With the growing of Internet, people use network frequently. Many PC applications have moved to the network-based environment, such as text processing, calendar, photo management, and even user can develop applications on the network. Google is a company providing web services. Its popular services are search engine and gmail which attracts people by short response time and lots amount of data storage. It also charges businesses to place their own advertisements. Another hot social network is Facebook which is also a popular website. It processes huge instant messages and social relationships between users. The magic power of doing this depends on the new technique, Could Computing. Cloud computing has ability to keep high-performance processing and short response time, and its kernel components are distributed data storage and distributed data processing. Because of the new concept, there are fewer application, such as pattern searching and log file analysis, related to the cloud computing. Therefore, we use the technique to perform the packet analysis and packet dissection. The packet data are placed by distributed file system, and further process according to different requirements, which acts as IPS (Intrusion Protection System).

Acute aortic syndrome (AAS) is a life threatening clinical syndrome resulting from three distinct diagnoses; acute aortic dissection, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer and intramural hematoma. There are no widely accepted guidelines that are both safe and efficient to guide the clinician on when to suspect AAS. Our aim was to assess the need for a clinical decision rule to help improve diagnosis of AAS. We conducted a diagnostic accuracy systematic review and meta-analysis, a historical case control study and historical cohort study. We found wide variation in practice with a perceived need by physicians for a clinical decision rule. In addition we found it feasible to risk stratify patients at risk for AAS by historical, clinical and laboratory features. Therefore we conclude there is a need for the development of a clinical decision rule for the risk stratification of patients with a clinical suspicion of AAS.

Le traitement endovasculaire est devenu en deux décennies le traitement de première intention pour les DAB aiguës compliquées. Cependant, le traitement endovasculaire des DAB aiguës n’est pas optimal et comporte des limitations, tant au niveau proximal que distal, sources de complications précoces et tardives.Notre travail proposait d’évaluer des techniques endovasculaires novatrices permettant d’optimiser le traitement au niveau de la crosse et en distalité au niveau de l’aorte thoraco-abdominale.Nous avons créé un modèle de dissection de type B sur aorte humaine cadavérique extensif et reproductible, se rapprochant au plus près des conditions cliniques et permettant l’évaluation in vitro des dispositifs prothétiques conçus pour aorte humaine.Nous avons évalué sur ce modèle in vitro de DAB aiguë le stenting nu extensif de l’aorte disséquée qui permettait de réaccoler le flap intimal de dissection de manière expérimentale mais entrainait une sténose dans 54% des cas sur les artères viscérales naissant de l’aorte lorsque celles-ci naissaient du faux chenal. Ces artères pouvaient être cathétérisées à travers les mailles du stent.Nous avons ensuite évalué les résultats cliniques de cette technique, associé à un ballonnement du stent, dans le traitement des DAB aiguës compliquées avec un remodelage complet immédiat de l’aorte thoraco-abdominale stentée, persistant à moyen terme et permettant de limiter l’évolution anévrysmale à moyen terme.Enfin nous avons montré sur modèle in vitro la faisabilité et la précision au largage d’une endoprothèse avec échancrure proximale créée par le chirurgien pour avancer la zone d’ancrage dans la crosse, permettant un traitement endovasculaire exclusif en urgence des DAB aiguë compliquée avec un collet court ou une atteinte de la crosse aortique.Ces résultats offrent des perspectives d’évolutions du traitement des dissections aortique de type B au stade aigu, mais aussi plus largement des perspectives d’évolution pour le traitement des dissections de type A, des dissections chroniques, et plus généralement des pathologies de la crosse. / Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is considered as the first line therapy for complicated acute type B aortic dissection (cABAD). However, current endovascular treatment has limitation regarding the proximal anchoring when aortic arch is involved and regarding the dissected aorta distally to the stent graft leading to early and late complication.The aim of this work was to assess new endovascular techniques to optimise endovascular treatment of ABAD in the aortic arch and in the thoraco-abdominal aorta.We reported the first model of ABAD in human cadaveric aorta, which was reproducible, extended to the infra-renal aorta and close to clinical pattern, allowing for human aortic devices assessment.We assess on this model extensive bare metal stenting of the dissected aorta, which was effective in true lumen reexpansion but induced a drop in pressure in the visceral arteries in 54% when they were supplied by the false lumen.Then, we assessed the results of this technique, associated with balloon inflation of the bare stent in clinical practice, which allowed an immediate and mid-term persisting complete remodelling of the stented thoraco-abdominal aorta, with a low dissecting aneurysmal evolution at one year of follow-up.Finally we reported a model of physician modified scalloped stent graft on currently available thoracic aortic device to extend the proximal landing zone in the arch while preserving the supra aortic trunks.These finding allow for potential improvement of endovascular treatment of ABAD but also of acute type A dissection, chronic dissection and some other acute aortic arch diseases.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer in the United States, and patients with early-stage endometrioid adenocarcinoma have a favorable prognosis. Over the past decade, the gynecologic oncology community has debated whether potential harms of systematic lymph node dissection (LND) outweigh potential benefits for these patients. To minimize number of nodes removed, sentinel lymph node dissection (SLND) is under investigation as an alternative. However, ongoing uncertainty of LND/SLND best practices may result in variations in disease management and discrepant outcomes. Methods Three retrospective cohort studies examined LND/SLND use in patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Two examined temporal and geographic variations, respectively, utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 dataset for the years 2004 through 2015. The third used the SEER-Medicare dataset from 2003 through 2016 to quantify and compare the risk of developing 6-month post-surgical lymphedema, lymphocele, hemorrhage, ileus, infection, thrombosis, and all-cause death by number of lymph nodes removed (0, 1-4, 5-9, or 10+). Results Time trend analyses found LND increased from 2004 through 2008, followed by a significant decline through 2015. SLND was rare and did not increase significantly. Significant geographic variation existed for LND use but not SLND. Per 1,000 patients, analyses of 6-month post-surgical complications found 6.5 experienced lymphedema, 3.9 experienced lymphocele, 15.7 experienced hemorrhage, 28.7 experienced ileus, 37.1 experienced infection, 18.6 experienced thrombosis, and 19.8 died. Controlling for size of primary tumor, tumor grade, comorbidities, race/ethnicity, age at diagnosis, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) showed greater risk for ileus (HR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.24-1.90), infection (HR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.25-1.83), and thrombosis (HR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.09-1.82) when comparing removal of 10+ nodes versus 0 nodes. Conclusion Overall, these studies found significant temporal and geographic variation in LND, as well as increasing risk of post-surgical complications associated with increasing numbers of lymph nodes removed. Should continued research into SLND find strong evidence that it effectively detects cancer spread, patients may benefit through decreased risk of post-surgical ileus, infection, and thrombosis.

Aortic dissection is a life-threatening emergency associated with significant mortality rate. Early diagnosis is essential to improve the survival. Although the most common presentation is severe chest pain, it can be variable leading to delay in the diagnosis especially if it is painless. Painless aortic dissection is a rare entity with sparse data available based on case reports. We present a case of a young male with an atypical presentation where the presumptive diagnosis of infective endocarditis was made based on initial presentation but was eventually diagnosed as painless aortic dissection.

There are forty registered organophosphates in the United States and they range from pesticides and insecticides to nerve agents or neurotoxins such as sarin. Organophosphates (OP’s) have been used in chemical warfare for years and tend to lead to death due to an attack on the nervous system. Chemical assays and mass microscopy have been used to assess the concentration of OP’s in the environment, but both methods require the body to metabolize the OP first, which can be detrimental to the victim. It is crucial to come up with a method to investigate and detect these neurotoxins without causing harm first. There have been several studies presented in the literature that use medicinal leeches and sharp electrode electrophysiology to study the function of the motor end plate. Kuffler, Potter and Stuart have all conducted studies using the medicinal leeches to do so. They mapped out the cells within the leech ganglion as well as created an atlas of the entire leech anatomy, and demonstrated the electrical connection between the motor neuron and longitudinal muscle fibers. Using the knowledge they have provided, a medicinal leech and sharp electrode electrophysiology can be used to investigate the effects of organophosphates on the nervous system. Before this can be achieved a dissection preparation must be implemented that can be utilized in electrophysiological experiments and that demonstrates the electrical connection between the motor neuron and muscle fibers. This thesis outlines the implementation of the medicinal leech dissection preparation described above. The preparation removes one ganglion from the leech, leaving the roots attached to the portion of the muscle wall it innervates. To demonstrate the preparations validity, sharp electrode electrophysiology is performed using a current clamp and discontinuous single electrode voltage clamp (dSEVC). A current pulse stimulates the motor neuron and a voltage recording is obtained from the ganglion as well a current recording from the muscle wall. The electrical connection is therefore demonstrated. This dissection preparation and electrophysiology experiment are written up in a procedural manner so that another individual could repeat the experiment. The next logical step would be to use these procedures to perform OP nerve agent experiments to investigate the effect of OP’s on the neuromuscular junction.

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The topic of this thesis is dissection of vertebrate skeletons while using available and appropriate methods. The theoretical part is prepared based on Czech and foreign sources. For this part, there were used print publications, articles from journals and some Internet sources. It summarizes theoretical knowledge of the occurrence and anatomical structure of vertebrates. The practical part includes methodology involving collection, preservation and actual processing of animals. In detail, there are described possible methods of work that are evaluated and compared in the closing part. These proposed procedures are used for the selected representatives of vertebrates, in the individual chapter called - Results. The outcome of this thesis is a detailed guide with the procedures of chosen methods and preserved skeletons with a description of their characteristics. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)