Vitiligo is an idiopathic, non-contagious and often familial depigmentation disorder affecting both sexes equally. The mostly progressive and patchy loss of the inherited skin colour is not only a cosmetical problem, it has a profound impact on the patient's well-being. Stigmatisation and rejection often causes depression, self-consciousness, sexual problems and an impaired quality of life. To further substantiate earlier investigations and to introduce new aspects, we utilised the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Adjustment to Chronic Skin Disorders Questionnaire (ACS) with its sub-scales on Social anxiety/avoidance, Helplessness and Anxious-depressive Mood in 422 patients and 55 healthy controls. We also included 103 children, their parents and 18 controls by using the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) and an adapted version of the ACS. We found that patients with vitiligo experience high levels of stigmatisation. They have an impaired quality of life and are more socially anxious/avoidant, helpless and (anxious-) depressive compared to healthy controls. The results correlate with disease severity, avoidant behaviour/hiding of vitiligo and the belief that psychological stress influences the disease. Female patients are generally more affected. Treatment with pseudocatalase PC-KUS improves quality of life and reduces anxious-depressive mood. Children also suffer from stigmatisation and an impaired quality of life. Parents are more socially anxious and helpless compared to the control group.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Delaware, 2006. / Principal faculty advisor: Julie A. Hubbard, Dept. of Psychology. Includes bibliographical references.

Depression is a significant mental health concern with a pivotal increase of incidence during adolescence, specifically for females. Currently, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most widely tested treatment for depression. Yet, it is unclear how CBT functions to produce effective outcomes. Adult studies have shown that behavioral components of CBT are more effective than cognitive components in reducing depression at acute treatment. Both behavioral and cognitive components have been shown to be effective in preventing relapse of depressive symptoms at follow up. Yet less is understood about how treatment components work together to provide positive outcomes, particularly for depressed youth. The overall goal of this study was to examine which parts of treatment (cognitive and/or behavioral) aid in symptom reduction and to determine if treatment outcome is mediated by cognitive change. Forty two pre-adolescent girls, aged 9-14, participated in a 20-session manualized group CBT program. The first portion of treatment (session 1-9) focused the behavioral intervention and the second portion of treatment (sessions 11-19) focused on cognitive interventions while continuing to reinforce behavioral interventions when necessary. Self report measures and diagnostic interviews were completed at pre-treatment and post-treatment. Using multiple regression analyses, the findings of this study supported the role of behavioral and cognitive interventions in reducing depression. Behavioral interventions were found to significantly reduce depression at post-treatment. Additionally, cognitive interventions were found to play a small, but significant role in post-treatment outcome, with preliminary evidence that cognitive interventions could also be linked to treatment outcome one year later. Treatment specificity could not be tested, as the cognitive change of depressed girls was not directly influenced by the behavior and cognitive interventions. Exploratory analysis demonstrated the significant role of behavioral techniques such as behavior activation, positive reinforcement, homework review, and skills training in predicting outcome of treatment. Implications of the results, limitations, and recommendations for future research are provided. / text

Thesis (Ed. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, School of Education, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2007. / Principal faculty advisor: Julie A. Hubbard, Dept. of Psychology. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2003. / Advisor: Neil Abell, Florida State University, School of Social Work. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Mar. 2, 2004). Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Sílvia Regina Brandalise / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T02:55:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Perina_ElisaMaria_D.pdf: 1193619 bytes, checksum: 7cda6c283059389c190b1f4ec5abc432 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Com o surgimento de novos recursos diagnósticos e terapêuticos, o tratamento das crianças e adolescentes com câncer resultou em significativo aumento da sobrevida. Os efeitos tardios relacionados a doença e ao tratamento causam impacto na saúde e na qualidade de vida dos jovens recuperados de câncer, abrindo a discussão dos limites da cura frente a toxicidade e qualidade. Com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada a saúde de adolescentes sobreviventes de câncer na infância e verificar sua relação com ansiedade, depressão e estresse pós-traumático, realizou-se um estudo quantitativo transversal analítico com 208 adolescentes, entre 13 e 18 anos, que se encontravam ha mais de três anos fora de terapia, em seguimento multiprofissional no Ambulatório da Clinica Apos o Termino da Terapia do Centro Infantil de Investigações Hematológicas Dr. Domingos A. Boldrini, no período de marco de 2009 a abril de 2010. Utilizaram-se o Questionário Pediátrico de Qualidade de Vida PedsQL¿ - Relato do adolescente e Relato dos pais sobre o adolescente - 13 a 18 anos para a determinação do escore de qualidade de vida relacionada a saúde, a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão ("Hospitalar Anxiety and Depression Scale" - HAD) e a Versão Civil da Avaliação de Estresse pós-traumático ("Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist - Civilian Version). Constataram-se diferenças dos aspectos, atividade, sumários e escore total de qualidade de vida do PedsQL¿ entre os adolescentes segundo o gênero e o tipo de câncer. Houve correlação significativa e diferença entre a avaliação dos adolescentes e dos pais. Comprovou-se a relação inversa entre a qualidade de vida e a idade, a ansiedade, a depressão e o estresse pós-traumático. Apesar de apresentarem seqüelas físicas e comprometimento no aspecto funcional, a qualidade de vida dos adolescentes foi considerada satisfatória, baseado no escore total do PedsQLTM. A identificação precoce das necessidades dos sobreviventes, no programa de seguimento de sobreviventes de câncer na infância, e dos fatores de risco para o desencadeamento de efeitos tardios, somáticos ou psicossociais, permitira estruturar novas intervenções para a sua efetiva reabilitação. / Abstract: With the emergence of new diagnostic and therapeutic resources, the treatment of children and adolescents with câncer resulted in a significant increase in survival. Secondary effects of the disease impact the health and quality of life of young people recovered from câncer. Aiming to evaluate the quality of life related to adolescent health in childhood câncer survivors and to assess its relation to anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress, we conduct an analytical cross-sectional quantitative study with 208 adolescents between 13 and 18 years, off therapy for more than three years in After Completion of Therapy Clinic of Children's Center of Hematologic Investigation Dr. Dominic A. Boldrini (Centro Infantil de Investigações Hematológicas Dr. Domingos A. Boldrini, Campinas, SP, Brazil), from March 2009 to April 2010. We used the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory PedsQL¿ Generic Score Scale Adolescent ages 13-18 years - Self-report by adolescent and Report from parents of adolescents, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist - Civilian Version. Differences were observed at aspects, activity, summaries, and total score of the PedsQL¿ among adolescents according to gender and type of câncer. There was significant correlation and difference between the assessment of adolescents and their parents. Proved the inverse relationship between quality of life and age, anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress. Although they present no physical disability and impairment in the functional aspect, the quality of life for adolescents was considered satisfactory, based on PedsQL¿. Early identification of the needs of survivors in the after completion of therapy clinic follow, and risk factors for the onset of late effects, somatic or psychosocial interventions new structure will allow for their effective rehabilitation. / Doutorado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Doutor em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente

M.Cur. (Psychiatric Nursing) / In this research an attempt was made to identify manifestations of depression in black children and give mental health education to their mothers in an attempt to alleviate the state of depression in the children. A questionnaire was structured as a tool for collection data. The instrument was based on a standardized depression scale which was used cross-culturally by the World Health Organization during 1983. The non-probability sampling procedure was carried out utilising a purposive sampling method in compiling an experimental and a control group of mothers of depressed children in a quasi-experimental research design. A mental health education programme on depession was developed which was given to mothers in the experimental group. The individual method of teaching was utilised based on adult education principles. At the end of the mental health education session, each mother got a brochure in the language preferred by the mother. Mothers from the control group did not have any discussions on depression. The study was done over the period of three months from 6 August 1988 to 26 October 1988. The analysis of gathered data was computerised using the Mann-Whitney U-test of SPSSX for the independent group and the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test for the dependent groups. The non-parametric statistics of the Z-va1ue and two-tailed probability was utilised. The findings on the comparison. between the experimental group pretest and the control group pretest revealed that there were not any statistical difference in eight of the ten variables of depression i.e. helplessness, anxiety, sleep disturbance, school problems, interpersonal relations, self concept, guilt feelings and the disturbance of perception. The other two variables, suicide and physical functioning, were not included because they showed significant statistical difference prior to experimentation. There was no significant statistical difference between the eight variables of the state of depression in the findings of the control group pretest with the control group post test. That means that if mothers of depressed children do not receive mental health education, the children's state of depression could remain the same. In conclusion, mental health education to mothers of depressed children seems to have a positive effect on a child's emotional stability. It can contribute substantially to diminishing the occurance of childhood depression.

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