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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA) e a disseminação de ideias de democracia na América Latina / The Organization of American States (OAS) and the dissemination of ideas of democracy in Latin America

Lacerda, Jan Marcel de Almeida Freitas 02 May 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Elesbão Santiago Neto (neto10uepb@cche.uepb.edu.br) on 2018-05-07T19:30:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Jan Marcel de Almeida Freitas Lacerda.pdf: 77234249 bytes, checksum: dd00552dbe34c61d0ff27902b86d1c7f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-07T19:30:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Jan Marcel de Almeida Freitas Lacerda.pdf: 77234249 bytes, checksum: dd00552dbe34c61d0ff27902b86d1c7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-02 / CAPES / This dissertation examines the role of the Organization of American States (OAS) in the dissemination of ideas of democracy in Latin America, especially from the Post-Cold War period to the present. Thus, it is based on two central arguments: that ideas matter in international relations; and that, among the international actors that spread them, the International Organizations – as International Bureaucracies – are agents in the construction, protection and defense of ideas. For this purpose, initially, the reflection will be built on the contributions of the constructivist perspective of International Relations, whose thought is that ideas are fundamental for the constitution of realities, agents, interests and identities in the international context. Regarding the international organizations, the constructivist approach of international institutions as international bureaucracies stands out, providing the understanding of the logic of these organizations, both in the structural aspect and in the relevance of sectors, individuals and staff of international bureaucracies. Then, this research will discuss the evolution of the ideas of democracy, focusing especially on the procedural (or minimalist) and substantial (or participacionist) conceptions, will show the specificity and the problems of the Latin American democracy, and will observe the concept of democracy advocated by the OAS at the regional level of performance, primarily through its normative influence. Finally, the OAS behavior and its cooperation in the thematic area of defense and protection of democracy will be observed, focusing, especially, on the influences of cognitive and executive organization and congruence of ideas through the development of cooperation between institutions in order to build reports of studies and dialogue mechanisms (seminars, forums and meetings), in which ideas of democracies also be defended and disseminated. To achieve the aim of this research, literature reviews on concepts used by theorists of Political Science and International Relations will be conducted, as well as documentary and discourse of international civil servants of the OAS analysis, and interviews. / A presente dissertação analisa o papel da Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA) na disseminação de ideias de democracia na América Latina, principalmente no período Pós-Guerra Fria até a atualidade. Assim, parte-se de dois argumentos centrais: as ideias importam nas Relações Internacionais; e, dentre os atores internacionais que as disseminam, as Organizações Internacionais – como Burocracias Internacionais – são agentes na construção, na proteção e na defesa das ideias. Para tanto, de início, a reflexão será construída a partir das contribuições da perspectiva construtivista das Relações Internacionais, cujo pensamento é de que as ideias são fundamentais para a constituição de realidades, agentes, interesses e identidades no contexto internacional. Já quanto às organizações internacionais, se sobressai a abordagem construtivista dessas instituições internacionais como burocracias internacionais, proporcionando a compreensão da lógica dessas organizações tanto no aspecto estrutural quanto na relevância dos setores, dos indivíduos e das equipes de servidores das burocracias internacionais. Em seguida, a pesquisa irá discutir a evolução das ideias de democracia, em especial focará nas concepções procedimentais (ou minimalistas) e substanciais (ou participacionistas), apresentará a especificidade e problemáticas da democracia latino-americana, e observará o conceito de democracia defendido pela OEA em âmbito regional de atuação, principalmente através de sua influência normativa. Por fim, será observado o comportamento e a cooperação da OEA em área temática de defesa e proteção da democracia, visualizando, sobretudo, as influências cognitivas e executivas da organização e a congruência de ideias por meio do desenvolvimento de cooperações entre instituições, com o intuito de construir relatórios de estudos e mecanismos de diálogo (seminários, fóruns e reuniões), nos quais ideias de democracias também serão defendidas e disseminadas. Para alcançar o objetivo da pesquisa, serão realizadas revisões literárias sobre conceitos utilizados por teóricos da Ciência Política e das Relações Internacionais, análises documentais e de discursos dos servidores civis internacionais da OEA, e entrevistas.
2

21st Century illiberal democracies in Latin America and the Inter-American Democratic Charter: Two models of democracy in the region? / Las democracias con libertades disminuidas en Latinoamérica en el siglo XXI y la Carta Democrática Interamericana: ¿Dos modelos de democracia en la región?

Soria Luján, Daniel 10 April 2018 (has links)
The Inter-American Democratic Charter (IDC) was adopted in 2001 by member states of the Organization of American States (OAS) as a renewed instrument for the defense of democracy, not only against traditional coup d´etat but also to face serious violations to horizontal accountability. The second assumption took into consideration, as a precedent, the political situation in Peru during Alberto Fujimori's administration (1995-2000), defined as a competitive authoritarian regime by Political Science and Constitutional Law scholars. However, during the last decade to the presentwe find in Latin America several countries with governments where the principle of checks and balances has been eroded as a result of measures adopted by their respective executive branch. This situation suggests the following concerns: The liberal democratic model of the IDC is in crisis? This model has been overcame by illiberal governments that privileges economic and social rights and restraints civil and political rights? Or both models a recondemned to coexist in the region? / La Carta Democrática Interamericana (CDI) fue adoptada en el año 2001 por los Estados miembros de la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA)  como  un  instrumento  renovado  para  la  defensa  de la democracia, no sólo contra el golpe de Estado tradicional, sino también para hacer frente a las graves violaciones de la responsabilidad horizontal. El segundo supuesto consideró, como precedente, la situación política en el Perú durante el gobierno de Alberto Fujimori (1995-2000), el cual fue definido por los académicos de Ciencias Políticas y Derecho Constitucional como un régimen autoritario competitivo. Sin embargo, durante la última década hasta la actualidad hemos hallado en América Latina varios países con gobiernos en donde el principio de equilibrio de poderes ha erosionado como resultado de las medidas adoptadas por sus respectivas ramas ejecutivas. Esta situación sugiere las siguientes preocupaciones: ¿El modelo democrático liberal de la CDI se encuentra en crisis? ¿Este modelo ha sido vencido por los gobiernos liberales lo cuales privilegian a los derechos económicos y sociales y restringen los derechos civiles y políticos? ¿O ambos modelos están condenados a coexistir en la región?

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