In an increasingly globalized world, emphasis on attracting investment, talent and tourists has resulted in similar iconic urban landscapes in cities. This has increased concerns on the reduction or complete loss of local identity along urban waterfronts. This study aimed to develop a set of design guidelines that contribute to the establishment of local identity on urban waterfronts. The research focused on the history and current status of urban waterfront development, globalization impacts on urban landscape, notions of place identity and place making. It defined local identity as one type of place identity and explored the key aspects that foster local identity in waterfront development. A case study was conducted by analyzing these key aspects in a successful waterfront development. From a synthesis of the findings, a set of design guidelines was developed and then tested on an unsuccessful project; recommendations for future improvement were based on the developed guidelines.

This study is part of the 'Sustainable Estates for the 21st Century' project, designed to understand how best to manage the relationships between people, place and the economy in the Scottish uplands. Large areas of these uplands are owned by private landowners who make significant decisions on land-use. However, past research has provided little insight into landowner decision-making: it is out-dated, inconsistent and offers limited explanation of underlying motives and priorities. In order to address this, a large-scale structured survey was combined with Q methodology and case study interviews on 11 estates. The results indicate that most private landowners have strong economic priorities, but they are not striving solely for instrumental goals of income or financial security. Those on purchased estates are also motivated by personal ambitions: expressive goals. On inherited estates, landowners are motivated by intrinsic motives: a strong sense of duty and attachment to place. Time and money clearly impact significantly on private landowners' motives and priorities for estate management: • The fundamental priority underpinning estate management is economic; only when the estate is financially secure are other issues considered to any significant extent. • Environmental priorities are most evident on purchased estates without economic constraints. • Lengthy family ownership creates strong ties. An increased sense of duty and commitment to social priorities comes with longevity of tenure. Despite the strength of the underlying economic motivation, most landowners are 'satisficers' trying to balance multiple objectives in order to address the various challenges to sustainability. This was particularly evident on large inherited estates where landowners take a paternalistic role. Consequently, retaining such landowners appears to be an important factor in building resilient communities. Although grants still incentivise many landowners to provide public goods, their contributions to all aspects of sustainability could be better rewarded. Government policy should improve the alignment of landowners' and public goals to achieve long-term sustainability in the uplands.

In this work we study the interactions and relations among four institutions of the state of Alagoas. The central here aim consists of knowing whether or not these interactions and relations are able to provide an integral and local development in Alagoas. The four chosen institutions were respectively: UFAL, FAPEAL, SECT-AL and SEBRAE. The justification of our choice is based on the triple helix model which requires governmental academic and private participations in the processes leading to the development. The answers given by the people working in each on of the institutions were analyzed in the light of the triple helix model with the help of the following four conceptual categories: Communication, Bureaucracy, Partnership and Culture. As result of our research we empathize that the present situation is not able to provide a genuine local and integral development. However, potential improvements of the present situation are observed. / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas / Neste trabalho estudaremos as interações e relações mútuas entre quatro instituições do Estado de Alagoas com o fito de responder se essas são capazes ou não de contribuir de maneira relevante para o Desenvolvimento Local e Integrado do Estado. As quatro instituições eleitas para a nossa pesquisa foram: a Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), a Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas (FAPEAL), A Secretaria de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação do Estado de Alagoas (SECT-AL), e o Serviço de Apoio a Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE). Esta escolha foi iluminada pelo modelo teórico da Hélice Tripla que privilegia a concatenação das hélices, respectivamente Governamental, Acadêmica e Privada no que diz respeito aos processos que levam ao Desenvolvimento. As interações e relações mútuas acima referidas foram estudadas por meio das respostas dadas a um questionário/entrevista por sujeitos ocupando posições relevantes em cada uma das quatro instituições escolhidas. Adotamos a metodologia da Observação Participante, uma vez que a pesquisadora em pauta é parte constituinte das relações que pretende estudar. Para análise dos resultados à luz da teoria da Hélice Tripla foram escolhidas as seguintes categorias conceituais: Comunicação, Burocracia, Parceria e Cultura. O resultado mais relevante aponta para a baixa sinergia atual entre as instituições investigadas. No entanto, elas oferecem potencialidades para uma melhoria substancial dessa sinergia.