Canada’s federal prison population has been rising for the past 10 years. This is perplexing given Canada’s national official crime rate has been declining since the 1970’s. One possible explanation for the rising prison population could be related to the restrictive measures imposed on parole policies during the last forty years. This thesis intends to analyze the recent parliamentary discourses surrounding recent legislative changes brought to parole by the conservative government. In doing so, a document analysis is conducted on the Parliamentary debates pertaining to section 6 and section 7 of Bill C-10 as well as the content of the amendments within section 6 and section 7 of Bill C-10. The purpose of the document analysis is to analyze the themes within these documents and determine whether or not these themes represent a potential change in the punitive approach towards parole. Given that a more punitive approach could have negative impacts on certain offenders and on society in general, this thesis aims to better understand the discourses and values of the Parliamentary debate participants’ changes to the legislation and the potential impacts these restrictions may have for Canada’s federal prison population.

This study investigates ‘how men knitting functions as a queer pedagogy’. In the doing it recognizes that a man knitting elbows his way into long-held contrived conventions of (domestic) femininity, queering space and generally causing embarrassment and a sense of cultural unease through his performance. As a work of educational research (situated within a Society, Culture, and Literacies profile) it is intent on troubling lingering gender-based notions of in/appropriate educational research and what remains academically out-of-bounds: knitting as domestic diversion has largely been neglected by scholars with the few academic sources focusing almost exclusively (and unapologetically) on female knitters. As such, the pedagogical meaning(s) of men knitting are essentially absent from the educational literature. This research project seeks to address that gap. Taking the form of three journal articles, this work reads the everyday performance of men knitting as queer pedagogy, learning which ‘minces’ and troubles not only masculinity but traditional constructions of educational discourse limiting pedagogy to classrooms and accredited educators. Using personal narrative and a methodology which brings together document analysis and queer theory, this study interrogates photographic and other artifacts through a queer lens, destabilizing meaning(s) and problematizing gender. It recognizes that leisure activities like knitting, as with other human activities, are by-products of the culture where they’re re/produced and a reflection of broader societal boundaries. ‘Men knitting as a queer pedagogy,’ is about gendered desires, anxieties, and places where critical dissatisfactions with culture gets performed in other/ed ways.

Restorative Justice (RJ) is an approach to justice which most often centres around creating a shared dialogue between stakeholders in a given offence. It is often contrasted with traditional criminal justice due to its focus on the personal involvement of those who have been directly impacted by the harm. Popular models of RJ include various types of mediation, conferencing, and circles, each with a slightly different approach toward reaching a settlement between stakeholders. Some of the main goals of RJ highlighted in the criminological literature include healing, reparation, and community-building. However, because of its nature as a diverse and contested subject over the past several decades, there are numerous understandings of RJ. Due to this frequent difficulty in defining and understanding RJ, this thesis attempts to provide some grounding on the subject through the document analysis of four Canadian RJ programs. RJ program documentation was analyzed in order to discover how these programs portray their “services” to the public. Results showed that many of the most prominent themes in the programs were also present in the literature. However, a more important facet of the discussion emerged with further analysis. Using a perspective of governmentalist versus communitarian RJ, the programs were compared to discover that the way in which a program presents itself in online documentation surely does not always encapsulate its core nature in terms of judicial, legal, and correctional involvement. Simply put, a verbal commitment to distancing oneself from the ways of the traditional criminal justice system does not necessarily signify a lack of involvement as it would suggest.

The advancements of AI methodologies and computing power enables automation and propels the Industry 4.0 phenomenon. Information and data are digitized more than ever, millions of documents are being processed every day, they are fueled by the growth in institutions, organizations, and their supply chains. Processing documents is a time consuming laborious task. Therefore automating data processing is a highly important task for optimizing supply chains efficiency across all industries. Document analysis for data extraction is an impactful field, this thesis aims to achieve the vital steps in an ideal data extraction pipeline. Data is often stored in tables since it is a structured formats and the user can easily associate values and attributes. Tables can contain vital information from specifications, dimensions, cost etc. Therefore focusing on table analysis and recognition in documents is a cornerstone to data extraction. This thesis applies deep learning methodologies for automating the two main problems within table analysis for data extraction; table detection and table structure detection. Table detection is identifying and localizing the boundaries of the table. The output of the table detection model will be inputted into the table structure detection model for structure format analysis. Therefore the output of the table detection model must have high localization performance otherwise it would affect the rest of the data extraction pipeline. Our table detection improves bounding box localization performance by incorporating a Kullback–Leibler loss function that calculates the divergence between the probabilistic distribution between ground truth and predicted bounding boxes. As well as adding a voting procedure into the non-maximum suppression step to produce better localized merged bounding box proposals. This model improved precision of tabular detection by 1.2% while achieving the same recall as other state-of-the-art models on the public ICDAR2013 dataset. While also achieving state-of-the-art results of 99.8% precision on the ICDAR2017 dataset. Furthermore, our model showed huge improvements espcially at higher intersection over union (IoU) thresholds; at 95% IoU an improvement of 10.9% can be seen for ICDAR2013 dataset and an improvement of 8.4% can be seen for ICDAR2017 dataset. Table structure detection is recognizing the internal layout of a table. Often times researchers approach this through detecting the rows and columns. However, in order for correct mapping of each individual cell data location in the semantic extraction step the rows and columns would have to be combined and form a matrix, this introduces additional degrees of error. Alternatively we propose a model that directly detects each individual cell. Our model is an ensemble of state-of-the-art models; Hybird Task Cascade as the detector and dual ResNeXt101 backbones arranged in a CBNet architecture. There is a lack of quality labeled data for table cell structure detection, therefore we hand labeled the ICDAR2013 dataset, and we wish to establish a strong baseline for this dataset. Our model was compared with other state-of-the-art models that excelled at table or table structure detection. Our model yielded a precision of 89.2% and recall of 98.7% on the ICDAR2013 cell structure dataset.

Orientador: João Batista Ernesto de Moraes / Banca: Helen de Castro Silva / Banca: Maria Cristiane Barbosa Galvão / Resumo: A pesquisa tem como tema "O percurso gerativo de sentido aplicado à análise documental de textos narrativos de ficção: perspectivas de utilização em bibliotecas universitárias", com o foco no estudo da análise textual buscando a concretização de sentido no encadeamento das figuras e no encadeamento dos temas presentes nos contos para a recuperação da informação. O pressuposto é que não existem ferramentas de análise de assunto adequadas para a análise de obras de ficção devido à ausência de procedimentos metodológicos que contribuam efetivamente para o tratamento desse tipo de documento para o estabelecimento do tema. Dessa forma, propõem-se a busca subsídios teórico-metodológicos no percurso gerativo de sentido, componente da Semântica Discursiva, para compreensão e extração do tema em obras de ficção. Os objetivos da pesquisa são: a análise, identificação e aplicação metodológica do percurso, buscando identificar os textos figurativos e temáticos, bem como a concretização do sentido do texto; o estudo dos atores que permeiam o encadeamento das figuras e dos temas, determinando as relações existentes nesse tipo de superestrutura narrativa; identificar e analisar o nível de experiência na atuação profissional dos bibliotecários na atividade de indexação de obras ficcionais; identificar e analisar as atitudes dos profissionais bibliotecários em relação à atividade de indexação com vistas a oferecer embasamento teórico para futuros estudos que efetivem uma proposta metodológica para a identificação do tema de obras ficcionais. O método escolhido para a realização da investigação é a pesquisa descritiva por permitir a observação, o registro, a análise e a correlação dos fatos. A entrevista estruturada e focalizada será utilizada como técnica de coleta de dados que permitirá a comparação e reflexão das respostas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The works of fiction have no tools for appropriate subject analysis due to the absence of methodological procedures that contribute effectively to the treatment of this kind of document to the establishment of the theme. Thus, it is proposed to search for subsidies in the gerativo theoretical and methodological journey in a sense, part of Discursive Semantic for understanding and extracting the theme in works of fiction. The objectives of the research are the analysis, identification and methodological application of the route, seeking to identify those figurative and thematic texts as well as the implementation of the meaning of the text, the study of the actors that permeate the sequence of figures and topics, determining the relationship in that kind of superstructure narrative, identify and analyze the level of experience in the professional performance of librarians in the activity Index of works of fiction, identifying and analyzing the attitudes of professional librarians in relation to the activity of indexing and the offering theoretical basis studies for future studies that put into effect that a methodological proposal for identifying the subject of fictional works. The chosen method to carry out the research is the descriptive search that allows the observation, the registration, examination and the correlation of facts. The structured and focused interview will be used as a technique for collecting data that will allow comparison and reflection of the answers. The thematic and figurative journey will be applied and analysed in short stories for the establishment of the theme (Phase 1). The collection of data was held in three libraries of UNESP Libraries Network in order to extract the techniques used by librarians to identify the topic of fictional documents (Stage 2). The final phase includes the transcription and analysis of results and reflection enabling guidelines for the analysis of documentary works fictional. / Mestre

The purpose of this study was both to determine the most popular art curricula used by home-schooled students in Georgia and also to access whether or not these curricula align with State and National Standards for art education as well as current trends in the field. This research was approached from a document analysis standpoint and individual curriculum documents were examined and evaluated. Seven curricula/teaching resources were identified as the most popular in the state of Georgia and these were evaluated individually to identify themes, which were then compared to themes present in the National and State Standards for art education. While there was some overlap in themes from the curricula examined and the State and National Standards, it was determined that on the whole the curricula made no concerted effort to adhere to these standards.

Scholars in the field of student judicial affairs have recommended that institutions remove all legal terminology and references in student conduct codes and create codes based on student development theory and practice (Dannells, 1997; Gehring, 2001; Stoner & Cerminara 1990; Stoner, 2000). The purpose of this study was to analyze student conduct codes to determine the extent to which college and university administrators have adopted Stoner and Cerminara, Gehring, and Pavela's suggestions. This study is a content analysis of student conduct codes. The data were collected by using a stratified randomly selected group of Carnegie classified institutions and examining the student conduct code for each institution from the respective institution's website. Descriptive statements were used to code and analyze the data. The study results show that only 20% of the institutions in the study had taken the advice of the judicial scholars and removed all legalistic language. Therefore, the majority of the institutions in this study, regardless of institutional type or size, need to reexamine and modify their student conduct codes. / Master of Arts

No / We present a framework for the describing the genres of illustrated documents, based on analysis at five levels: content structure, rhetorical structure, layout structure, navigation structure, and linguistic structure. We also include three sources of constraints under which a document might be produced and interpreted: canvas constraints, production constraints, and consumption constraints. Document genres are conceptualised as complex specifications composed of descriptions at each of the five levels that conform in characteristic ways to the three kinds of constraint. We propose that the eight parameters together form a 'space' of possible identities for documents, electronic or paper. The notion of 'genre space' captures the fact that it is possible for new genres to develop at different positions in the space, as well enabling relationships between document types, or even transformations between them, to be examined and described.

Esta tesis contribuye en el límite del conocimiento en algunos procesos relevantes dentro del flujo de trabajo típico asociado a los sistemas de reconocimiento óptico de música (OMR). El análisis de los documentos es una etapa clave y temprana dentro de dicho flujo, cuyo objetivo es proporcionar una versión simplificada de la información entrante; es decir, de las imágenes de documentos musicales. El resto de procesos involucrados en OMR pueden aprovechar esta simplificación para resolver sus correspondientes tareas de forma más sencilla y centrándose únicamente en la información que necesitan. Un ejemplo claro es el proceso dedicado a reconocer las áreas donde se sitúan los diferentes pentagramas. Tras obtener las coordenadas de los mismos, los pentagramas individuales pueden ser procesados para recuperar la secuencia simbólica musical que contienen y así construir una versión digital de su contenido. El trabajo de investigación que se ha realizado para completar la presente tesis se encuentra avalada por una serie de contribuciones publicadas en revistas de alto impacto y congresos internacionales. Concretamente, esta tesis contiene un conjunto de 4 artículos que se han publicado en revistas indexadas en el Journal Citation Reports y situadas en los primeros cuartiles en cuanto al factor de impacto, teniendo un total de 58 citas según Google Scholar. También se han incluido 3 comunicaciones realizadas en diferentes ediciones de un congreso internacional de Clase A según la clasificación proporcionada por GII-GRIN-SCIE. Se puede observar que las publicaciones tratan temas muy relacionados entre sí, enfocándose principalmente en el análisis de documentos orientado a OMR pero con pinceladas de transcripción de la secuencia musical y técnicas de adaptación al dominio. También hay publicaciones que demuestran que algunas de estas técnicas pueden ser aplicadas a otros tipos de imágenes de documentos, haciendo que las soluciones propuestas sean más interesantes por su capacidad de generalización y adaptación a otros contextos. Además del análisis de documentos, también se estudia cómo afectan estos procesos a la transcripción final de la notación musical, que a fin de cuentas, es el objetivo final de los sistemas OMR, pero que hasta el momento no se había investigado. Por último, debido a la incontable cantidad de información que requieren las redes neuronales para construir un modelo suficientemente robusto, también se estudia el uso de técnicas de adaptación al dominio, con la esperanza de que su éxito abra las puertas a la futura aplicabilidad de los sistemas OMR en entornos reales. Esto es especialmente interesante en el contexto de OMR debido a la gran cantidad de documentos sin datos de referencia que son necesarios para entrenar modelos de redes neuronales, por lo que una solución que aproveche las limitadas colecciones etiquetadas para procesar documentos de otra índole nos permitiría un uso más práctico de estas herramientas de transcripción automáticas. Tras la realización de esta tesis, se observa que la investigación en OMR no ha llegado al límite que la tecnología puede alcanzar y todavía hay varias vías por las que continuar explorando. De hecho, gracias al trabajo realizado, se han abierto incluso nuevos horizontes que se podrían estudiar para que algún día estos sistemas puedan ser utilizados para digitalizar y transcribir de forma automática la herencia musical escrita o impresa a gran escala y en un tiempo razonable. Entre estas nuevas líneas de investigación, podemos destacar las siguientes: · En esta tesis se han publicado contribuciones que utilizan una técnica de adaptación al dominio para realizar análisis de documentos con buenos resultados. La exploración de nuevas técnicas de adaptación al dominio podría ser clave para construir modelos de redes neuronales robustos y sin la necesidad de etiquetar manualmente una parte de todas las obras musicales que se pretenden digitalizar. · La aplicación de las técnicas de adaptación al dominio en otros procesos como en la transcripción de la secuencia musical podría facilitar el entrenamiento de modelos capaces de realizar esta tarea. Los algoritmos de aprendizaje supervisado requieren que personal cualificado se encargue de transcribir manualmente una parte de las colecciones, pero los costes temporal y económico asociados a este proceso suponen un amplio esfuerzo si el objetivo final es transcribir todo este patrimonio cultural. Por ello, sería interesante estudiar la aplicabilidad de estas técnicas con el fin de reducir drásticamente esta necesidad. · Durante la tesis, se ha estudiado cómo afecta el factor de escala de los documentos en el rendimiento de varios procesos de OMR. Además de la escala, otro factor importante que se debe tratar es la orientación, ya que las imágenes de los documentos no siempre estarán perfectamente alineadas y pueden sufrir algún tipo de rotación o deformación que provoque errores en la detección de la información. Por lo tanto, sería interesante estudiar cómo afectan estas deformaciones a la transcripción y encontrar soluciones viables para el contexto que aplica. · Como caso general y más básico, se ha estudiado cómo, con diferentes modelos de propósito general de detección de objetos, se podrían extraer los pentagramas para su posterior procesamiento. Estos elementos se han considerado rectangulares y sin rotación, pero hay que tener en cuenta que no siempre nos encontraremos con esta situación. Por lo tanto, otra posible vía de investigación sería estudiar otros tipos de modelos que permitan detectar elementos poligonales y no solo rectangulares, así como la posibilidad de detectar objetos con cierta inclinación sin introducir solapamiento entre elementos consecutivos como ocurre en algunas herramientas de etiquetado manual como la utilizada en esta tesis para la obtención de datos etiquetados para experimentación: MuRET. Estas líneas de investigación son, a priori, factibles pero es necesario realizar un proceso de exploración con el fin de detectar aquellas técnicas útiles para ser adaptadas al ámbito de OMR. Los resultados obtenidos durante la tesis señalan que es posible que estas líneas puedan aportar nuevas contribuciones en este campo, y por ende, avanzar un paso más a la aplicación práctica y real de estos sistemas a gran escala.

Yes / The aim of this study is to profile the contemporary advanced clinical practitioner (ACP) role through standardized document sets. Documentary analysis of job descriptions (JDs), person specification and advertisements. England based jobs advertised on NHS jobs website from 22 January to 21 April 2021. A toatal of 143 trainee and qualified ACP roles were identified. A wide range of sectors and specialities were represented from across all English regions. The most common roles were urgent care, emergency medicine and primary care. Most qualified roles were agenda for change band 8A, although this did vary across specialities. Many roles were restricted to a small number of professions, notably nursing, physiotherapy and paramedic. Inconsistent role titles were noted. A lack of understanding of regulation across different professions was noted. The ACP role has become an accepted across healthcare providers in England. Implementation remains varied across specialities and organizations. Eligibility criteria may relate to professional bias. ACP roles are expanding but this may be at the detriment to advanced nursing posts. Inconsistency in role eligibility suggests some professional bias exists. This was scoping of ACP roles across England using job advertisements. ACP roles are common across sectors and specialities but eligibility varies. The research will have impact on those looking to recruit to ACP roles as well as those refining JDs. No EQUATOR guideline exists for document analysis. No Patient or Public Contribution. The research relates to organizational human resource information only.