This essay discusses the width of the late medieval desertion of farms in Sweden from an archaeological perspective. The object of the essay is to investigate if archaeological investigations and research during the last 10-15 years have changed the view of the late medieval desertion in relation to the Scandinavian research project on deserted farms and villages. The essay also deals with questions on causes to the desertion and when desertion occurred. An ambition of the essay is also to give a general picture of archaeological investigations during the last 10-15 years considering the late medieval desertion. The analyses-material consists mainly of reports from archaeological investigations. Most of the investigations analysed in this essay are investigations of single farms. Because of this it is natural these investigations do not say much about the width of the desertion. As long as an archaeological investigation is not a part of a large project, where the purpose is to show the width of the desertion, one cannot expect that one single investigation will give much information or knowledge about the width. However, if the ambition is to obtain a complete picture of a medieval deserted farm or village, this essay confirms that an archaeological investigation is necessary, willingly in an interdisciplinary cooperation.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Texas Christian University, 2007. / Title from dissertation title page (viewed Dec. 10, 2007). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Frankfurt (Main), 2005/06. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [207]-221).

Research has shown that both males and females agree that child-support payments should be consistent. However, census bureau data has indicated that nonpayment of child support is a significant problem in the United States. This study investigated the ways in which females make sense of the phenomenon of child support nonpayment via the construction of personal narratives.Ten adult females were interviewed to obtain stories of child-support nonpayment. The interviews were recorded and transcribed and discrete narratives were isolated for analysis. The constant comparative method was used to compare and contrast the data in order to discover the themes inherent to the process of sense-making through the construction of personal narratives.The analysis revealed three categories of narratives of child-support nonpayment: Action, Coping, and Prescriptive. The findings suggested that each of the categories revealed salient dimensions (i.e., themes) inherent to those categories. Furthermore, these themes were utilized to assign meaning to, and hence make sense of, the experience of child-support nonpayment. / Department of Speech Communication

Diss. Univ. der Bundeswehr München, 2007. / Originaltitel: Die kursächsische Armee und der Siebenjährige Krieg, Titel der Diss.

La deserción universitaria se ha convertido en un problema importante a ser investigado. La tasa de deserción ha llegado a constituir uno de los principales indicadores de eficiencia interna dentro de cualquier institución de educación. Investigar las causas de la deserción con metodologías adecuadas que permitan predecir esta, contribuye a la toma de decisiones dentro de la gestión de la unidad académica. El objetivo del presente proyecto consiste en investigar y proponer una metodología que permita identificar en forma automática a los estudiantes con mayor riesgo de deserción de las carreras de Ingeniería Informática en la Universidad Ricardo Palma. Para la implementación de este proyecto se adoptó la metodología CRISP-DM que estructura el proceso de minería de datos en seis fases, que interactúan entre ellas de forma iterativa. Se evaluaron los modelos de Árboles de decisión y Clustering para analizar el comportamiento de los estudiantes, evaluando factores como el rendimiento del alumno, condición social y aspectos socioeconómicos. La exactitud de los modelos es calculada a partir de la información que brindó la Oficina Central de Informática y Cómputo de la Universidad Ricardo Palma, en la cual se realizó una transformación y simulación de algunas variables para mayor efectividad del modelo. The college desertion has become an important problem to be investigated. The desertion rate has come to be one of the main indicators of internal efficiency in any educational institution. The research of the causes of desertion with appropriate methodologies to predict, contributes to decision making in the academic management The objective of this project is to investigate and propose a methodology to automatically identify students at high risk of dropping out of the Computer Engineering career at the Ricardo Palma University. To implement this project, we used the CRISP-DM methodology to structure the data mining process into six phases, which interact with each other iteratively. It was applied the models of decision trees and clustering to analyze the behavior of the students, evaluating factors such as student performance, social status and socio-economic aspects. The accuracy of the models is calculated from the information provided the Central Office of Information and Computation at the Ricardo Palma University, in which it was applied a transformation and simulation of some variables for greater effectiveness and performance of the model.

Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2016-06-15T14:36:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Giovane Albino Silva.pdf: 1981675 bytes, checksum: 34249eb9644d0af6e104dc2e1891b212 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-15T14:36:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Giovane Albino Silva.pdf: 1981675 bytes, checksum: 34249eb9644d0af6e104dc2e1891b212 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The main goal of this paper is analyse the reasons which encouraged the desertion of soldiers in the regular troops of Pernambuco Captainship in between 1774-1808. The difficulties from the recruits’ evasion reverberate on the documents which were exchanged among colonial administrators, in which the information show the concerns towards the escape of soldiers. Published notices in the Captainship aimed to threaten the ones who disobeyed that conduct, predicting since the prison of family members until the fugitive’s death, in order to decrease the massive desertions in the army. We analyse Pernambuco governors’ reports, especially letters and missives which were sent to the ultramarine advisors, aiming to clarify the ways by which they tried to explain the escapes, besides understanding the numerous alternatives used to hinder their spread. We have focused essentially on the military maps which had been built since the second half of the 18th century, in which the cases of prisoners sentenced for desertion were pointed out and contain important data for the research, such as the penalties and pardons given to the fugitives. The observation of strategies to establish ways of surviving in the society was based on the analyses of three inquiries, which offer clues and possibilities of those men’s social insertion in the villages and colonial cities. Therefore, we seek to contribute for the understanding of one of the main difficulties that bothered the regular troops during the colonial period as a result of the aversion to the military service and the resistance promoted to the activities in the army. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar os motivos que estimularam a deserção de soldados nas tropas regulares da Capitania de Pernambuco entre os anos de 1774-1808. As dificuldades provenientes da evasão de recrutas reverberam nas documentações trocadas entre os administradores coloniais, cujas informações evidenciam as preocupações com as fugas de soldados. Editais foram publicados na Capitania almejando ameaçar os que incidissem nessa conduta, prevendo desde a prisão de familiares até a pena de morte, a fim de refrear as deserções no exército. Analisamos os relatos dos governadores de Pernambuco, sobretudo cartas e ofícios enviados aos conselheiros ultramarinos, com o intuito de explanar as formas pelas quais eles explicavam as fugas além de compreender as diversas alternativas utilizadas para impedir sua propagação. Balizamo-nos, essencialmente, nos mapas militares constituídos a partir da segunda metade do século XVIII, onde foram assinalados os casos de presos sentenciados por deserção e que contém dados importantes para a pesquisa, tais como as quantidades, penalidades e perdões fornecidos aos fugitivos. A observação das estratégias para traçar caminhos de sobrevivência na sociedade teve por base a análise de três devassas, que oferecem indícios e possibilidades de inserção social desses homens nas vilas e cidades coloniais. Dessa forma, procuramos contribuir para o entendimento de uma das principais dificuldades que afligiam as tropas regulares no período colonial, resultado da aversão ao serviço militar e das resistências promovidas às atividades no exército.

Muitas formas de cuidado parental aumentam a sobrevivência da prole, ao custo de uma diminuição na capacidade dos pais em investir em proles futuras. Espera-se, portanto, que indivíduos parentais adotem estratégias de cuidado que lhes permitam balancear benefícios imediatos e custos futuros, otimizando seu sucesso reprodutivo total. Nesta dissertação, testamos um potencial custo e um benefício do cuidado maternal do opilião Neosadocus maximus, espécie cujas fêmeas desertam suas desovas periodicamente e acrescentam ovos a elas por um período de até duas semanas características únicas entre opiliões com cuidado maternal. Exploramos também quais fatores permitem a deserção temporária das fêmeas de N. maximus. Mais especificamente, testamos as seguintes hipóteses: (1) o cuidado maternal protege os ovos contra predadores, que são mais comuns no período noturno; (2) o cuidado maternal diminui a fecundidade imediata da fêmea; (3) a camada de muco que as fêmeas depositam sobre seus ovos mantém a prole protegida nos momentos de deserção temporária. Nossos resultados apontam que o cuidado maternal é uma proteção eficaz contra o ataque de predadores, sem afetar negativamente a fecundidade imediata das fêmeas. Demonstramos também que a camada de muco mantém os ovos relativamente protegidos na ausência da fêmea guardiã, permitindo que estas se ausentem de suas desovas sem deixar a prole totalmente vulnerável. Sendo assim, a camada de muco que recobre os ovos de N. maximus permite que estas fêmeas minimizem os custos fisiológicos associados ao cuidado maternal sem, entretanto, aumentar os custos da deserção em termos de redução de prole provocada por predação. / Many forms of parental care increase offspring survival, at the cost of a decrease in the parental individuals capacity to invest in a future brood. It is expected, therefore, that parental individuals adopt parental strategies that allow them to balance immediate benefits and future costs, optimizing their total reproductive success. In this thesis, we aimed to identify costs and benefits of maternal care in the harvestman Neosadocus maximus, whose females periodically desert their broods and add eggs to their clutches for up to two weeks unique characteristics among harvestmen with maternal care. We also explored which factors allow N. maximus females to desert their clutches frequently. We tested the following hypothesis: (1) maternal care protects the eggs against predators, especially at night; (2) maternal care decreases the current female fecundity; (3) the mucus coat covering the eggs protects them against predators even in the absence of the guarding female. Our results indicate that maternal care is an effective protection against egg predators, and does not decrease current female fecundity. We also demonstrated that the mucus coat provides effective protection to the eggs in the absence of the guarding female, allowing them to abandon periodically their clutches without leaving the offspring completely vulnerable to predators. The mucus coat covering N. maximus eggs allows these females to minimize the physiological costs of caring, with no severe increase in the cost of deserting in terms of brood reduction by predation.

En la provincia de Huaura, uno de los principales factores de deserción estudiantil, es la preferencia por los trabajos agrícolas y la falta de una metodología educativa que responda a los intereses de los locales. Por ello, se planteó como proyecto de tesis, un complejo de carácter educativo-comunitario orientado a desarrollar el programa arquitectónico en relación a la pedagogía por Alternancia; la cual, reconoce la importancia de una formación técnica y básica en el medio rural. A partir de este principio, la escuela logra erigir espacios para el aprendizaje que van más allá de permanecer en las aulas y establece la distribución de estos, basado en los procesos productivos de una agroindustria. Finalmente, la propuesta arquitectónica desarrolla la apertura de los espacios físicos para permitir los nexos entre el campo y el espacio público, semi-público y privado; lo cual, incentiva la formación teórico-práctico de manera experimental y pone en valor las actividades agrícolas-pecuarias. / In the province of Huaura, one of the main factors of student desertion is the preference for agricultural work and the lack of an educational methodology that responds to the interests of the locals. For this reason, as a thesis project, a community-educational complex in the district of Santa María was proposed; which was oriented to develop the architectural program in relation to Alternation pedagogy; which recognizes, in rural areas, the importance of technical and basic training. In this way, it was possible to develop in the architectural proposal the nexus for the connection of the field with the public, semi-public and private space; which encourages theoretical and practical training in an experimental form and places value on agricultural-livestock activities. / Tesis

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-02-10T17:15:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MaurícioSouza2.pdf: 2051546 bytes, checksum: a2fbd7adbe15d7c63c36897de8c8e697 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-10T17:15:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MaurícioSouza2.pdf: 2051546 bytes, checksum: a2fbd7adbe15d7c63c36897de8c8e697 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-08 / One of the mainly challenges encountered while managing Higher Education Institutions are the consequences caused by students desertion. It is a problem that results in discomfort and preoccupation about the organization sustainability. The consequences of school evasion increase are causing damages not only to the education, but also to the future of a Nation. The present work looks for the identification of the students characteristics, not only of those who dropped out of school, but also of the newly graduated, trying to comprehend the influencing factors that support the students decisions of deserting or finishing the graduation course, and also comprehend the strategies used by the researched institution. For this purpose the mainly approaches were considered about the concepts of desertion, various ways of its calculation used by Higher Education Institutions and its most common causes. This work primary focus is to obtain a deeper knowledge about student desertion to give background to new studies that could help in preventing school dropouts. It is about a case study considering a private school small-sized located in the interior of the State of Sao Paulo and its higher education in-person courses of bachelor and technology degree in Social Sciences. The survey was conducted with structured questionnaires applied to dropout students and students who got their degree, both between 2012 and 2015, and structured interviews with managers, teachers and recent dropout students. The results have showed similarity among students with small differences between the group of desertion causes of each one. Keywords: / Uma das principais dificuldades encontradas na gestão de Instituições de Educação Superior (IES) são as consequências provocadas pela evasão discente. A evasão é um problema que gera desconforto e preocupação quanto à sustentabilidade organizacional. As consequências do aumento da evasão são prejudiciais não só para a educação, mas também para o futuro de uma Nação. O presente trabalho procura identificar as características dos estudantes, não só daqueles que evadem, mas também dos que concluem os cursos, na busca de uma compreensão dos fatores que influenciam os alunos a evadirem ou concluírem um curso, além de entender as estratégias aplicadas pela Instituição pesquisada. Para tanto, foram feitas abordagens dos principais conceitos de evasão, das diversas formas de cálculo utilizadas pelas IES e das causas mais comuns da mesma. O foco do trabalho é aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o tema para possibilitar novos estudos que colaborem com os esforços no combate à evasão. Trata-se de um estudo de caso em uma IES privada de pequeno porte, localizada no interior do Estado de São Paulo, levando em consideração os cursos superiores presenciais de bacharelado e tecnologia na área de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas. Foram aplicados questionários estruturados junto a alunos evadidos e formados entre 2012 e 2015, e entrevistas estruturadas com gestores, professores e alunos recém-evadidos. Os dados apresentaram homogeneidade entre os alunos com pequenas diferenças entre o conjunto de motivos da desistência de cada um.