Els compostos organoborats son altament utilitzats en un extens nombre de camps, des de la medicina, en la teràpia de captura neutrònica en bor o altres molècules amb activitat biològica, fins a l’ús de molècules funcionals com els polímers. Nosaltres hem centrar la nostra atenció a l’ús dels compostos organoborats com intermedis de síntesis per a productes d’alt valor afegit. El tema principal d’aquesta tesis es el desenvolupament de noves metodologies sintètiques per la obtenció de compostos organoborats de manera eficient. Ens hem centrat bastant en la síntesis de compostos carbonílics -borats, com a sintons per la síntesis de molècules difuncionals. Em estudiat la addició de bor a molècules insaturades des de dos estratègies diferents: la addició catalítica de bor mitjançant metalls de transició i sense metall. Sempre ficant especial énfasis en la versió quiral de la reacció. / Organoborane compounds are highly used in a huge number of fields, from medicine, in the boron neutral capture therapy or other molecules with biological activity to the use of functional molecules such us polymers. In our case, we focused our atention in the use of organoborane compounds as a intermediates for the synthesis of high value products. The main topic of this thesis is develop new synthetic methodologies for the efficient obtaition of organoborane compounds. We focus in the synthesis of -boryl carbonyl compounds as a synthons for the synthesis of difuncional molecules. We studied the boron addition to unsaturated molecules in to main strategies: the boron addition using transition metal catalyst or without metal. Always with special attention for the chiral approach of the reaction.

Los compuestos organoborados son considerados de gran interés en síntesis orgánica debido a que el enlace C-B puede ser transformado en una amplia variedad de grupos funcionales. La adicción catalítica de H-B o B-B a enlaces C-C insaturados se considera uno de los procesos catalíticos con mayor control selectivo en la formación de dichos intermedios organoborados. En el capítulo primero de la presente tesis se muestra la evolución a través de la bibliografía de las tres principales reacciones de adición catalítica de boro a alquenos, como son hidroboración, diboración y -boración. El segundo capítulo describe por primera vez la hidroboración catalítica asimétrica tanto en version homogénea como heterogeneizada de sistemas alilícos heterofuncionalizados. También describe el primer ejemplo de diboración de fenil alil sulfonas con sistemas catalíticos de Pt modificados con ligandos N-heterocíclicos. El tercer capítulo muestra la diboración catalítica de alquenos con sistemas catalíticos formados por Cu, Pd e Ir modificados con ligandos NHC. La presencia de una base y la adicción de un exceso de diborano son esenciales para obtener un alto grado de actividad y selectividad. El cuarto capítulo muestra una efectiva síntesis de boro enolatos quirales usando metales de bajo coste como son Cu y Ni modificados con ligandos NHC quirales y ligandos difosfina quirales respectivamente. El quinto capítulo describe las reacciones tándem "in situ" tales como adición de boro-acoplamiento cruzado catalizadas por complejos de Pt modificado con ligandos carbenos y Pd modificados con ligandos difosfina. / Organoboron compounds are some of the most useful reagents in organic synthesis. The carbon-boron bond, once formed, can be cleaved in a variety of ways, with or without homologation, leading to a wide range of useful functional groups. The catalytic addition of H-B or B-B across to unsaturated C-C bond is one of the catalytic processes with higher selective control in the C-B bond formation. In the first Chapter of this thesis shows the evolution through the literature of the three main catalytic reactions of boron addition to alkenes, such as hydroboration, diboration and -boration.Chapter 2 describes the first attempt at the catalytic asymmetric hydroboration in both homogeneous and heterogenised version of functionalised allylic system. In addition, the first example of the diboration reaction of these mentioned substrates with complexes based on Pt modified with NHC ligands is described.Chapter 3 discusses catalytic diboration of alkenes based on Cu, Pd and Ir- catalytic system modified with NHC ligands. The presence of a base and the use of an excess of diboron reagent are essential to obtain high degree of activity and selectivity.Chapter 4 shows the successful synthesis of chiral boron enolates by using inexpensive metals such as copper and nickel modified with chiral NHC ligands and modulated chiral commercially available diphosphines respectively. In Chapter 5 describes complexes containing transition metals such as platinum and palladium modified with NHC ligands and P,P respectively capable to perform the in situ tandem catalytic boron-addition-Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第23432号 / 工博第4887号 / 新制||工||1764(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科合成・生物化学専攻 / (主査)教授 杉野目 道紀, 教授 村上 正浩, 教授 大江 浩一 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

Thesis advisor: Marc M. Snapper / Thesis advisor: James J. Morken / This dissertation will present three main projects focusing on the catalytic enantioselective synthesis and stereospecific functionalization of tertiary alkylboronates. In the first project, acyl chlorides were incorporated as a new class of electrophile in conjunctive cross-coupling, from which, a variety of tertiary β-boryl amides were successfully synthesized with high enantioselectivity. The utility of the tertiary alkylboronates products was also demonstrated through several orthogonal functionalizations of the boronic ester group and amide groups. The project culminated in the enantioselective total synthesis of natural product (+)-adalinine that leveraged this newly developed methodology. In the second project, a conjunctive cross-coupling enabled ring closure was developed to synthesize tertiary alkylboronates residing on carbocyclic and heterocyclic scaffolds. A Phosphinooxazoline (Phox) ligand was identified as a non-expensive ligand that catalyzed the conjunctive cyclization reaction with high enantioselectivity. A Series of synthetically challenging enantimerically enriched spirocyclic and aryl bicyclic tertiary alkylboronates were efficiently generated using this method, and several cyclopentyl boronic esters with two continuous stereogenic centers were synthesized with high diastereoselectivity. In the third project, a Rh-catalyzed diboration reaction was successfully employed to diborate monosubstituted cyclobutenes with excellent enantioselectivity. The less sterically hindered secondary boronic ester units in the diboron products can be regioselectively functionalized using the newly developed tert-butyllithium activation-transmetallation strategy. As a result, a variety of stereochemically defined β-substituted cyclobutyl tertiary boronic esters were synthesized with high efficiency. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2024. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Chemistry.