The focus of this study is to critically analyse the legislative framework for private and public private zonemodels in Zambia. The analysisis against the background of Zambia’scommitment to promote private sector development and the initiative to use the investmentpolicy tool of special economic zones (SEZs). The analysis is based on the salient provisions of Zambia’s Development Agency Act and Public Private Partnerships Act which regulate SEZs and public private partnerships respectively.. The main question sought to be addressed is the efficacy of the legislative framework for private and public private model zones, taking into account accommodation of private sector participation and nature of the investment and business environment. In addressing this question this study will analyse the salient provisions of the aforementioned laws showing how private sector actors are accommodated in the development and operation of the zones.The provisions under the aforementioned laws are to an extent analysed in conjunction with some of Zambia’s international trade and investment obligations such as the World Trade organisation Trade Related Investment Measures. An examination of how the incentives in SEZs are used is also provided as well as some lessons from Ghana, Mauritius and identified international best practices The main findings of the study include the following:  In so far as admission of investors to develop and operate SEZs is concerned the legislative framework does not generally discriminate between local and foreign investors and that admission through PPPs accommodates various kinds of well-known PPPs, even allowing prospective investors to kick start projects through submission of unsolicited proposals;  The need for Zambia’s SEZ policy to continuously evolve and diversify by undergoing relevant changes and improvements so that it remains relevant and adapts to the evolving nature of market availability and needs of SEZs whilst leveraging on Zambia’s comparative advantages;  The interplay between SEZs and Zambia’s international obligations present challenges and opportunities and thus revealing cause for the better appreciation of opportunities and complexities of SEZ policies and consequence of Zambia’s membership in more than one regional arrangement Need to periodically review the incentive structure so that Zambia does not inadvertently loss revenue through incentives that do not necessarily prove useful to investors or yield the intended benefits for the country. Based on the foregoing findings, among others,this study concludes that factors relating to the establishment of SEZs in Zambia incorporate private sector participation through the lifecycle of SEZs, that is to say from the time the investment is sought to be made to when it is becomes operationalmaking significant stride towards achieving openness to private sector participation through private and public private zone models. Against the foregoing findings and conclusion this study recommends,interalia, forcontinuous and timely observation and assessment of the shifts in use of SEZ policies vis-à-vis changes in the macroeconomic conditions in whichthe SEZ policy is to be implemented and investor market availability. The rationale of the recommendation is so that any necessary review of the Zambian SEZ policy and pursuit of enhanced private sector development is done from an informed position. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / gm2015 / Centre for Human Rights / LLM / Unrestricted

No description available.

The Indian government’s twin objectives of protecting the tiger population in the Nallamala forest in Andhra Pradesh and providing “development” to the indigenous Chenchu people have resulted in an on-going process of Chenchu displacement from the forest. The research is an anthropological intervention to comparatively analyze the development definitions of the Chenchu people (N=15), subgrouped location-wise as Deep Forest Chenchu, Intermediate Forest Chenchu, and Displaced Chenchu, and the Government and NGO representatives (N=13), including Integrated Tribal Development Agency representatives, NGO workers, and conservation authorities. Both groups defined development as access to basic amenities, education and jobs, health, freedom, livestock, and well-being in varying agreements. The study concludes that discrepancies exist in the development perspectives of the two groups, the Chenchu displacement is unsystematic, and the implementation of development projects was non-uniform. Small sample size, limited research time, and gender imbalance are some of the limitations of this study.

Considerando o atual cenário de desenvolvimento local no Brasil, nota-se que o grande desafio para os gestores de políticas públicas é o processo de avaliação dessas políticas. Muito se evoluiu em planejamento, implantação e execução. Contudo, não basta implementar políticas públicas; faz-se necessário avaliar as contribuições de suas ações, norteadas por seus principais objetivos e por sua razão de existência. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa propôs-se a analisar as possíveis contribuições geradas pelas ações da Agência de Desenvolvimento de São João da Boa Vista às micro e pequenas empresas (MPE) locais. Para tanto, foram selecionados dois projetos de apoio às MPE, implementados e gerenciados pela Agência de Desenvolvimento de São João da Boa Vista - projeto de revitalização das MPE comerciais e projeto de revitalização das MPE industriais. Foram utilizadas duas metodologias nesta pesquisa: a Metodologia de Diagnóstico de MPE de Allegretti, por meio da qual se buscou identificar o desempenho gerencial e operacional das MPE assistidas e não-assistidas pela Agência e fazer uma comparação entre os desempenhos desses dois grupos, e a Metodologia de Sistemas Flexíveis - Soft Systems Methodology (SSM), de Peter Checkland, que foi aplicada com os gestores e parceiros da Agência e com os empresários participantes dos projetos de revitalização do comércio e da indústria, a fim de identificar as contribuições geradas por esses dois projetos às MPE assistidas pela Agência. Com a aplicação da Metodologia de Diagnóstico, constatou-se que o desempenho das empresas que foram acompanhadas pela Agência de Desenvolvimento de São João da Boa Vista foi superior ao desempenho das não-assistidas, em todas as dimensões analisadas. Com a aplicação da Metodologia de Checkland, constatou-se que os projetos de revitalização do comércio e da indústria promoveram reais contribuições às MPE participantes. Essas contribuições foram agregadas por meio da consolidação de novas competências gerenciais e operacionais no perfil dos empreendedores e de seus colaboradores. Dentre as várias contribuições identificadas, ressalta-se a mais significativa: o surgimento de uma cultura de aprendizagem organizacional, onde todos têm consciência da importância de suas contribuições enquanto \"atores\" que compõem o sistema \"Agência de Desenvolvimento\", e enquanto elementos interrelacionados com os outros atores internos e externos do sistema, e que buscam continuamente sua melhoria, sendo todos responsáveis pelos resultados alcançados. / Considering the present local development in Brazil, the biggest challenge for managers of public policies is to evaluate these policies. The arrangement, implantation and execution have improved a lot. However, it is necessary to evaluate the contribution of its actions, guided by its main purposes. This research is aimed to evaluate the promising contributions generated by the actions promoted by the Development Agency of São João da Boa Vista for micro and small local companies. To reach this purpose, two projects, managed by the Development Agency of São João da Boa Vista which supports micro and small companies, were selected: the revitalization of micro and small commercial company project and the revitalization of micro and small industry project. The methodologies that support the research were the Diagnostic Methodology of Micro and Small Companies, elaborated by Allegretti, which was applied to identify the performance of micro and small companies, and the Soft System Methodology (SSM), elaborated by Peter Checkland, which was applied to identify the contributions developed by those projects. The research showed that the performance of micro and small companies supported by the Development Agency was superior to the performance of those which were not supported by the Agency, in all analyzed dimensions. It was also shown that the revitalization of micro and small commercial company project and the revitalization of micro and small industry project promoted real contributions to the micro and small companies which took part in the program. These contributions were aggregated by the consolidation of new abilities to the employers\' and collaborators\' profile. It is important to stand out the most relevant contribution identified: the appearance of apprenticeship culture, in which everybody is aware of their acts and contributions, and in witch everybody perceives themselves as \"actors\" that compose the system \"Development Agency\", which promotes their improvement, being responsible for the results reached.

Tématem diplomové práce je ukázka česko-polské přeshraniční spolupráce na příkladu Euroregionu Glacensis. Ten již celou jednu dekádu úspěšné působí v mnoha oblastech přispívajících k rozvoji svého území. Jeho členové jsou úspěšnými uživateli nemalého množství grantových schémat vypisovaných institucemi na krajské, státní i evropské úrovni. Jako ukázka dotačního titulu je uvedena Iniciativa Společenství INTERREG III A a její opatření 2.2 ? Podpora iniciativ místních komunit (Fond mikroprojektů), kterou hojně aplikují členské obce Euroregionu Glacensis ve svých projektech. Je totiž primárně určena na neinvestiční projekty charakteru ?People-to-people? a tudíž ji lze chápat jako nejdůležitější finanční podporu využívanou k navazování a utužování kontaktů na obou stranách hranice.

No description available.

Considerando o atual cenário de desenvolvimento local no Brasil, nota-se que o grande desafio para os gestores de políticas públicas é o processo de avaliação dessas políticas. Muito se evoluiu em planejamento, implantação e execução. Contudo, não basta implementar políticas públicas; faz-se necessário avaliar as contribuições de suas ações, norteadas por seus principais objetivos e por sua razão de existência. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa propôs-se a analisar as possíveis contribuições geradas pelas ações da Agência de Desenvolvimento de São João da Boa Vista às micro e pequenas empresas (MPE) locais. Para tanto, foram selecionados dois projetos de apoio às MPE, implementados e gerenciados pela Agência de Desenvolvimento de São João da Boa Vista - projeto de revitalização das MPE comerciais e projeto de revitalização das MPE industriais. Foram utilizadas duas metodologias nesta pesquisa: a Metodologia de Diagnóstico de MPE de Allegretti, por meio da qual se buscou identificar o desempenho gerencial e operacional das MPE assistidas e não-assistidas pela Agência e fazer uma comparação entre os desempenhos desses dois grupos, e a Metodologia de Sistemas Flexíveis - Soft Systems Methodology (SSM), de Peter Checkland, que foi aplicada com os gestores e parceiros da Agência e com os empresários participantes dos projetos de revitalização do comércio e da indústria, a fim de identificar as contribuições geradas por esses dois projetos às MPE assistidas pela Agência. Com a aplicação da Metodologia de Diagnóstico, constatou-se que o desempenho das empresas que foram acompanhadas pela Agência de Desenvolvimento de São João da Boa Vista foi superior ao desempenho das não-assistidas, em todas as dimensões analisadas. Com a aplicação da Metodologia de Checkland, constatou-se que os projetos de revitalização do comércio e da indústria promoveram reais contribuições às MPE participantes. Essas contribuições foram agregadas por meio da consolidação de novas competências gerenciais e operacionais no perfil dos empreendedores e de seus colaboradores. Dentre as várias contribuições identificadas, ressalta-se a mais significativa: o surgimento de uma cultura de aprendizagem organizacional, onde todos têm consciência da importância de suas contribuições enquanto \"atores\" que compõem o sistema \"Agência de Desenvolvimento\", e enquanto elementos interrelacionados com os outros atores internos e externos do sistema, e que buscam continuamente sua melhoria, sendo todos responsáveis pelos resultados alcançados. / Considering the present local development in Brazil, the biggest challenge for managers of public policies is to evaluate these policies. The arrangement, implantation and execution have improved a lot. However, it is necessary to evaluate the contribution of its actions, guided by its main purposes. This research is aimed to evaluate the promising contributions generated by the actions promoted by the Development Agency of São João da Boa Vista for micro and small local companies. To reach this purpose, two projects, managed by the Development Agency of São João da Boa Vista which supports micro and small companies, were selected: the revitalization of micro and small commercial company project and the revitalization of micro and small industry project. The methodologies that support the research were the Diagnostic Methodology of Micro and Small Companies, elaborated by Allegretti, which was applied to identify the performance of micro and small companies, and the Soft System Methodology (SSM), elaborated by Peter Checkland, which was applied to identify the contributions developed by those projects. The research showed that the performance of micro and small companies supported by the Development Agency was superior to the performance of those which were not supported by the Agency, in all analyzed dimensions. It was also shown that the revitalization of micro and small commercial company project and the revitalization of micro and small industry project promoted real contributions to the micro and small companies which took part in the program. These contributions were aggregated by the consolidation of new abilities to the employers\' and collaborators\' profile. It is important to stand out the most relevant contribution identified: the appearance of apprenticeship culture, in which everybody is aware of their acts and contributions, and in witch everybody perceives themselves as \"actors\" that compose the system \"Development Agency\", which promotes their improvement, being responsible for the results reached.

No description available.

Thesis (MDF (Development Finance))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.

Thesis (MDF (Development Finance))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The need for Small, Micro and Medium Enterprise (SMME) growth in South Africa is beyond question. Government sees SMMEs as an important vehicle to boost the economy of the country because of the contribution they make to job creation. According to recent estimates by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), small businesses represent 98% of the total number of registered firms, employ 55% of the country’s labour force and account for 35% of GDP. Unfortunately South Africa has a low survival rate among start-up businesses compared to other developing economies. Some believe that the reason for the failure of government programmes to support small businesses is due to poor delivery. This is one of the key issues to be addressed by all business support players. The key to success is to pursue a private sector led approach where experienced business advisors and mentors can add value to the businesses of customers. The research focuses solely on support organisations within the Siyanda region. The findings support the notion that Seda, as government’s small business support vehicle, will have to utilise support organisations more in order to make a success of its mandate. The investigation has identified some recommendations that may lead to an improvement in the current environment. The first approach is to ensure that people who render small business support have business experience and understand small enterprises. Secondly, to ensure that sector programmes are focused on a particular objective and that the overall strategy remains integrated and focused. In order to achieve this, the private sector should participate and share the costs. In recommending measures to improve the promotion of small business support at a local level, it is important to focus on what works best and that is ultimately privatesector organisations. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die behoefte aan groei van Klein, Mikro en Medium Ondernemings (SMMEs) in Suid-Afrika word nie debateer nie. Die regering sien SMMEs as ‘n belangrike medium om die land se ekonomie ‘n hupstoot te gee vanweë die bydrae wat hulle tot werkskeppping maak. Volgens onlangse skattings van die Departement van Handel en Nywerheid, verteenwoordig kleinsake-ondernemings 98% van die totale aantal geregistreerde ondernemings en verskaf hulle werk aan 55% van die land se arbeidsmag, en dra hulle by tot 35% van die bruto binnelandse produk. Ongelukkig het Suid-Afrika ‘n lae oorlewingsyfer onder nuwe besighede in vergelyking met ander ontwikkelende ekonomieë. Sommige mense glo die rede vir die mislukkig van regeringsprogramme wat kleinsake-ondernemings ondersteun, is swak dienslewering. Hierdie is een van die sleutelkwessies wat aangespreek behoort te word deur alle sake-ondersteuningspartye. Die sleutel tot sukses is om ‘n privaatsektor-gedrewe aanslag te volg waar ervare sake-adviseurs en -mentors waarde kan toevoeg tot kliënte se besighede. Die ondersoek het sekere aanbevelings geidentifiseer wat mag lei tot ‘n verbetering van die huidige omstandighede. Die eerste stap is om te verseker dat mense wat kleinsake-ondersteuning bied wel sake-ondervinding het en die kleinsakebedryf verstaan. Tweedens, om te verseker dat die sektor se programme wel gefokus is op ‘n spesifieke doelwit en dat die oorkoepelende strategieë geïntegreerd en gefokus bly. Ten einde dit te bereik, moet die privaatsektor deelneem en die kostes deel. By die soeke na stappe om die bevordering van kleinsake op plaaslike vlak te verbeter, is dit belangrik om te kyk wat (elders) reeds geslaag het. Dit is alte dikwels stappe wat deur die privaatsektor onderneem word.