Thesis (M.Sc. (Microbiology))--Mahidol University, 1983.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Tropical Medicine)) -- Mahidol University, 1999.

Thesis (M.A. (Population and Reproductive Health Research))--Mahidol University, 2004.

Thesis (M.P.H.M. (Primary Health Care Management))-- Mahidol University, 2005.

Thesis (M.P.H.M. (Primary Health Care Management))--Mahidol University, 2007. / LICL has E-Thesis 0023 ; please contact computer services.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 1991.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alberta, 2009. / A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry. Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on November 21, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

It is important to take care of calves and their health for good results in beef-raising. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplements Lactovita and Biopolym on the frequency of diarrhoea occurrence in calves in the first stages of the period after weaning for milk nutrition. The experiment was conducted in farmers' cooperation Staré Hobzí, where Holstein Cattle are bred. Two groups of calves were made ? control and experimental group. In an experimental group dietary supplements to support active immunity were served according to the guideline. In case of diarrhoea occurrence the calves from experimental group were cured in the same way as the calves from control group. The occurrence of disorders during the period of experiment, method and length of treatment were recorded. Recorded data were summarised and statistically evaluated. The calves were examined from 29th February to 20th December. The results proved positive effect of dietary supplements Lactovita and Biopolym, but these results were statistifically insignificant. It is assumed that in case of studying bigger groups the proof of statistical significance will be more probable.

Diarrheal diseases of calves are one of the most serious risks of rearing calves and cause economic losses. For this reason, the objective of this work was to assess the influence of means of support in operating conditions for the incidence of diarrheal disease in calves in the early post-weaning stages. A company was chosen for this work in which both the company employees and an external veterinarian were willing to collaborate and provide not only information about the breed in question, but also biological material. This company was JINOS - AGRO Veselí nad Lužnicí. The calves were observed in the period of April - June 2009. The calves were housed in separate boxes the second day after birth until the average age of 56 days. After storage, they were divided into 5 groups: 4 based on the chosen means of support, and a single control group. Faeces samples were collected from the calves and subsequently evaluated. The calves to whom were administered means of support were then evaluated to assess the effect thereof on the incidence of diarrhea, the duration of diarrhea, the method of treatment, and the duration of treatment. The results were summarized and analyzed using a statistical program (STATISTICA 7.0.). There was no statistically significant difference found between the individual groups and the experimental group. An evident and statistically significant difference was found only in the case of a difference between the drugs of the 2 experimental groups, specifically between Lactovita and Homeopatika. Based on this observation, it can be stated that there was no evidence supporting the effectiveness of administered means of support for the incidence of diarrheal disease in calves in the early post-weaning stages.

Submitted by Cláudio Donizéti da Silva Júnior null (claudiosilvajr@bol.com.br) on 2016-04-27T13:32:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Claudio Donizete da Silva Junior.pdf: 1169662 bytes, checksum: 917622edaade5cf1ff01513118c788c1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-28T19:54:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silvajunior_cd_me_dra.pdf: 1169662 bytes, checksum: 917622edaade5cf1ff01513118c788c1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:54:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silvajunior_cd_me_dra.pdf: 1169662 bytes, checksum: 917622edaade5cf1ff01513118c788c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o aditivo alternativo, composto por ácido benzoico e óleos essenciais de eugenol, timol e piperina, associado ou não a antibiótico melhorador de desempenho na alimentação de leitões recém-desmamados. Foram utilizados 108 leitões, de linhagem genética comercial, em três fases: I - dos 21 aos 35 dias; II - dos 36 aos 50 dias; e III - dos 51 aos 63 dias de idade. As dietas foram isonutritivas, diferindo quanto à adição dos aditivos, da seguinte maneira: dieta sem qualquer aditivo melhorador de desempenho, dieta com adição de 40 ppm do antibiótico colistina, dieta com inclusão de 0,3% do aditivo alternativo, dieta com adições de 0,3 % do aditivo alternativo e de 40 ppm de colistina. Foram avaliados: o desempenho zootécnico, digestibilidades de nutrientes das dietas; incidência de diarreia; tempo de trânsito da digesta, morfologia intestinal, pesos relativos de órgãos do sistema digestório; composição da microbiota do conteúdo do ceco; e índices econômicos. Os animais foram distribuídos em blocos casualizados, de acordo com seus pesos ao início do experimento, com quatro tratamentos e nove repetições, sendo a unidade experimental a baia, composta por três animais na fase I e dois nas fases II e III. Como os animais não foram redistribuídos nos blocos ao final de cada fase, as análises estatísticas foram efetuadas de forma cumulativa, ou seja, do início do experimento ao final das fases I, II e III, em um esquema fatorial 2×2. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, utilizando-se o procedimento GLM (General Linear Models) do programa estatístico SAS (SAS 9.1, SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). Constatou-se que o emprego do aditivo alternativo, associado ou não ao antibiótico, foi efetivo em melhorar (P<0,05) o ganho de peso dos leitões somente no período I, e que o antibiótico usado de forma isolada não trouxe resultados positivos sobre o desempenho dos animais. Verificou-se que o aditivo alternativo e o antibiótico, associados ou não, melhoraram (P<0,05) a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e da energia nas fases I e II, em relação ao constatado com os animais submetidos a dieta controle. Os animais alimentados com ambos aditivos apresentaram incidência de diarreia numericamente menor, assim como menores (P<0,05) contagens de células caliciformes e menores (P<0,05) pesos relativos do intestino delgado e do ceco dos leitões que consumiram o aditivo alternativo em relação àqueles que não o ingeriram, no período I, sendo indicativos de que houve controle de microrganismos patogênicos e melhor saúde intestinal nestes animais no período I. O emprego dos aditivos no período I influenciou (P<0,05) as frequências dos filos bacterianos Firmicutes, Bacteriodetes, Actinobcateria e Spirochaetes. No mesmo período, o uso do aditivo alternativo promoveu redução de 46,6%, numericamente, na porcentagem de Escherichia no ceco dos animais. No período III houve efeitos dos aditivos sobre o filo Bacteriodetes e sobre os gêneros Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Streptococcus e Clostridium. O uso do aditivo alternativo apresentou resultados positivos no período imediatamente após o desmame. / The objective of this research was evaluate alternative feed additive, composed by benzoic acid and the essential oils of eugenol, thymus and piperine, associated or not with performance enhancer antibiotic, in newly weaned piglets feeding. One hundred and eight piglets, from a commercial lineage, were used in three phases: I – from 21 to 35 days; II from 36 to 50 days; and III – from 51 to 63 days. The diets were composed mainly by corn, soybean meal, spray dried blood plasma and dairy products, presenting the same levels of metabolizable energy, digestible amino acids, calcium and digestible phosphorous, differing over feed additive addition, as follows: diet without performance enhancer feed additive: diet with 40 ppm of colistin; diet with 0.3% alternative feed additive; diet with 40 ppm colistin and 0.3% alternative feed additive. The parameters evaluated were: growth performance; nutrient diets digestibility; diarrhea incidence; digesta transit time; intestinal morphology, weights of digestive organs (absolute and relative to body weight); microbial cecum content compositon; economical indices. The animals were distributed in blocks, according with their initial body weight, assigned to four treatments, with nine repetitions, and the experimental unit was the pen, with three animals in phase I e two, in phases II and III. As the animals were redistributed in blocks at the end of each phase, the statistical analysis were performed in a cumulative way, that is, from the beginning of the trial to the end of Phases I, II and III, which were named periods, in a factorial 2 x 2 arrangement. Data was submitted to anova, using the GLM procedure of SAS (SAS 9.1, SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). It was found that the alternative feed additive use, associated or not with the antibiotic, was effective in improve (P<0.05) piglets weight gain only in period I, and that the isolated antibiotic usage did not promote positive results in animals performance. The alternative feed additive, associated or not with the antibiotic, improved (P<0,05) nutrient and energy diets digestibilities in phases I and II, as compared with to what was found with the animals submitted to the control diet. It was observed that the animals fed diet containing both feed additives presented numerically lower diarrhea incidence, lower (P<0.05) globets cells counting and lower (P<0.05) small intestine and cecum relative weights than the piglets fed the control diet, in period I, what indicates that the feed additives exerted certain control over pathogenic microorganisms and improved gut health in period I. The use of feed additives in period I influenced (P <0.05) the frequency of bacterial phyla Firmicutes, Bacteriodetes, Actinobcateria and Spirochaetes. At the same period, the alternative feed additive promoted 46.6% reduction, numerically, on Escherichia percentage in animals cecum content. In period III there were effects of additives on the Bacteriodetes phyla and on Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Streptococcus and Clostridium genus. The alternative additive use presented positive results soon after weaning.