nÃo hà / A EducaÃÃo a DistÃncia (EAD) amplia o alcance da modalidade de ensino presencial, jà que fornece aos indivÃduos, independentemente do local onde moram ou tempo disponÃvel, a oportunidade de iniciar ou complementar seus estudos. Em virtude da facilidade de acesso, disponibilidade e recursos de interaÃÃo existentes, a Internet vem surgindo como mÃdia altamente promissora para a aplicaÃÃo da EAD. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho à projetar uma ferramenta que dà suporte à educaÃÃo a distÃncia via Internet, para portadores de Paralisia Cerebral do tipo AtÃxica e ou AtetÃide, que atue nÃo como substituto do professor, mas como um instrumento de apoio auxiliando-o no processo de transmissÃo de conhecimento e fornecendo mecanismos para que o mesmo possa acompanhar a aprendizagem dos alunos e a eficiÃncia das estratÃgias didÃticas aplicadas de forma a incluir socialmente estes alunos que por barreiras arquitetÃnicas e ou sensÃrias sofram limitaÃÃes de acesso à educaÃÃo convencional. Sendo assim, o CEAED em contraposiÃÃo a possibilidade de massificaÃÃo do ensino, Ãs vezes sugerida por instituiÃÃes em relaÃÃo à EducaÃÃo a DistÃncia, proporcionarà um ambiente comprometido com o processo pedagÃgico, onde o professor assume o papel de orientador e incentivador, planejando e acompanhando, para assim promover a melhoria contÃnua da estratÃgia didÃtica a ser utilizada e conseqÃentemente maior qualidade na aprendizagem, enquanto exige-se do aluno um comportamento mais ativo, autodidata e participativo, atribuindo-lhe responsabilidades sobre o decurso de sua aprendizagem. / Distance Education expands the scope of the inside classroom teaching model since anybody, independent of where he lives or how much available time he has, has the opportunity to initiate or complement his studies. Considering access facility, availability and interaction resources provided, the Internet arises as a promising media for Distance Education. In this context, this work has as objective the design and implementation of a tool for the support an environment for Distance Education on the Internet âto Brain-sickness carrier of the kind ataxic or atetÃide, that works not as a teacher substitute, but as an aid instrument, supporting the teaching process and providing mechanisms (apparatus) that allows the teacher to keep up with studentsâ knowledge acquisition process and the efficiency of the applied didactic strategy, this way including socially this students that for architectonic or sensory bars have limitations to get usual education. In contraposition to the possibility of some education institutions be worry mostly about quantities of attended people when apply the Distance Education, the CEAED provides an environment engaged with the pedagogical process, where the teacher assumes the supervisor and inciterâs role, projecting and keeping up with the didactic strategy applied, to have as an objective to guarantee the learning process quality, while the students assume an active, self-educating and participant behavior, assuming the responsibility about his learning.

Resumo: Este trabalho é fruto de uma investigação em um curso de extensão em astronomia, destinado a professores, e realizado no formato à distância. As ferramentas do curso foram analisadas em sua função para o aprendizado, e em sua coerência com a proposta pedagógica declarada pelos coordenadores do curso como construtivista. Concomitante a isso, foram analisadas as movimentações de três cursistas pelo Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA), quantitativamente ao longo de todo o curso e mais pormenorizadamente ao longo de 4 das 30 semanas-aulas. Para complementar os dados quantitativos, foi feita uma entrevista semi-estruturada com os cursistas ou coletados dados a partir de uma apreciação do curso, que eles redigiram. Como resultados, foram apontadas principalmente duas ferramentas que, da forma como foram utilizadas pelos elaboradores do curso, promoveram problematização, conexão com as ideias iniciais do aprendiz, incentivo à interação e à autonomia no aprendizado: o roteiro de estudos e o quiz. Com respeito à movimentação dos cursistas, foi possível verificar que tanto em seu discurso como em seus dados de movimentação pelo AVA, eles valorizaram bastante as duas ferramentas destacadas e se movimentaram pelo AVA de modo a acessar a grande maioria das ferramentas disponibilizadas na semana-aula, e que a movimentação dos cursistas era consistente e frequente ao longo das semanas. Não houve correlação entre picos de acesso e vésperas de provas ou semanas mais difíceis, tampouco houve relação entre maior intensidade de acessos e melhor desempenho (em se tratando de cursistas aprovados no curso). Comparando a quantidade de cliques com a quantidade de acessos de cada cursista e toda a movimentação realizada dentro do AVA, podemos afirmar que o cursista acessa as ferramentas de uma forma compatível com as orientações do curso, ou seja, de um modo como os elaboradores do curso planejaram tais ferramentas. / This work is a product of an investigation within a distance education course on Astronomy designed for school teachers. The course tools were analysed in their function to learning and coherence with the declared pedagogical proposal of the course, declared by the course coordinators as construtivist. In addition to that, we have analysed the movements of 3 students within the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) of the course. This was done quantitatively through the whole course and more detailed for 4 of the 30 weekly classes. To complement the quantitative data, we have also interviewed those students or taken data from a course appreciation they wrote and that was available in the online environment. As results, we point out two main tools that, in the way they were used by the course elaborators, promoted problematization, connection with the initial ideas of the learners, interaction and growing autonomy: the study guide and the quiz. Analysing the learners movement in the VLE, we could verify that they valued those tools and accessed all tools made available for each class, some more than once. The learners access was consistent and frequent, and no correlation was observed between intensity of access and proximity to final exams, nor marks (emphasizing that all 3 learners succeeded in the course). Comparing the quantity of clicks and quantity of accesses of each student and all movement inside the VLE, we can state that the learner accesses the tools in a way that is consistent with the way the course elaborators planned the tools to be used.

A dispensação é um serviço farmacêutico importante para a promoção do uso correto dos medicamentos, prevenção de agravos à saúde e alcance de resultados satisfatórios da farmacoterapia. Entretanto, para que essa prática seja realizada adequadamente, é necessário que o farmacêutico esteja devidamente capacitado e possua conhecimento sobre fisiopatologia, terapêutica e legislação sanitária para subsidiar a relação com o paciente e com outros profissionais da saúde. Apesar disso, uma pesquisa revelou que 78,6% dos farmacêuticos não possuem conhecimento satisfatório para a realização da dispensação e mais da metade dos profissionais apontam a falta de tempo e recursos como obstáculo para a participação em cursos de capacitação presenciais. Buscando, então, intervir sobre os resultados da pesquisa citada, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a efetividade de um curso à distância na capacitação de farmacêuticos para a prática da dispensação de medicamentos. O estudo do tipo experimental teve como população farmacêuticos comunitários de todo o país. Desenvolveu-se um curso de capacitação na plataforma Moodle, no qual foi abordada a dispensação de medicamentos no tratamento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis mais prevalentes no Brasil (hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemias e asma). Um questionário foi elaborado e validado para mensurar o conhecimento dos participantes em dois momentos distintos: antes (baseline) e após (endpoint) o curso. Além disso, foram avaliados: i) a satisfação dos participantes em relação ao modelo de capacitação proposto, por meio de um questionário específico; ii) a prática da dispensação pelos farmacêuticos de Ribeirão Preto - SP selecionados para participar do curso, por meio da técnica do paciente simulado. Os resultados indicam que o curso foi efetivo na capacitação dos profissionais (p < 0,05), embora não tenha sido percebido no endpoint um melhor desempenho em relação à prática da dispensação entre os farmacêuticos que participaram da avaliação pelo paciente simulado. Apesar disso, os profissionais se mostraram satisfeitos com relação ao curso. Como conclusão, verificou-se que um curso à distância é efetivo para capacitar farmacêuticos em relação à dispensação de medicamentos, mas também permitiu atestar que essa estratégia não é suficiente para tornar satisfatória a realização do serviço. Atividades práticas que desenvolvam a performance e as condutas dos profissionais devem ser exploradas ao longo da capacitação. Todavia, o farmacêutico precisa também assumir posturas mais adequadas durante a dispensação, não permitindo que as pressões de mercado interfiram sobre a qualidade do seu serviço. / The dispensing drugs is an important pharmaceutical service to promote the rational use of drugs and so it is possible to prevent health problems and achieve satisfactory results of pharmacotherapy. However, for this practice to be properly carried out, it is necessary that the pharmacist is properly trained and have knowledge about pathophysiology, treatments and health legislation to support the relationship with the patient and other health professionals. Nevertheless, a survey revealed that 78.6% of pharmacists do not have adequate knowledge to perform the dispensing drugs and more than half of these professionals point that the lack of time and resources as a barrier to participation in classroom training courses. So we seek to intervene on the results of the cited survey by this study that aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a distance learning course in the training of pharmacists to the practice of dispensing drugs. This is a clinical trial and the study population wer community pharmacists across the country. A training course was developed in Moodle, which was addressed to dispensing drugs in the treatment of the most prevalent chronic noncommunicable in Brazil (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and asthma). A questionnaire was developed and validated to measure the knowledge of the participants at two different times: before (baseline) and after (endpoint) the course. In addition, we also evaluated: i) the satisfaction of participants in relation to the proposed training model through a specific questionnaire; ii) the practice of dispensing drugs by pharmacists of Ribeirão Preto - SP selected to attend the course, through mistery shopper technique. The results indicate that the course was effective in professional training (p <0.05), although it was not realized in endpoint better performance in the practice of dispensing pharmacists who participated in the evaluation by the mistery shopper. Nevertheless, the professionals were satisfied with the course. In conclusion, it was found that a distance course is effective to enable pharmacists in relation to the dispensing drugs, but also allowed certify that this strategy is not sufficient to render satisfactory service realization. Practical activities to develop the performance and behavior of professionals should be explored along the training. However, the pharmacist must also take more appropriate positions during the dispensation and not allow market pressures to interfere on the quality of their service.

Esta tese tem como tema a educação musical a distância. Tomando como ponto de partida o atual contexto de música e tecnologia, com as facilidades e problemáticas trazidas pelas amplas possibilidades comunicacionais do mundo moderno, o assunto é abordado tendo em vista a formação de professores de música. O objetivo desse estudo é investigar a viabilidade do ensino a distância em uma disciplina de percussão, dentro de um programa de formação de educadores musicais. Para a consecução desse objetivo, a disciplina Percussão foi desenvolvida e ministrada no âmbito do curso de Licenciatura em Educação Musical da UAB UFSCar, oferecido na modalidade a distância. Tal curso é resultado de uma parceria da Universidade Federal de São Carlos com a Universidade Aberta do Brasil, um projeto do Ministério da Educação do Governo Federal, visando uma ampliação das oportunidades de educação superior no país. Na exposição da pesquisa, são detalhados os processos de planejamento, produção e oferecimento da disciplina, destacando a escolha de conteúdos, a elaboração de materiais pedagógicos, os sistemas de avaliação e controle de freqüência, e algumas das situações vivenciadas durante sua primeira oferta, no primeiro semestre de 2009. O foco do trabalho é inicialmente dirigido para o desenvolvimento da educação a distância e das ferramentas que tornam possíveis os processos educacionais de música nessa área. São levantadas questões sobre a formatação de cursos formais de música e sobre aprendizagens informais, observando exemplos dos dois casos no universo da Internet. Considerando tópicos que lidam com recursos educacionais abertos, comunidades virtuais, compartilhamento de arquivos online, administração de conteúdos e atividades em ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem, e comunicações online com tutores e alunos, foi realizada a exploração de um vasto campo, encontrado em crescimento vertiginoso e constante modificação. Dentro desse cenário, o surgimento do curso de Licenciatura em Educação Musical da UAB UFSCar representa um marco histórico, como uma das primeiras experiências acadêmicas a distância, em ampla escala, a contribuir para a formação de professores de música em instituições brasileiras. Ao aproximar o olhar desse projeto, a percussão serviu como laboratório para uma investigação de questões relacionadas ao ensino de instrumentos musicais, com seus desafios particulares que, tradicionalmente, foram enfrentados em situações face a face, em que professor e alunos dividem um mesmo espaço, presencialmente. A pesquisa busca avanços no sentido de que a educação musical possa utilizar plenamente as possibilidades que a educação a distância oferece, consolidando a interseção dessas duas áreas como prática social significativa no Brasil. / The goal of this thesis is to produce a study on music distance education. Taking the current scenario of music and technology as a starting point, with all the facilities and problems arose by the vast array of communicational possibilities of the modern world, this theme is developed having in sight the formation of music teachers. For such task, as part of the work the discipline Percussion was chosen as an object of analysis, after being created and developed within the course of Music Education at the UAB UFSCar system, offered through distance education. This system results from a partnership between the Federal University of Sao Carlos and the Brazilian Open University, a project of the Ministry of Education of Brazil, aiming to increase opportunities for higher education in this country. At the exposition of the research, processes for the planning, preparing and offering of the discipline are detailed, showing contents chosen, elaboration of pedagogical materials, evaluation and frequency reports, and some of the situations experienced during its first offering, on the first semester of 2009. The focus of the work is initially set on distance education and on the tools that enable educational processes of music to occur within this area. Questions raised include formal programs of music and informal learning, observing examples for both cases on the Internet. Considering topics that deal with open educational resources, virtual communities, online file sharing, virtual learning environments, and online communications with tutors and students, a huge field was explored, one that is growing fast and constantly changing. As part of this context, the appearance of the course of Music Education at the Federal University of Sao Carlos sets a historic benchmark, being among the first academic experiences with distance education, in large scale, to contribute to the formation of music teachers in Brazilian institutions. Taking a closer look at this project, the discipline percussion served as a laboratory to investigate issues related to the teaching of musical instruments, with its own particular challenges, traditionally taken in face to face situations, when teacher and student share the same physical space. The research seeks to advance towards a music education that utilizes fully the possibilities that distance education offers, consolidating the intersection of these two areas as a significant social practice in Brazil.

Orientador: Sirio Possenti / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T16:28:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_Heliode_M.pdf: 5085462 bytes, checksum: 82cdc956cffc2b5bab40a8bffe5e9f51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Esta dissertação analisa as ocorrências do sintagma "educação a distância" e suas variantes no universo discursivo brasileiro contemporâneo, num recorte temporal de 2001 até 2011. Para tanto, embasa-se na noção de fórmula conforme proposta por Alice Krieg-Planque (2003, 2008, 2010, 2011), cujos trabalhos se inserem na Análise do Discurso de orientação francesa. O corpus, organizado a partir das ocorrências do sintagma citado, é constituído por textos de diferentes gêneros: artigos na área de educação, gêneros da mídia impressa, mídia online, mídia televisiva e também documentos oficiais do MEC - Ministério da Educação. A primeira questão diz respeito ao estatuto de "educação a distância" tendo em vista as quatro propriedades constitutivas da fórmula, a saber, funcionar como um referente social, inscrever-se numa dimensão discursiva, ter um caráter cristalizado e ser objeto de polêmica. O objetivo é analisar em que medida "educação a distância" funciona como um "lugar" privilegiado para "compreender a forma como os diversos atores sociais organizam, por meio dos discursos, as relações de poder e de opinião" (Krieg-Planque, 2010, p. 09), ao mesmo tempo em que participa de (e constitui) um processo de aceitabilidade social das modalidades de ensino não-presenciais. A principal conclusão é que está em curso uma mudança nos sentidos de "educação a distância", observável nas reformulações do sintagma. Indícios dessa mudança foram localizados por meio de uma análise diacrônica que parte de conotações negativas relacionadas à ocorrência de "teleducação", passando pela forma "educação a distância" e chegando à atualidade como "educação online/virtual". Além disso, as reformulações acontecem em meio a uma intensa polêmica, indicativa da relação interdiscursiva e da gênese de um discurso próprio de uma suposta nova forma de ensinar e aprender / Abstract: This dissertation analyzes the occurrences of the syntagma "distance education" and its variants in Brazilian contemporary discursive universe, in a time frame from 2001 to 2011. To do so, it's based on the notion of "formula" as proposed by Alice Krieg-Planque (2003, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012), whose works are included in French Discourse Analysis. The corpus, organized from the circulation of the mentioned syntagma, consists of texts from different genres: articles on education, print media (newspapers and magazines), online media (websites, blogs and others), TV media and also official documents of MEC - Ministry of Education. The first question concerns to the status of "distance education" as a discursive formula, considering the four constitutive features of the formula: to be a social referent, to have a crystallized character, to have a discursive dimension, and to be object of polemics. The main goal is to analyze how "distance education" can become a "special place to understand how the various social actors organize, through the discourses, relations of power and opinion" (Krieg-Planque, 2010, p. 09) and, at the same time, how it can take part in a process of social acceptability of distance teaching/learning. The main conclusion indicates it is in course a change in the meaning of "distance education", observable in the reformulations of syntagma. Evidence of this change can be seen in a diachronic analysis from the negative connotations related to the occurrence of "teleducation", going by the form "distance education" and coming to nowadays as "online education" and "virtual education". Besides, the reformulations take place among an intense controversy, indicative of the interdiscursive relation and the genesis of the new teaching and learning practices' discourse / Mestrado / Linguistica / Mestre em Linguística

M.Ed. (Media Studies) / Man's need for information is continually increasing and this need, in turn, presupposes continuing education and training (Freysen 1985:1). Further study, however, demands a high degree of motivation and self-discipline, and for that reason it is generally adults that register for such study, to update or broaden their knowledge. Since most students are employed and cannot be traditional students at a residential university, they turn to distance education as a result of the possibilities it offers. As a result of the separation between the student and the lecturer particular use is made of the printed word, as well as broadcasting and telecommunication media. Traditional dialogue takes place in the form of correspondence through the post, and it is also dependent on the above communication media. Among the problems that have been identified is the fact that most study packages have not been designed and compiled with the media in mind, and if various media are selected, this is done in a haphazard way. This study attempts to propose a procedure by which the lecturer can approach the design of multimedia study packages for distance education. For the lecturer, as well as the student, audiovisual media offer better control over learning, and greater interaction with the learning content. The student can revise, study and integrate the learning content at his leisure. In practice this means that audiovisual media should be more effectively used when planning instruction and learning (Bates, 1984:6). The distance education situation is approached as a didactic situation and the mportance of various components of the study package as an instructional is shown. The importance of media selection in the compilation of the study package is indicated, and certain aspects of instructional design are discussed. In this study an attempt has been made to show that instructional design is on the one hand a definite need, but on the other a definite possibility in distance education. Instructional design takes place in a systematic way by means of different procedures. During the design process a multimedia approach is followed in order to put together a multimedia study package which will put the student in a better position to learn.

M.A. / New developments in the dissemination of information have focused attention on the multimodal text, here the text that combines the linguistic code and the visual code. The multimodal text is being used more and more in the teaching situation. The aim of the Department of Education is to provide education and training for all, and to this end distance education is regarded as the most viable option for the South African situation. In the distance education situation, effective teaching relies almost entirely on the printed text, which means that quality text is of the utmost importance. This study explores the meaningful and effective use and integration of the language text and the visual image in the multimodal education text, as well as the various contextual factors that are involved, as one of the aspects that may determine the effectiveness of the education text. Practical guidelines, based on a critical look at passages from existing South African education texts, are suggested with a view to contributing towards the objective of producing an effective multimodal education text for a multicultural, heterogeneous student body. In this regard, reference is made to the situation at the South African College for Teacher Education (SACTE).

Technological advancements reshape societies at large and with that changes in behavior and the way in which people live and work follow. Education is no exception; technology enables students to attend courses independent of time and place. This thesis attempted to explore and develop an understanding of how students who study at a distance in higher education use technology to collaborate and how they experience collaboration. The philosophical base is postphenomenology and both interviews and observations have been conducted in order to collect data. Findings showed that a range of technologies were used to collaborate; both technologies for communication, storing of documents, brainstorming and screen sharing. Only the initial contact between fellow students were made through the technology that the university itself provided whereas the continued communication often took place elsewhere, chosen by the students. Although emerging technologies offer a vast range of opportunities for communication and collaboration, these were not always experienced as seamless. Diverging from previous literature where distance education has received critiques on not being able to fully replicate traditional studies; findings showed that the differences from traditional studies made students choose distance studies over traditional studies. Thus the value of distance studies relies on what actually differs them from traditional studies.

This mixed method study examined how integration of synchronous Web-based desktop conferencing affects undergraduate distance learning students' educational experience. Specifically, it compared students in one distance learning section of an introductory technology course delivered through a synchronous-enhanced mode (employing both synchronous and asynchronous tools) with students in a second section of the same distance learning course provided in the asynchronous only mode to examine variations in cognitive presence, social presence, and teaching presence through the lens of the Community of Inquiry model (Garrison, Anderson, and Archer, 2000). Additionally, this study measured perceived learning, learner-instructor interaction, and learner-learner interaction to determine whether observable differences between the two groups occurred. Benefits of the synchronous-enhanced distance learning environment predicted in this study included a statistically significantly stronger sense of cognitive presence, social presence, and teaching presence. It was also hypothesized that the synchronous-enhanced distance learning environment would yield statistically significantly higher reported perceived learning and interaction in contrast to the asynchronous condition. This study qualitatively explored how students perceived their experiences in synchronous-enhanced and asynchronous distance learning environments through focus group interviews and deductive analysis. Results of the analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between the synchronous-enhanced and asynchronous groups in measuring cognitive presence, social presence, teaching presence, perceived learning, learner-instructor interaction, and learner-learner interaction. Qualitative results evidenced higher frequencies in the synchronous-enhanced group with regard to clarification, collaboration, direct instruction, and interaction.

M.A. (Applied Linguistics) / The aim of this study is to point out how visual literacy can enhance the learning process, especially relating to study by means of distance education. The concepts of literacy and visual literacy are defined and discussed. Special attention is paid to the concept of academic literacy and what it entails. The conclusion is reached that visual literacy's an integral part of literacy as traditionally defined, and that no-one can be truly literate in the media-oriented society in which we live, without being visually literate. The concept of distance education is explored and recent developments at Technikon SA are outlined,as well as difficulties experienced by students who study through distance education. The discussion is focused on reasons why students enter the tertiary education system under prepared and why levels of visual literacy are generally very low. The pictorial approach to the design and production of study material for distance education is explained and discussed. Various visual elements of study material are discussed with regard to the promotion of leaning and the development of visual literacy. Recommendations are made pertaining mainly to the design and production of study material at Technikon SA. Low levels of visual literacy tend to be overlooked in current development of study material. The process of visual literacy development should be integral to the objectives of study material design.