Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:48:19Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 tavares_ls_me_sjrp.pdf: 287773 bytes, checksum: 8f285f1d6d9bb5fc795a4aa2698728a8 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Nesse trabalho provamos existência de solução fraca para o problema de Dirichlet não linear { − ∆ u = f ( u ) + g em Ω, u = 0 em ∂ Ω. onde f ∈ C 2 ( R), g ∈ L2 (Ω) onde Ω é um domínio suave e limitado de R3 . Para isso estudamos alguns resultados básicos do Cálculo Diferencial em espaços de Banach e o problema de Dirichlet homogêneo para a equação de Laplace / In this work we prove the existence of weak solution for the nonlinear Dirichlet problem{ − ∆ u = f ( u ) + g em Ω, u = 0 em ∂ Ω. where f ∈ C 2 ( R ) , g ∈ L2 (Ω) and Ω is a b ounded smo oth domain in R3 . For this we study some basic results of the Differential Calculus in Banach spaces and the homogeneous Dirichlet problem for Laplace’s equation

O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar, sob que condições, o problema de valor inicial associado a uma equação diferencial ordinária de primeira ordem, no contexto das funções generalizadas temperadas de Colombeau, admite pelo menos uma (ou somente uma) solução generalizada ou solução generalizada temperada. Para essa finalidade estudamos algumas propriedades das funções generalizadas, das funções generalizadas temperadas e das funções generalizadas temperadas na segunda variável. Além do estudo dessas propriedades, apresentamos uma imersão do espaço das distribuições na álgebra das funções generalizadas de Colombeau e uma imersão do espaço das distribuições temperadas na álgebra das funções generalizadas temperadas de Colombeau. Finalizamos o trabalho estudando, no contexto das funções generalizadas temperadas de Colombeau, uma equação de Euler-Lagrange e solução para frente em sistemas autônomos. / The objective of this work is to study, under which conditions, the initial value problem associated with a first-order ordinary differential equation, in the framework of Colombeau\'s tempered generalized functions, it admits at least one (or only one) generalized solution or generalized tempered solution. For this purpose we studied some properties of the generalized functions, of the generalized tempered functions and the generalized tempered functions in the second variable. Besides the study of these properties, we present an embedding of the space of distributions into the algebra of Colombeau\'s generalized functions and an embedding of the space of tempered distributions into the algebra of Colombeau\'s tempered generalized functions. We end the work studying, in the framework of Colombeau\'s tempered generalized functions, an Euler-Lagrange equation and forward solution for autonomous system.

O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar, sob que condições, o problema de valor inicial associado a uma equação diferencial ordinária de primeira ordem, no contexto das funções generalizadas temperadas de Colombeau, admite pelo menos uma (ou somente uma) solução generalizada ou solução generalizada temperada. Para essa finalidade estudamos algumas propriedades das funções generalizadas, das funções generalizadas temperadas e das funções generalizadas temperadas na segunda variável. Além do estudo dessas propriedades, apresentamos uma imersão do espaço das distribuições na álgebra das funções generalizadas de Colombeau e uma imersão do espaço das distribuições temperadas na álgebra das funções generalizadas temperadas de Colombeau. Finalizamos o trabalho estudando, no contexto das funções generalizadas temperadas de Colombeau, uma equação de Euler-Lagrange e solução para frente em sistemas autônomos. / The objective of this work is to study, under which conditions, the initial value problem associated with a first-order ordinary differential equation, in the framework of Colombeau\'s tempered generalized functions, it admits at least one (or only one) generalized solution or generalized tempered solution. For this purpose we studied some properties of the generalized functions, of the generalized tempered functions and the generalized tempered functions in the second variable. Besides the study of these properties, we present an embedding of the space of distributions into the algebra of Colombeau\'s generalized functions and an embedding of the space of tempered distributions into the algebra of Colombeau\'s tempered generalized functions. We end the work studying, in the framework of Colombeau\'s tempered generalized functions, an Euler-Lagrange equation and forward solution for autonomous system.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-03-23T11:33:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Calebe Martes de Andrade Santos - 2018.pdf: 2128372 bytes, checksum: a62b4d3a7f4bde06e5c3597ed5be80a4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-03-23T14:50:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Calebe Martes de Andrade Santos - 2018.pdf: 2128372 bytes, checksum: a62b4d3a7f4bde06e5c3597ed5be80a4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-23T14:50:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Calebe Martes de Andrade Santos - 2018.pdf: 2128372 bytes, checksum: a62b4d3a7f4bde06e5c3597ed5be80a4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-23 / This work has as main objective, besides exposing some techniques of solving differential equations of first and second order, to find solutions to Einstein Field Equation, through these techniques. The work was divided in 3 parts, being them, introduction and two other chapters. In the introduction, we tell a bit about the history of differential equations, as well as covering some important passages in the history of General Theory of Relativity. In the first chapter, in a preliminary way, a study was made on some differential equations of first and second orders. The second chapter refers to the application of second-order differential equations as a solution to Einstein's Field Equation. In this last chapter, we have done a study on the article Invariant solutions for the static vacuum equation and we present some other solutions to Einstein's Field Equation. For the writing of the work, a bibliographical revision was made in relation to the subjects addressed in it, thus relating the ideas and definitions of some authors throughout the text. / Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo, além de expôr algumas técnicas de resolução de equações diferenciais de primeira e segunda ordens, encontrar soluções para Equação de Campo de Einstein, através dessas técnicas. O trabalho foi dividido em 3 partes, sendo elas, introdução e mais dois capítulos. Na introdução, contamos um pouco da história das equações diferenciais, além de abordarmos alguns trechos importantes da história da Teoria da relatividade geral. No primeiro capítulo, de forma preliminar, foi feito um estudo sobre algumas equações diferenciais de primeira e segunda ordens. O segundo capítulo, refere-se à aplicação de equações diferenciais de segunda ordem como solução para Equação de Campo de Einstein. Neste último capítulo, fizemos um estudo sobre o artigo Invariant solutions for the static vacuum equation e expomos algumas outras soluções para Equação de Campo de Einstein. Para a escrita do trabalho, foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica em relação aos assuntos abordados no mesmo, relacionando assim, as ideias e definições de alguns autores no decorrer do texto.

Auditory physiology is nearly unique in the human body because of its small-diameter neurons. When considering a single node on one neuron, the number of channels is very small, so ion fluxes exhibit randomness. Hodgkin and Huxley, in 1952, set forth a system of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) to track the flow of ions in a squid motor neuron, based on a circuit analogy for electric current. This formalism for modeling is still in use today and is useful because coefficients can be directly measured. To measure auditory properties of Firing Efficiency (FE) and Post Stimulus Time (PST), we can simply measure the depolarization, or "upstroke," of a node. Hence, we reduce the four-dimensional squid neuron model to a two-dimensional system of ODEs. The stochastic variable m for sodium activation is allowed a random walk in addition to its normal evolution, and the results are drastic. The diffusion coefficient, for spreading, is inversely proportional to the number of channels; for 130 ion channels, D is closer to 1/3 than 0 and cannot be called negligible. A system of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) is derived in these pages to model the distribution of states of the node with respect to the (nondimensionalized) voltage v and the sodium activation gate m. Initial conditions describe a distribution of (v,m) states; in most experiments, this would be a curve with mode at the resting state. Boundary conditions are Robin (Natural) boundary conditions, which gives conservation of the population. Evolution of the PDE has a drift term for the mean change of state and a diffusion term, the random change of state. The phase plane is broken into fired and resting regions, which form basins of attraction for fired and resting-state fixed points. If a stimulus causes ions to flow from the resting region into the fired region, this rate of flux is approximately the firing rate, analogous to clinically measuring when the voltage crosses a threshold. This gives a PST histogram. The FE is an integral of the population over the fired region at a measured stop time after the stimulus (since, in the reduced model, when neurons fire they do not repolarize). This dissertation also includes useful generalizations and methodology for turning other ODEs into PDEs. Within the HH modeling, parameters can be switched for other systems of the body, and may present a similar firing and non-firing separatrix (as in Chapter 3). For any system of ODEs, an advection model can show a distribution of initial conditions or the evolution of a given initial probability density over a state space (Chapter 4); a system of Stochastic Differential Equations can be modeled with an advection-diffusion equation (Chapter 5). As computers increase in speed and as the ability of software to create adaptive meshes and step sizes improves, modeling with a PDE becomes more and more efficient over its ODE counterpart.

In this study, we aim to develop new likelihood based method for estimating parameters of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) / delay differential equations (DDEs) models. Those models are important for modeling dynamical processes that are described in terms of their derivatives and are widely used in many fields of modern science, such as physics, chemistry, biology and social sciences. We use our new approach to study a distributed delay differential equation model, the statistical inference of which has been unexplored, to our knowledge. Estimating a distributed DDE model or ODE model with time varying coefficients results in a large number of parameters. We also apply regularization for efficient estimation of such models. We assess the performance of our new approaches using simulation and applied them to analyzing data from epidemiology and ecology.

<p>This report presents an analysis of a partial differential equation, resulting from population model with age structure. The existence and uniqueness of a solution to the equation are proved. We look at stability of the solution. The asymptotic behaviour of the solution is treated. The report also contains a section about the connection between the solution to the age structure population model and a simple model without age structure.</p>

No description available.

We consider a system of infinitely many hard balls in R^d undergoing Brownian motions and submitted to a smooth pair potential. It is modelized by an infinite-dimensional stochastic differential equation with a local time term. We prove that the set of all equilibrium measures, solution of a detailed balance equation, coincides with the set of canonical Gibbs measures associated to the hard core potential added to the smooth interaction potential.

We consider an infinite system of hard balls in Rd undergoing Brownian motions and submitted to a smooth pair potential. It is modelized by an infinite- dimensional Stochastic Differential Equation with an infinite-dimensional local time term. Existence and uniqueness of a strong solution is proven for such an equation with fixed deterministic initial condition. We also show that Gibbs measures are reversible measures.