Thesis--Toulouse. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [7]-9).

Thesis--Toulouse. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [7]-9).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 1916. / "Issued also by the Department of Public Welfare, City of Chicago, 1916." Bibliography: p. [68]-73.

The present study examines welfare problems of desertion of one parent of either sex, from the standpoint of both public and private welfare agencies. Deserted families come to the attention of welfare societies because of economic need, marital problems, and maladjusted children in their homes. The public agency may provide (a) temporary financial assistance while endeavouring to contact the deserter, and (b) protection services for the children in the home. Generally, the focus of the private agency is on (a) the marital problem and (b) the preservation of the home for the children, as well as (c) the exploration of resources within the community. Frequently, however, permanent plans can not be worked out due to the sporadic periods of desertion, and the family situation continues to deteriorate. This study is based on thirty records of deserted families from the Family Welfare Bureau of Vancouver, and twenty-five public agency records relating to Regina, from the Child Welfare Branch of Saskatchewan. The sample was confined to cases in which temporary or permanent desertion appeared to be the focal problem; and, in all cases studied, there were children in the home. The material used includes the files kept by the agencies on each case. The cases were studied and evaluated from three welfare viewpoints. The contact of the private or public agency on the deserter is vitally important for its influence on the outcome of the home situation; nevertheless, it is difficult to assess it, because the type of recording does not usually lend itself to a detailed analysis of the reaction between the client and the worker. The effects of desertion in the financial area can be evaluated in a more objective manner, from the effects on the family and the methods by which economic assistance were given. The third part of the study examines what happens to children in homes broken by desertion. From the group surveyed, children from twenty-five families were placed temporarily or permanently for periods varying from three months to permanent wardship (twenty-one years in Saskatchewan). The financial cost of the dependency of these children for each family studied would approximate $2400.00 per family. But this does not take into consideration the cost of maintaining the broken families on a public assistance level, nor the costs of lives damaged by desertion. There is evidence that the problems inherent in homes broken by desertion could be helped by (a) education for marriage, (b) better professional guidance from social and legal agencies, and (c) an expanding and more effective, community programme for family groups. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate

Univ., Diss.--Erfurt, 2006.

Thesis (doctoral)--Université de Lausanne.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1922. / Reprinted from The journal of delinquency, Sept.-Nov. 1922. Bibliography: p. 329-333.

The purpose of this study has been to review desertion legislation; and to examine social work participation in the administration of desertion laws. The key question posed is: Does legislation work in dealing with cases of desertion? In order to gather answers to the key question, pertinent legislation is reviewed. Included is: (a) The Canadian Criminal Code; (b) maintenance legislation of the provinces of Ontario, Saskatchewan and British Columbia; (c) common law remedies; and (d) certain English and American laws which pertain to desertion. To gain an understanding of the policies and problems of administering desertion legislation, interviews were held with those who are working daily with eases of desertion and non-support. Interviewed were; Judges of the Family Court, Magistrates, police, probation officers, provincial and municipal social welfare administrators, and social workers. The Family Court is the acknowledge authority in dealing with problems of desertion. Because of this, its policies were used as a guide in reviewing the procedures followed by other social welfare agencies throughout British Columbia. This study suggests that; (a) certain minor revisions would strengthen the British Columbia Wives' and Children's Maintenance Act; (b) desertion Is as much a social problem as a legal problem; (c) social workers would be well advised to consider taking a more active part in court cases involving desertion; (d) in the final analysis a man cannot be forced to support his dependents if he wilfully refuses; and (e) skillful social work help can assist many deserters to assume their maintenance responsibilities. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate

Despite their many successes, Roman leaders continually struggled with indiscipline in their own ranks as they battled Rome's opponents. Desertion and defection were steps that soldiers often undertook to avoid their obligated service. Previous scholarship has largely overlooked this aspect of Roman warfare. This dissertation analyzes why Roman soldiers began turning to desertion and defection throughout the Republican period. Such cases were generally rare in early Rome, but the expanding responsibilities and hardships of warfare in the Middle Republic caused them to rise, as did the sizeable growth of the Roman community. The civil wars of the Late Republic saw especially high cases of such acts, as generals incentivized defections in their opponents ranks. Roman desertion was not unique, but a common occurrence in ancient warfare. This dissertation also addresses how Romans capitalized on desertion and defection in warfare. The Second Punic War offers an example of how Rome achieved victory by encouraging defection in its enemy's alliances. Romans also relied heavily on defectors as a source of intelligence and as a tool in siege warfare. The moral forces of commitment, discipline, dissatisfaction, and desertion were often as important as the tactics and technologies of the participants in Rome's wars.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / After analysing stories of 44 former soldiers from Zimbabwe (39 army deserters and 5 who resigned from the army), I argue that even though they were disillusioned by the Zimbabwe National Army's conduct both in war and during peacetime deployment, in exile in South Africa they continue to hold on to their military identities. While in many studies trained soldiers are presented as capable of becoming civilians in post-combat life, my thesis points to the difficulties associated with such a process. Even though scholars present military identities as fluid, I argue that it is also deeply embodied and expressed through ‘bodily disposition’. In substantiating my argument, I employ Bourdieu’s (1990) theory of habitus and field, to reveal how what was learned in the military is difficult to unlearn. I argue that the practice of clinging onto a soldierly identity is a social and economic resource for the former soldiers who became my research participants. The soldierly habitus is social because of its capacity to elicit and provide a bonding space in the absence of a supportive exile host community. It is a financial resource in the sense that it represents military skills that enable these former soldiers to access productive work in the formal and informal markets. I argue that, even though these former soldiers have the capacity to engage in violence, they have remained disciplined, while skillfully deploying their ‘soldierly-ness’. Although these former soldiers experience nightmares of, for instance, having killed in war, they continue to ‘soldier on’ in their exile context. They journey between two different, but complementary, spaces of healing, the Pentecostal churches and a soldier-in-exile support group. Even so they remain dissatisfied with what both spaces have to offer. The two spaces, with different kinds of support for the former soldiers, present seemingly contradictory results which the soldiers themselves try with limited success to integrate, in rebuilding their lives. They do not find conclusive healing in either space and continue to experience nightmares, while perceiving such a situation as part of the soldiering ‘self’: an on-going military life outside the barracks. Methodologically, I employed qualitative research methods. I utilised ethnographical tools which included the life history approach, field conversations and group discussions in order to understand the exiled soldiers’ past and how and why they have remained stuck in their military past. Having been a soldier in the Zimbabwe National Army myself for more than 10 years, I explain why I found it interesting, yet complex, to study my comrades. The interviews were done in the IsiNdebele and ChiShona languages, with a few done in English. The choice of language was influenced by each former soldier’s preference.