Michael Nitsche, Ph.D.; Committee Member: Celia Pearce, Ph.D.; Committee Member: Eugene Thacker, Ph.D.; Committee Member: T. Hugh Crawford, Ph.D.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2006. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 161-174). Also available on the World Wide Web.

The scope of our examination of the ideas and beliefs of the Qumran sect and the Church of the New Testament is limited to what contributes to our understanding of the nature of the respective communities. No attempt is made to present a full theological examination of the concepts which arise. The aim is not an exhaustive treatment, but rather to suggest areas where the beliefs of the communities throw light on each other. Our method is to begin by establishing the beliefs of the Qumran sect in each case, with particular reference to the Manual of Discipline, and then comparing this with the corresponding concept in the New Testament. This avoids the danger of reading back later Christian ideas into our treatment of the Scrolls. In our examination of the New Testament texts, we shall not assume that they constitute a unity nor that they can be taken at face value, but that they bear the marks of the interests of the early Church and of the conflicting tendencies and practices which marked its development. Consequently the tools of Form, Source and Redaction Criticism are utilized where they can contribute to our purpose. Chapter 1, p. vi.

Shortly after landing in France on D-Day, 6 June 1944, the British began a programme of care for the military dead of North-West Europe which would last for some seven years. The dead included not only the fatal casualties of the 1944-45 campaigns to liberate the occupied countries and conquer Germany, but also those who had died during the defeats in Norway and France in 1940. In addition, there the many thousands of missing RAF airmen who had been lost throughout the six years of the war. The Royal Navy, for obvious reasons, had few land-based dead, and thus it was the Army and the RAF who carried out the complex programme, ranging over vast areas of Europe and into Soviet territory as the Cold War began. The Army had the central role in registrations, exhumations, and the creation of the new military cemeteries, whilst the RAF’s focus was almost entirely upon the search for its missing airmen. The Services had different motivations and different agendas, but the ultimate goal of each was the honourable burial of the dead and the creation of registers of the long-term missing, who would later be commemorated on memorials. The British search and graves units, by the nature of their work, often discovered evidence of war crimes. The high cultural standing of the British dead was intrinsically related to the horrors of the Nazi regime, and revulsion against the nation responsible for so much suffering led to difficult policy decisions on servicemen’s graves in Germany. It was a matter of pride, however, that the German dead, many thousands of whom became the responsibility of the British, were treated in almost exactly the same way as their own servicemen.

The current behavioural dead region (DR) diagnosis methods such as psychophysical tuning curves and the threshold-equalising noise test require extensive subject co-operation. These present methods cannot be applied to infants. The work presented in the thesis aimed to develop a fast objective DR diagnosis method that could be applied to sleeping hearing-impaired infants. A novel fast objective electrophysiological method of recording response amplitude curves (RACs) which could enable objective DR diagnosis was developed.RACs were derived by recording auditory steady-state response amplitudes using modulated signals in the presence of narrow-band maskers. Two RAC methods were investigated. In the swept method, RACs were recorded in a single test run by recording the response amplitudes across the frequency range of a continuously swept-frequency narrow-band masker. In the fixed method, response amplitudes of eight separate test runs, each in the presence of differing fixed-frequency narrow-band maskers, were recorded.RACs were recorded in normally hearing adult subjects. The results showed that for normally hearing subjects in condition 1 (swept masker), the mean recorded RAC tip for a 2-kHz signal was 2250 Hz and the repeatability coefficient of two repeated recordings in each subject was 389 Hz; in condition 2 (fixed masker), the respective values were 2251 Hz and 342 Hz. These results indicated that the swept masking method is a viable and fast way to record RACs in normally hearing adults.RACs and psychophysical tuning curves (PTCs) were recorded in hearing-impaired adult subjects in order to asses the tip-frequency agreement between the tests. In some cases there were difficulties in using the required signal and masker levels due to maximum sound level limits. The RACs were poorly shaped and had poor repeatability. These findings indicate that the RAC method that was successfully applied to normally hearing subjects requires further development for use with the hearing impaired. The possible causes for the differences in the accuracy of the method between normally hearing and hearing-impaired subjects are discussed. The work presented in this thesis provides the basis upon which further research can be taken forward. It is envisaged that this work, together with further research, will lead to a clinically-effective objective DR diagnosis method.

E. faecalis est une bactérie à gram positif, responsable d’infections nosocomiales. Dans cette étude, nous avons identifié par RNA-seq 65 ARN régulateurs potentiels induits en conditions de stress et/ou d’infection chez ce pathogène opportuniste. Parmi ceux-ci, trois ARN surexprimés in vivo, en présence de sels biliaires et à pH acide ont fait l’objet d’une étude approfondie.Le premier, SRC65, s’est avéré être un petit ARN (sARN) agissant probablement en trans. Il présenterait des fonctions redondantes avec son homologue SRC90. Différentes cibles potentielles ont été identifiées et des expériences de physiologie ont révélé un rôle de SRC65 dans le déclenchement de la phase exponentielle de croissance.Le 2ème ARN étudié est une région 5’ régulatrice non traduite (5’UTR), appelée 5’1515. Elle formerait un atténuateur et agirait de manière répressive sur le gène ef1515. EF1515 est un antiterminateur de la famille BglG/SacY capable de se fixer sur 5’1515 pour réguler son expression et celle du gène ef1516 localisé en aval et codant un système de transport des sucres de type PTS. L’antiterminateur EF1515 contrôle aussi l’expression du gène ef3023 codant une protéine impliquée dans la virulence d’E. faecalis.Le dernier ARN régulateur étudié est également une 5’UTR. Celle-ci participerait à la régulation d’une hélicase à motif DEAD (CshA) codée en aval de la 5’UTR. Sa caractérisation s’inscrit dans une étude plus large concernant les éléments du métabolisme des ARN, impliquant les ribonucléases et les autres hélicases à motif DEAD d’E. faecalis. CshA aurait un rôle prépondérant pour la bactérie, en étant impliquée dans la réponse au stress, le fitness et la virulence. L’identification de l’interactome de CshA a notamment permis d’identifier l’énolase comme partenaire privilégié. / E. faecalis is a gram-positive bacterium responsible for nosocomial infections. Using RNA-seq, we identified 65 putative regulatory RNA induced under stress and/or during infection. Of these, three RNA overexpressed in vivo, in the presence of bile salts and at acidic pH have were more deeply studied.The first, SRC65, was found to be a small RNA (sRNA) probably acting in trans. It would present redundant functions with its homologous sRNA SRC90. Different potential targets were identified and physiology experiments revealed a role for SRC65 in triggering the exponential growth phase.The 2nd studied RNA is a 5’ untranslated region (5'UTR), called 5'1515 which would form an attenuator and act repressively on the ef1515 gene. EF1515 is an antiterminator of the BglG/SacY family capable of binding at 5'1515 to regulate its expression and that of the downstream gene ef1516 encoding a PTS-type sugar transporter. The EF1515 antiterminator also controls the expression of the ef3023 gene encoding a protein involved in E. faecalis virulence.The last regulatory RNA studied is also a 5'UTR. It would participate in the regulation of a DEAD-box helicase (CshA) encoded downstream of the 5'UTR. Its characterization is part of a broader study of the elements of RNA metabolism, involving ribonucleases and other DEAD-box helicases of E. faecalis. CshA would have a prominent role for the bacteria, being involved in stress response, fitness and virulence. The identification of the CshA interactome made it possible to identify enolase as a preferred partner.

This senior thesis has two major purposes: One, to investigate and critique how experts characterize contemporary American post-westerns, second, to demonstrate, and suggest a more inclusive perspective through an analysis of Jim Jarmusch`s Dead Man (1996).Experts from the fields of film and American studies claim that there is a new phase in the genre’s development where post-western films move away from the conventions of the old, racist westerns. Accomplished authors have suggested that these films do not rely on the mythical west or on the regionalist culture but examine the west closely to determine the ways in which it differs from the representations and themes of the classical western. However, the films do not challenge the systematic misrepresentation of the crimes committed against Native Americans during the westward expansion which means that the films have not fully moved away from the old westerns. This cinematic perspective sickens the American conscience through the national narrative, as these films explore the early days of U.S. history. Nevertheless, Jim Jarmusch's Dead Man provides a new, much fuller perspective on the west, and faces the genocidal forces that America has thus far avoided within the western genre. Dead Man is a revisionist western that can help the genre to evolve even further, to include Native Americans and the truth of their history.

This thesis examines spectrality in Elizabethan literature, focusing on the ghost as a figuration of disjuncture within contemporary constructions of the dead. Taking account of the cultural unease and uncertainties about the afterlife generated during the Reformation, I explore how particular conceptualizations of the dead manifest instabilities that move the figure of the ghost into the disturbing role of the spectre. The literature I examine ranges from Elizabethan translations of Seneca and key theological treatises to examples of the English revenge tragedy produced by Shakespeare, Marston, and Chettle. In drawing upon this cross-section of work, I highlight the resonances between varying forms of spectrality in order to explore ways in which the ghost incorporates, but also exceeds, the theatre’s requirement for dramatic excess. It thus becomes clear that the presence of the spectre extends beyond the immediate purposes of particular writers or genres to expose a wider disruption of the relation between, and ontologies of, the living and the dead. The theoretical apparatus for this project is drawn primarily from deconstruction and psychoanalytic theory, with attention to the uncanny as an area in which the two intersect and overlap. These modes of analysis usefully highlight areas of disturbance and slippage within the linguistic and conceptual structures by which the living and dead are defined and understood. In adopting this approach, I aim to expand upon and complicate existing scholarship concerning the figure of the ghost in relation to sixteenth-century theological, philosophical, mythological, and popular discourses and traditions. I do so by demonstrating that the emergence of the uncanny arises through a culturally specific haunting of the form and language of Elizabethan treatments of the dead. The spectre thereby emerges as a figure that is as much the product as the cause of instabilities and erosion within the Elizabethan construction and containment of the dead.

A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine. / Children with prolonged mechanical ventilation after cardiac surgery have a higher risk for poor outcome due to a variety of ventilator‐associated morbidities. It therefore becomes essential to identify these children at higher risk of prolonged mechanical ventilation as well as find methods to identify children ready to be extubated as early as possible to avoid these complications. One physiological variable, the pulmonary dead space fraction (VD/VT), has been suggested as a possible indicator of prolonged mechanical ventilation. VD/VT essentially measures the amount of ventilated air that is unable to participate in gas exchange. Can VD/VT be used successfully in children undergoing cardiac surgery to identify those at risk for prolonged mechanical ventilation and identify those ready for extubation? Retrospective chart review of 461 patients at Phoenix Children’s Hospital in the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit since the initiation of standard application of the Philips NM3 monitors in October 2013 through December 2014. From the 461 patients screened, only 99 patients met all the inclusion criteria. These 99 patients consisted of 29 patients with balanced single ventricle physiology and 61 patients with two ventricle physiology. Initial postoperative and pre‐extubation VD/VT values correlated with length of mechanical ventilation for patients with two ventricle physiology but not for patients with single ventricle physiology. Additionally, pre‐extubation VD/VT values of greater than 0.5 indicated higher rates of extubation failure in two ventricle patients. Conclusion: For children with two ventricle physiology undergoing cardiac surgery, VD/VT should be used clinically to estimate the length of mechanical ventilation for these children. VD/VT should also be checked in these patients before attempting to extubate. If VD/VT is found to be higher than 0.5, extubation should not be attempted since the patient is at a much higher risk for extubation failure.