Thesis (doctoral)--Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, 1926. / "Sonderabdruck aus: Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik, Bd. 6, 1926"--P. [1]. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

The problem in this study was to design, build, and use a projection box to determine if it will help the student to better visualize problems included in descriptive geometry.

This study was conducted to ascertain whether or not the opportunities for developing competencies in descriptive geometry needed by draftsmen in the Dallas -Fort Worth area are being provided in Texas junior colleges. Findings concerning the knowledge, skills, and equipment associated with descriptive geometry as it is presented in Texas junior colleges were compared with competencies in descriptive geometry that representatives of industry believe are important for successful draftsmen in companies in the Dallas-Fort Worth area. The purpose of the study is to compile information which will be of use to school officials and teachers in developing courses of study that will enable students to acquire the knowledge and skills needed for success in industry.

This thesis documents the history of descriptive geometry teaching in the Czech lands from its beginnings (i.e. from the 1830s) to the World War II. The center of the work is the description of development of descriptive geo- metry teaching at secondary schools, especially "Realschule�, supplemented with an analysis of Czech secondary school textbooks and a brief comparison between the situation in the Czech lands and foreign countries. Attention is also paid to the characterisation of descriptive geometry lectures at Czech and German polytechnics and universities in Prague, Brno and Příbram, inclusive of university textbooks. The work also mentions a brief global de- velopment of projection methods and a contribution of Czech geometers to the development of descriptive geometry. The thesis is supplemented with large factual and pictorial addenda.

The topic of this thesis concerns computer software for 3D modelling SolidWorks and its use for descriptive geometry problems creation. Descriptions of techniques of work in SolidWorks 3D parametric modeller are a part of this thesis, as well as the work with the software itself and description of problems being solved by it. Thesis also includes options of possible use of the final interactive gadget at basic and elementary schools. Moreover, in conclusion there is described to what extend it is appropriate to use SolidWorks software for descriptive geometry problem solving and when some problems might occur.

An aim of this diploma thesis is to create interactive descriptive geometry coursebook. As a basis for coursebook creation was used "Present State of Descriptive Geometry Education on High Schools Survey" which was proceeded via questionnaire. Before the creation of coursebook itself were made analyses of accessible textbooks, geometric softwares in use and possible environments for coursebook content presentation. A result is integrated part of subject matter taught on high schools complemented by solved examples and interactive applets created in software GeoGebra. The coursebook content is presented in a form of HTML sites on a public website http://www.sadsam.cz/dg/ and also as an off- line version on DVD disc enclosed.

No description available.

As habilidades espaciais, em particular a de visualização, são intensamente requeridas por inúmeras profissões artísticas, técnicas e científicas. Muitos estudos mostram que a visualização espacial pode ser desenvolvida e melhorada através de atividades apropriadas, por exemplo, os cursos de Desenho Técnico e Geometria Descritiva. Este trabalho propõe a especificação e o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta didática para apoio ao ensino de Geometria Descritiva baseada em técnicas de Realidade Virtual, em especial a estereoscopia. A ferramenta proposta destina-se a permitir a execução dinâmica de construções geométricas tridimensionais, possibilitando a criação de situações espaciais pelo usuário, neste caso, o professor em sala de aula. Visando incrementar a percepção das relações espaciais entre os elementos representados, foi adotada a projeção estereoscópica passiva, o que permitirá aos estudantes a visualização da geometria em três dimensões, com percepção da profundidade. Além disso, a ferramenta inovadora proposta se caracteriza como uma solução de baixo custo e viável para uso por grandes grupos. A metodologia de avaliação utilizada na pesquisa experimental envolveu três grupos distintos de estudantes: controle, teste-estéreo e teste-mono. O primeiro recebeu instrução convencional de Geometria Descritiva enquanto que os demais foram expostos à nova ferramenta, operando em modo estereoscópico e, no terceiro caso, sem este recurso. Os principais efeitos do uso do sistema nas aulas tradicionais de Geometria Descritiva indicaram que os três grupos de estudantes analisados apresentaram melhoras no desenvolvimento de suas habilidades espaciais. No entanto, não foi possível detectar diferença estatisticamente significativa pela análise dos ganhos médios proporcionados pelos tratamentos diferenciados empregados na pesquisa experimental. Além da avaliação quantitativa, a pesquisa envolveu a aplicação de uma avaliação qualitativa, que indicou melhor aceitação da ferramenta pelos estudantes, se comparada aos métodos convencionais de ensino. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a tecnologia estereoscópica se apresenta como uma boa alternativa a ser explorada em sala de aula contribuindo para a aprendizagem do tema. / Spatial skills, specially visualization, are intensely required by numerous artistic, technical and scientific professions. Many studies show that spatial visualization can be developed and improved through appropriate activities like, for example, Technical Drawing and Descriptive Geometry courses. This work proposes the specification and development of a didactic tool to support teaching of Descriptive Geometry based on Virtual Reality techniques, particularly the stereoscopy. The tool is designed to enable the dynamic execution of three-dimensional geometric constructions, allowing the creation of spatial situations by the user, i.e. the teacher in the classroom. Aiming to increase the perception of spatial relationships between the elements represented, a passive stereoscopic projection was adopted, which will allow students to visualize the geometry in three dimensions, with depth perception. In addition, the proposed innovative tool represents a low cost solution, feasible for using by large groups. The evaluation methodology used in the experimental research involved three separate groups of students: control, mono-test and stereo-test. The first received conventional instruction in Descriptive Geometry while the others were exposed to the new tool, operating in stereo mode and, the third case, without this feature. The main effects of system usage in traditional classes of Descriptive Geometry indicated that the three groups of students showed improvements in the development of their spatial skills. However, no statistically significant difference was verified by analysis of the mean gain provided by the different treatments used in the experimental research. In addition to the quantitative evaluation, the research involved the application of a qualitative evaluation, which indicated the tool was better accepted by students, if compared to the conventional methods of teaching. The obtained results showed that stereoscopic technology is a good alternative to be used in the classroom, contributing to the learning of the theme.

Este trabalho analisa a aplicação da proposta de uma nova sequência didática para a disciplina de Geometria Descritiva, que trata do ensino da visualização espacial. A proposta foi desenvolvida a partir da construção das noções de espaço e questões gerais sobre aprendizagem, conhecimento e desenvolvimento possibilitados pelo apoio teórico da Epistemologia Genética de Jean Piaget. A pesquisa, de tipo longitudinal, foi realizada em 4 (quatro) turmas de Curso Técnico em Edificações, sendo utilizado o método Dialético-Didático para o desenvolvimento das aulas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de registros em diários de campo, fotografias e produções gráficas dos alunos. São feitas comparações entre a nova sequência didática e a antiga e apresentadas as possíveis vantagens da utilização da nova sequência, fundamentada no princípio que a construção das noções espaciais se constitui a partir de noções topológicas, na direção de noções projetivas e depois euclidianas. Este trabalho não encerra as pesquisas sobre a melhor sequência didática para a visualização espacial, mas alerta pela busca de uma aprendizagem duradoura e significativa para a vida profissional dos alunos. / This work analyzes the application of the proposed of a new didatic sequence for the discipline of Descriptive Geometry, which deals with the teaching of the spacial visualization. The proposal was developed from the construction of the notions of space and general questions about learning, knowledge and development made possible by the theorical support of Jean Piaget’s Genetic Epistemology. The research, of longitudinal type, was performed in 4 (four) class sizes of Technical Course in Edifications, having been used the Dialectic-Didatic method for the development of the classes. Data were collected through registries in field diaries, photographs and graphic productions of the students. Comparisons are made between the new and the old didatic sequence and the possible advantages of using the new sequence are presented, based on the principle that the construction of spacial concepts is founded upon topological notions toward notions of projective and afterwards Euclideans. This work does not end the researches on the best didatic sequence for spacial visualization, but we believe it is on the right track to provide more chances to develop a lasting and significant learning for the professional life of the students.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-09-11T11:55:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Nelson Rangel Coutinho Neto.pdf: 1017081 bytes, checksum: 48847c819281a97d7502570c6852b27b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-11T11:55:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Nelson Rangel Coutinho Neto.pdf: 1017081 bytes, checksum: 48847c819281a97d7502570c6852b27b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The Descriptive Geometry had its origin during the Napoleonic Age through the mathematician Gaspard Monge. It arrived in Brazil in the early nineteenth century by imposition of D. Jo?o VI. It excelled mainly as part of the curriculum of higher education courses such as Engineering, Architecture and Arts discipline. In high school, teaching Descriptive Geometry is almost extinct, being restricted to only a few more traditional institutions. However, Descriptive Geometry is closely related to the Space Geometry, Analytical Geometry and Differential and Integral Calculus, so that its application in middle school will be of fundamental contribution to the learning of other geometric concepts / A Geometria Descritiva teve sua origem durante a Era Napole?nica atrav?s do matem?tico Gaspard Monge. Chegou ao Brasil no in?cio do s?culo XIX por imposi??o de D. Jo?o VI. Destacou-se basicamente como disciplina integrante de curr?culos de cursos superiores, tais como Engenharia, Arquitetura e Artes. No ensino m?dio, o ensino da Geometria Descritiva est? praticamente extinto, ficando restrito apenas a algumas institui??es mais tradicionais. Entretanto, a Geometria Descritiva se relaciona intimamente com a Geometria Espacial, a Geometria Anal?tica e os C?lculos Diferencial e Integral, de maneira que sua aplica??o no ensino m?dio poder? contribuir para o aprendizado de outros conceitos geom?tricos