The thesis deals with the legal status of Ombudsman in the Czech Republic and abroad. It focuses primarily on comparison with ombudsman institutions in selected countries (France, UK, Italy, Germany, Poland, Slovakia and the European Union).The first chapter describes the basic characteristics of ombudsman institutions, their development and significance for today's society. The second chapter is analyzed in detail the legislation of the Ombudsman in the Czech Republic. The third and fourth chapter is devoted to ombudsmen abroad. The last chapter provides a comparison of individual laws in mentioned countries.

The thesis deals with legal status of the ombudsmen in the Czech Republic and selected states of the EU. It is focused on comparison of the ombudsmen in these coutries: Slovakia, Austria, Portugal, Denmark, Great Britain and european ombudsman. The aim of this thesis is to assess the czech institution of ombudsman in comparison with the others as well as offer an insight into his job. The first chapter is focused on the ombudsman in general. The following chapters deal with the ombudsmen in given countries, their competence, power and process of investigating complaints. The final chapter deals with comparison of the obtained results.

Apparue au sein de la péninsule ibérique à la sortie des dictatures salazariste et franquiste en vue de faciliter la transition vers la démocratie, la figure de l’ombudsman spécialisé, désormais réceptionnée par la France à travers l’institution du Défenseur des droits, trouve sa raison d’être contemporaine à l’aune de l’insuffisance des mécanismes classiques de garantie des droits fondamentaux. Spécialement aménagé pour la défense des droits et libertés, l’human rights ombudsman se présente, en effet, comme une forme de protection non juridictionnelle s’inscrivant dans une perspective de complémentarité des traditionnelles voies, spécialement juridictionnelles, de recours et, à ce titre, favorise l’émergence d’un système institutionnel de protection complet. Contribuant en pratique à une consolidation indiscutable des droits fondamentaux, la protection proposée par l’ombudsman spécialisé, aussi indispensable soit-elle, n’en demeure pas moins relative. Outre qu’il ne permet pas de combler l’ensemble des insuffisances affectant les autres instances de garantie, l’human rights ombudsman souffre lui-même d’imperfections de nature à préjudicier à l’effectivité de sa mission de sauvegarde des droits de la personne humaine. / The figure of the Human rights ombudsman appeared into the Iberian Peninsula at the demise of Franco and Salazar dictatorships in order to facilitate the transition to democracy. In France this figure finds its contemporary justification due to the insufficiency of the classic mechanisms of guarantee of the fundamental rights. The Human rights ombudsman is specially designed for the protection of fundamental rights, and is indeed a form of non jurisdictional protection in a perspective of complementarity of the traditional ways, especially the court of appeal and, as such, favors the emergence of an institutional system of complete protection. The protection proposed by the Human rights ombudsman contributes to an indisputable consolidation of the fundamental rights however it is essential that it remains relative. Yet, it does not fill all the inadequacies affecting the other instances of guarantee as the Human rights ombudsman suffers from imperfections likely to prejudice the effectiveness of its mission of protection of the person’s human rights.