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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Ubiquitinylation and deubiquitinylation in the regulation of the transcription factor NF-kB activation / Ubiquitinylation et déubiquitinylation dans la régulation de l’activation du facteur de transcription NF-kB

Poalas, Konstantinos 10 October 2013 (has links)
L’activation de la signalisation NF-κB par de nombreux immunorécepteurs met en jeu un large signalosome. Afin de propager cette signalisation en réponse à différents stimuli, l’oligomérisation d’adaptateurs pourvus de domaines d’interaction protéine-protéine est nécessaire. Alors que certains adapteurs sont communs d’autres sont spécifiques à un immunorécepteur donné. Une des principales caractéristiques partagées par toutes ses protéines est leur capacité à être poly-ubiquitinylé de façon non-dégradative afin d’aboutir à une activation optimale de NF-κB. Ce projet avait pour objectif d’identifier de nouvelles déubiquitinylases impliquées dans la signalisation NF-κB. C’est ainsi que nous avons identifié USP34 comme étant un régulateur négatif de la signalisation NF-κB induite par le TCR dans des cellules Jurkats, une lignée de lymphocytes T immortalisés. Nos données suggèrent un modèle dans lequel USP34 permet d’éviter l’activation excessive de NF-κB, en agissant directement ou indirectement sur les dimères NF-κB/IκBα, en aval d’IKK, et en modulant l’affinité du facteur de transcription pour l’ADN. Parallèlement, l’étude du microenvironnement des membranes endocellulaires responsables du recrutement des signalosomes formés en réponse à l’activation du TCR, du TNFR et du CD40 a permis l’identification d’une protéine - clé de la signalisation NF-κB, la MTDH. Cette protéine du RE s’est révélée être un relais déterminant pour l’activation d’IKK et donc la propagation du signal NF-κB. / Large signalosome assembly is a prerequisite for NF-κB signaling upon engagement of various immunoreceptors. Adaptor proteins containing protein-protein interaction domains oligomerise in response to such stimuli in order to propagate signaling. Each immunoreceptor uses distinct adaptors, as well as common ones, to achieve that. The main characteristic shared by these proteins is their ability to undergo poly-ubiquitinylation in a non-degradative manner, leading to optimal NF-κB activation. In this work, we aimed to identify novel deubiquitinylating enzymes that control ubiquitinylation status. That is how USP34 came up to be a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling in TCR-activated Jurkat cells, a T lymphocyte cell line. Our data suggest a model whereby USP34 prevents excessive NF-κB activation by acting rather late, directly or indirectly on the NF-κB:IκBα dimers, downstream of IKK, altering transcription factor DNA binding affinity. In parallel, studies of the endocellular membrane microenvironment that hosts mature signalosomes in response to TCR-, TNFR- and CD40 ligation led to the identification of an ER-residing protein, Metadherin (MTDH), which seems to globally integrate signaling before forwarding it to downstream pathway components able to activate IKK.
2

Ubiquitinylation and deubiquitinylation in the regulation of the transcription factor NF-kB activation

Poalas, Konstantinos 10 October 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Large signalosome assembly is a prerequisite for NF-κB signaling upon engagement of various immunoreceptors. Adaptor proteins containing protein-protein interaction domains oligomerise in response to such stimuli in order to propagate signaling. Each immunoreceptor uses distinct adaptors, as well as common ones, to achieve that. The main characteristic shared by these proteins is their ability to undergo poly-ubiquitinylation in a non-degradative manner, leading to optimal NF-κB activation. In this work, we aimed to identify novel deubiquitinylating enzymes that control ubiquitinylation status. That is how USP34 came up to be a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling in TCR-activated Jurkat cells, a T lymphocyte cell line. Our data suggest a model whereby USP34 prevents excessive NF-κB activation by acting rather late, directly or indirectly on the NF-κB:IκBα dimers, downstream of IKK, altering transcription factor DNA binding affinity. In parallel, studies of the endocellular membrane microenvironment that hosts mature signalosomes in response to TCR-, TNFR- and CD40 ligation led to the identification of an ER-residing protein, Metadherin (MTDH), which seems to globally integrate signaling before forwarding it to downstream pathway components able to activate IKK.

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