The effects of pain suffered from musculoskeletal disorders by dental professionals may lead to reduced work hours, loss of production, and early retirement. Although third- and fourth-year dental students are provided lectures about musculoskeletal disorders, proper positioning and ergonomics, they are at an increased risk of developing MSD. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence on musculoskeletal disorders in third- and fourth-year dental students and to determine if third-year dental students experience more MSD pain than fourth-year dental students at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry. A total of 50 third- and fourth- year dental students responded to the online questionnaire, 21 third-year dental students and 29 fourth-year dental students. Both third- and fourth-year dental students report experiencing MSD pain over the last twelve months. There was no statistically significant difference between MSD pain felt between third- or fourth-year dental students.

Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de conocimiento y actitudes de los estudiantes de odontología en una universidad de Lima – Perú, frente a la atención de paciente con VIH/SIDA y las normas de bioseguridad. Materiales y métodos: La muestra estuvo conformada por 34 personas encuestadas. Utilizamos instrumentos identificados en la literatura científica y que habían sido previamente validados y adaptados. Se obtuvo la estadística descriptiva, que incluye frecuencia y porcentaje de las variables cualitativas. Para el análisis bivariado se trabajó con la prueba exacta de Fisher para determinar las asociaciones estadísticas entre las variables de estudio cualitativas. Se presentan exploraciones de correlaciones entre las variables más importantes. Resultados: Todos los encuestados tuvieron puntajes aprobatorios y actitudes favorables hacia el VIH/SIDA y el tratamiento de pacientes con este diagnóstico. Por más que todos los alumnos hallan aprobado, muchos aprobaron con un resultado bajo o casi llegando a ser desaprobados. Además, no se pudo completar el numero necesario de encuestas debido a problemas por la pandemia del COVID-19. Conclusiones: Si bien los resultados las encuestas realizadas que se hicieron fueron con resultado aprobatorio y favorable, el hecho que haya habido un impedimento, como la pandemia del COVID-19, para poder llegar a conseguir la muestra completa de encuestas, pudo haber hecho que el resultado no sea el definitivo, por lo que se optó por realizar un estudio preliminar para que en un futuro se pueda investigar a mayor profundidad. / Objective: To evaluate the level of knowledge and attitudes of dental students at a university in Lima – Peru, regarding the care of patients with HIV / AIDS and biosafety standards. Materials and methods: The sample consisted of 34 people surveyed. We used instruments identified in the scientific literature and that had been previously validated and adapted. Descriptive statistics were obtained, which includes frequency and percentage for qualitative variables. For the bivariate analysis, Fisher's exact test was used to determine the statistical associations between the qualitative study variables. Explorations of correlations between the most important variables are presented. Results: All respondents had passing scores and favorable attitudes towards HIV / AIDS and the treatment of patients with this diagnosis. As much as all the students have passed, many passed with a low or almost failing result. In addition, the necessary number of surveys could not be completed due to problems due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: Although the results of the surveys that were carried out were with an approving and favorable result, the fact that there has been an impediment, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, to be able to get the complete sample of surveys, could have made that the result is not the final one, so it was decided to carry out a preliminary study so that in the future it can be investigated in greater depth. / Tesis

Assessment is a critical component of the educational experience. The purpose of this study was to examine dental students’ assessment preferences and their relation to students’ approaches to learning. The study also investigates the impact of gender, age, GPA and class level on dental students’ assessment preferences. Two hundred sixteen dental students at University of the Pacific Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry have completed a self-reported 67-item questionnaire. Open-ended questions requiring long answers were the least preferred assessment method as perceived by the dental students, while multiple-choice questions are the most preferred assessment method. Deep approach to learning was significantly and positively correlated with oral test, alternative test, concept map, open-ended questions and questions that require higher order thinking. Surface approach to learning, however, was not significantly correlated with any assessment type. Age, gender, GPA and class level all have significant impact on dental students’ assessments preferences.

No description available.

Purpose: Unhealthy behaviors and bad habits are some of the major problems modern healthcare is facing and cause serious consequences in both oral health and health in general. Therefore one important aspect of modern dental and medical training is training in health behavior change. In this field, a counseling method and technique called Motivational Interviewing (MI) has shown quite promising results. MI training is introduced and applied as a part of the students training in various dental and medical educational centers. The purpose of this systematic literature review was to study the effects of MI training on dental and medical students’ counseling skills and their confidence in health behavior change communication with the patients. Method: The study was a systematic literature review, conducted from December 2010 to May 2011. Identification of relevant individual studies for this review was made by analyzing data collected through searches in seven different databases: PubMed; Cohrane Central; Trip; PubMed Clinical Queries; Cinhal; Medline and Health Information Resources. Results: Seven relevant articles were found. Six articles showed that MI training seem to have an altering effect on the counseling skills of the students. Five articles showed improvement in the students’ confidence in using MI and behavior change communication. Conclusion: Training in MI seems to have a positive influence on the communication skills of the students leading to improved counseling techniques and better ability to counsel patients on health behavior change.

The universal presence of anatomy in healthcare professions is undeniable. It is a cornerstone to each of the clinical and basic sciences. Therefore, further expansion of current anatomical knowledge and effective methods to teach anatomy is essential. In this work, the relationship of the dorsal scapular artery with the trunks of the brachial plexus is explored with the hope that information on anatomical variation will assist neurosurgeons in sparing these structures during clinical procedures. Additionally, structures involved in biventricular pacing procedures, such as the coronary sinus and Thebesian valve, are explored for their variations in both presence and presentation. Simulations of cannulations with both 7F and 8F guiding catheters were used to collect data regarding the length of travel of a catheter within the coronary sinus. This study aimed to expand current knowledge of the coronary structures that are of importance to electrophysiologists. Furthering knowledge of how best to teach anatomy to healthcare professionals was also an aim of this work. The first education study explored whether the method of instruction affected student success in a basic science course. This study also investigated the degree of knowledge mastery that healthcare professional students had achieved in gross anatomy, microanatomy and physiology during their first year physiology course. The students were assessed at the knowledge, comprehension, application and analysis levels of Bloom's taxonomy in each discipline. A pilot study explored the degree of prior knowledge in human gross anatomy that the same healthcare professional populations (medical, dental and podiatry) possessed before beginning the first year general gross anatomy course in their healthcare curriculum. The ability for these students to evaluate when they had answered a gross anatomy question correctly and when they had answered a question incorrectly (metacognition) was explored. All four studies in this work provide further insight into anatomical education in both the clinical and basic science environments. / Cell Biology

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Maryland at College Park, 1996. / Thesis research directed by the Dept. of Counseling and Personnel Services. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Maryland at College Park, 1996. / Thesis research directed by the Dept. of Counseling and Personnel Services. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Submitted by NEILA PAULA DE SOUZA null (neilapsouza@hotmail.com) on 2016-10-03T12:41:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Texto parcial.pdf: 337207 bytes, checksum: b9d37dcafd680c86cfcf322b63bd5142 (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: A versão do trabalho submetida ao Repositório Institucional UNESP deve conter o texto completo. A equipe do Repositório se encarregará de disponibilizar apenas o conteúdo parcial que segundo a Portaria UNESP 396 de 10 de setembro de 2015 consiste em: Artigo 3º V - conteúdo parcial: as páginas pré-textuais (a folha de rosto, a dedicatória, os agradecimentos, a epígrafe, o resumo na língua vernácula, o resumo em língua estrangeira, as listas de ilustrações, de tabelas, de abreviaturas, de siglas e de símbolos e o sumário), a introdução, a conclusão ou as considerações finais e as referências do trabalho. 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Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-10-05T14:55:51Z (GMT) / Submitted by NEILA PAULA DE SOUZA null (neilapsouza@hotmail.com) on 2016-10-06T22:18:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Neila Paula de Souza.pdf: 772082 bytes, checksum: d5e2138ecb931158491a3bb1b8afb66b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-10-11T12:23:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_np_dr_araca_par.pdf: 460863 bytes, checksum: 4893cc920a29197cfb36639b1bf845b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T12:23:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_np_dr_araca_par.pdf: 460863 bytes, checksum: 4893cc920a29197cfb36639b1bf845b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A infecção pelo vírus da hepatite (HCV) é um grave problema mundial de saúde pública. Os graduandos do curso de Odontologia apresentam alto risco de exposição à infecção pelo vírus por meio de lesões percutâneas ocupacionais e exposição dos olhos, vias de infecção já estabelecida na literatura científica. Estudos têm apontado o potencial de transmissão do HCV por vias não parentais, tal como por meio do compartilhamento de objetos contaminados, como as escovas de dente. Assim, toda a população e, principalmente, os indivíduos infectados devem ter conhecimento sobre a infecção viral e precisam executar os cuidados com as escovas de dente, com o propósito de prevenir a transmissão do patógeno. Por essas razões, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento sobre a infecção entre os graduandos do curso de Odontologia e suas atitudes frente aos pacientes infectados; e investigar o conhecimento sobre a transmissão viral entre os indivíduos infectados e as atitudes em relação aos cuidados com as escovas de dente. Para avaliar o conhecimento sobre a infecção pelo HCV entre os estudantes e suas atitudes frente aos pacientes infectados foi realizado um estudo transversal com 340 indivíduos de duas universidades públicas. Utilizou-se um instrumento contendo informações sobre: características sociodemográficas, conhecimento sobre o HCV e atitudes frente aos pacientes infectados. Os procedimentos de estatística descritiva e os testes: exato de Fisher, t de Student, U de Mann-Whitney e regressão logística múltipla (RLM) foram realizados (p <0,05 foi considerado significativo). Com o propósito de investigar o conhecimento sobre a transmissão viral dos pacientes, realizou-se um estudo com 112 indivíduos infectados pelo HCV de uma cidade do noroeste do estado de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário composto por perguntas sobre: dados sociodemográficos, conhecimento da transmissão do HCV e atitudes em relação aos cuidados com escovas de dente. As variáveis foram expressas como frequências, porcentagens, médias e desvios-padrão. A análise estatística incluiu os testes: Qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher e estimação de máxima verossimilhança (p <0,05 foi considerado significativo). Os resultados demonstraram que 46% dos graduandos não tinham alto nível de conhecimento e 97,7% deles demonstraram atitudes positivas. Já em relação aos pacientes infectados com o HCV, os resultados demonstraram que 46% dos indivíduos não tinham bom nível de conhecimento sobre a transmissão do HCV, 43,5% não identificaram a transmissão do vírus por meio de escovas de dente e 80% não acreditavam na transmissão do HCV pela saliva. Em relação aos cuidados com as escovas de dente, 35,3% apresentaram atitudes inadequadas em relação aos cuidados com as escovas de dente. Conclui-se que os estudantes de Odontologia e os pacientes demonstraram um conhecimento insatisfatório sobre a infecção pelo HCV, foram observadas algumas lacunas, sugerindo a importância da educação continuada sobre a infecção pelo vírus nessas populações, a fim de prevenir a transmissão da hepatite C, bem como reduzir a discriminação e o preconceito contra pacientes que apresentam a doença. / Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide health problem. Dental students are at high risk of exposure to infection with HCV through occupational percutaneous injuries and eye exposure, infection routes established in the scientific literature. Some studies have pointed the potential of transmission by sharing infected instruments, like toothbrushes. Thus, the population and mostly infected patients must be made aware of the infection and execute care with toothbrushes, in order to prevent transmission of the pathogen. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge about HCV infection amongst dental students and their attitudes towards patients infected with HCV and, to investigate the knowledge about viral transmission among HCV infected individuals and attitudes regarding toothbrush care. In order to evaluate the knowledge about HCV infection and their attitudes amongst dental students, a cross-sectional survey was conducted amongst 340 Brazilian dental students from two public universities using an instrument containing information regarding demographic characteristics, knowledge of HCV and attitudes towards patients with HCV infection. Descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test, Student’s t-tests, Mann–Whitney U-test and multiple logistic regression (MLR) were carried out (P < 0.05 was considered significant). For purposes of to investigate the knowledge about viral transmission among HCV infected individuals, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 112 HCV-infected individuals from Uberlandia City, Minas Gerais State (Southeast Brazil). Data were collected through a questionnaire containing demographic data, questions about knowledge of HCV transmission and, attitudes regarding toothbrush care. Variables were expressed as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations. The statistical analysis included Chi-square test, Exact Fisher’s test and Maximum Likelihood Estimation (p < 0.05 was considered significant). Forty six percent of participants had low knowledge level, 97.7% demonstrated positive attitudes. Regarding HCV infected patients, 46% showed poor Knowledge level of HCV transmission; 43.5% percent did not identify HCV transmission through toothbrushes, 80% did not believe in HCV transmission by saliva and, 35.3% had inappropriate attitudes towards care with toothbrushes. In conclusion, dental students and HCV infected patients demonstrated an unsatisfactory knowledge of HCV infection, some gaps were observed, suggesting the importance of continuous education about HCV in this population in order to prevent HCV infection as well as discrimination and prejudice towards patients with hepatitis C.

Submitted in full compliance with the requirements for the Master of Health Sciences in Dental Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017. / With the transformation in Higher Education (HE), the number of Black African students entering South African universities increased significantly (72%). Black African students accounted for 77.38% of the total student population at Durban University of Technology (DUT). It has been noted that the majority Black African students in HE are first-generation students, many are under-prepared, and come from low-socioeconomic backgrounds. Students from this racial group tend to make incorrect career choices due to a lack of knowledge, experience, and adequate vocational guidance and career counselling. To add to this, many University of Technology programmes, such as Dental Technology, are vocational in nature and prepare students for unfamiliar industries. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated with student recruitment practices and student profiles in the Dental Technology programme at the DUT. This cross-sectional study employed a mixed method approach. An online survey recruited Dental Technology students who entered the programme from 2008 to 2012. The students’ demographic information was retrieved from the Management Information System (MIS) Department. The survey generated categorical data, which was analysed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) which included frequencies, cross-tabulation, Chi-Square test, and Spearman's Rank Order Correlation. Semi-structured interviews with Dental Technology lecturers and the staff involved in student recruitment practices generated qualitative data which was analysed using QSR NVIVO 10. Common themes were classified and discussed. The findings showed that 75% of Dental Technology students were Black African. Only 28% came from urban areas and 81.4% of students attended government schools. Furthermore, 60% relied on financial aid for the payment of their tuition fees. Two categories of necessary attributes emerged i.e. general attributes for an HE student (intrinsic qualities e.g. passion, positive attitude) and the practice specific attributes for Dental Technology (e.g. good eye-hand coordination, manual dexterity). However, the academic staff indicated that the programme is not attracting its desired students. Added to this, is the fact that from the 2008 – 2012 initial intake of 157 students, 41% dropped out of the programme. According to Dental Technology staff, there are no programme-specific student recruitment practices, and they rely on the institutional recruitment practices. However, qualitative findings showed that the DUT employs a generic approach which includes branding and direct promotion with academic departments only minimally involved, reducing the likelihood of effectively recruiting desired students for specific academic programmes such as Dental Technology. About 83% of students indicated that they had not been exposed to any of the DUT’s recruitment practices while they were still in high school. With these findings, it can be concluded that the association between the profiles of the student participants and the current student recruitment practices in the Dental Technology programme is incongruent and weak. In essence when students are recruited to enrol in academic programmes in an institution there needs to be a strong relationship between academic departments and the staff members responsible for recruiting students as the academic staff members are better able to clearly explain the intricacies of their respective programmes and they have an accurate understanding of their desired students. The student recruitment personnel are equipped to sell or market the institution and its offerings to prospective students, but there is clearly a need for the Dental Technology programme to pay more attention to the manner in which their students are recruited and retained. This will help to improve the programme's pass rates and dropout rates while addressing the issues of access, equity, diversity. / M