A major challenge faced by project managers is balancing the variables of scope, cost, and schedule. Changes in scope usually result in cost/schedule overruns. Variance in either or both of them creates disorder (typically increases) in the estimated or projected time and cost. Therefore, controlling cost and schedule are two of the most critical aspects of a construction project. This research uses two already existing management theories, specifically Management by Means (MBM) and Management by Results (MBR), and analyzes a case where these two theories are combined with the goal of improving construction practices. This research compares an eight month schedule in a construction project and relates Percentage of Planned activities Completed (PPC) with projected and actual draw (cash) calls. The research analyzes the question of how lean construction PPC captures variance in cost. The research method is based on a literature review, data collection, case study and data interpretation to answer the hypothesis that improvement in PPC over a particular month has a positive correlation with difference between cash calls. Because this research is limited to a time frame of 8 months in a single project, it is not statistically significant. However, this research serves to create a model template or pilot study for a larger study.

In a fiber spinning process molten polymer is extruded into a fiber. The resulting fiber known as as-spun fiber is relatively weak and shows a large plastic central zone in its constitutive behavior. As a result the fiber deforms substantially without a significant change in load thus making it unsuitable for stress bearing applications. The range of plastic deformation is related to the natural draw ratio. In order to improve the mechanical properties of as spun fibers, fiber spinning is followed by a fiber draw process. With multi stage draw the as-spun fiber is drawn beyond the plastic region in various drawing zones which produces greater orientation of the polymer chains in the axial direction of the fiber thus enhancing mechanical strength characteristics of the fiber. The multistage draw process consists of several rollers each rotating at a speed greater than the one prior to it. The objective of this work is to develop a first approximation to model fiber draw in the multistage drawing process, with and without a draw pin. As the first step the slippage of fibers on rollers was analysed by including centrifugal acceleration and acceleration due to stretching. The draw in a free span is also modelled. Several representative draw processes were examined. It was found draw pin localizes the draw significantly although the resulting mechanical unloading complicates the analysis. Draw in the free span is impossible for isothermal draw processes, and anisothermal draw induces thermal unloading in the system. A comprehensive analysis of various draw processes will be examined.

No description available.

Submitted by FERNANDA DA SILVA VON PORSTER (fdsvporster@univates.br) on 2016-10-20T18:44:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2016ClaudioPereiradaSilva.pdf: 5295534 bytes, checksum: 4031bebbebd48e27e36c03eacb24b70e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Lisboa Monteiro (monteiro@univates.br) on 2016-10-26T19:02:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2016ClaudioPereiradaSilva.pdf: 5295534 bytes, checksum: 4031bebbebd48e27e36c03eacb24b70e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-26T19:02:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2016ClaudioPereiradaSilva.pdf: 5295534 bytes, checksum: 4031bebbebd48e27e36c03eacb24b70e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10 / Contextualizar a utilização de recursos tecnológicos ao fazer pedagógico pode ser uma premissa importante para o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias de ensino. Assim, este trabalho, teve como intuito analisar as implicações decorrentes do uso dos softwares Mapeador de Riscos Ambientais e LibreOffice Draw, como estratégia pedagógica, para o ensino de mapa de riscos ambientais, no curso técnico de Segurança do Trabalho. A priori foi verificado como o ensino de mapa de riscos era efetivado em turmas anteriores, e ao constatar a ausência de softwares no ensino dessa temática, foi estruturada uma estratégia de ensino baseada em problemas e colocada em prática, via intervenção pedagógica, com o uso dos softwares Mapeador de Riscos Ambientais e LibreOffice Draw. Essa intervenção foi realizada durante dois meses com a participação de 20 alunos e do professor que ministra a disciplina de Informática Aplicada no referido curso ofertado no IFPA – Campus Conceição do Araguaia. Quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com procedimentos técnicos de pesquisa-ação. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram: entrevistas, questionários, observação participante, fotografias e filmagens. No fazer pedagógico, a docência aconteceu de forma mediadora, os discentes foram orientados a buscar autonomia nas aprendizagens e atuarem como colaboradores inclusive nos planejamentos. Os resultados apontam que no campo pedagógico os dois softwares têm especificidades que se complementam e são úteis ao ensino. O Mapeador de Riscos Ambientais é fácil de utilizar e prático, permite indicar os riscos dos setores, já vem com os grupos de riscos cadastrados, é gratuito, intuitivo, gera o mapa de riscos setorial a partir dos cadastros, bem como o relatório detalhado dos riscos por setores. Pode ser utilizado para introduzir os conteúdos acerca de mapa de riscos, pois, a forma como os grupos dos riscos são apresentados, facilita o cadastro, e consequentemente o entendimento acerca desses. Já o LibreOffice Draw, é uma ferramenta que permite concretizar ações práticas tais como: construir, formar, desenhar, representar, visualizar e confeccionar, ou seja, são verbos que expressam ações cognitivas oriundas da prática, do fazer, do experimentar, do errar, do acertar, mas também do aprender. Assim, é mais complexo e também mais completo, por isso, é uma ferramenta indicada para praticar e aprofundar os conhecimentos inerentes aos mapas de riscos. No desenvolvimento da prática pedagógica foi constatado que os alunos pouco se atrasavam, os faltosos evitavam faltar, os desmotivados se mostraram estimulados e com novos entusiasmos. Portanto, esses softwares serviram como catalisadores de motivação e autonomia. Ao final das atividades os alunos conseguiram elaborar os mapas propostos, portanto esses resultados mostram indícios de que pode ter existido aprendizagem. / Contextualize the use of technological resources to do could be a pedagogical important premise for the development of new teaching strategies. Thus, this work had as objective to analyze the implications arising from the use of the softwares Mapeador de Riscos Ambientais and LibreOffice Draw, as a pedagogical strategy, for teaching environmental risk map, in the course of work safety technician. A priori was verified as the risk map education was accomplished in previous classes, and to note the absence of software in teaching this subject, was structured a strategy of problem-based teaching and put into practice, via educational intervention with the use of Mapeador de Riscos Ambientais and LibreOffice Draw. This intervention was carried out for two months with the participation of 20 students and 1 teacher who teach the subject of applied in that course offered at IFPA-Campus Conceição do Araguaia. As to the methodological aspects, it is a qualitative research, with technical procedures of action research. The data collection instruments used were: interviews, questionnaires, participant observation, photography and filming. In the do, teaching educational happened so mediator, the students were told to seek autonomy in learning and act as collaborators in planning. The results indicate that the educational field the two softwares have specific characteristics that complement each other and are useful for teaching. The Mapeador de Riscos Ambientais is easy and practical to use, allows you to register the risks of the sectors, it comes with risk groups registered, it's free, intuitive, generates the map of sectorial risks from the registers, as well as the detailed report of the risk sectors. Can be used to introduce the contents on a map of risks, because, the way the groups of risks are presented, makes it easy to record, and therefore the understanding of these. Already the LibreOffice Draw is a tool that allows you to achieve practical actions such as building, forming, drawing, acting, show and cook, in other words, are verbs that express cognitive actions from practice, do, try, make mistakes, get it right, but also learn? Thus, it is more complex and more complete, so it is a tool suitable for practice and deepen the knowledge inherent to risk maps. In the development of pedagogical practice, it has been found that students little is slowed, the absentees avoided missing the unmotivated proved stimulated and new enthusiasms. Therefore, this software served as catalysts of motivation and autonomy. At the end of the activities all students were able to draw up the proposed maps, so these results show evidence that may have existed.

No description available.

A pesquisa que fundamenta a presente dissertação tem como ponto de partida as percepções pessoais do autor sobre semelhanças no processo de criação em suas duas áreas de atuação: o design gráfico e o desenho artístico. Para investigar a existência de tais semelhanças, primeiramente procede-se a uma pesquisa teórica sobre essas áreas, numa breve abordagem histórica até seus modos de existir na pós-modernidade, com atenção especial ao papel transformador exercido pela tecnologia digital. São descritas algumas estratégias contemporâneas para a criação de imagens, no âmbito do design e das artes visuais, onde se identificam semelhanças estéticas em procedimentos envolvidos na criação de desenhos e peças gráficas. Com a finalidade de comprovar a existência de tais semelhanças e identificar sua origem, em um segundo momento, o processo pessoal de criação é analisado. Por fim, procede-se à análise dos depoimentos de profissionais também dedicados ao design gráfico e ao desenho como meio de expressão, onde se vêem modos diferentes de interação e percebem-se distanciamentos, transposições, colaborações e contribuições entre essas áreas. / This thesis is based on a research that has its starting point on the author's personal perceptions of similarities in the creative process in his two areas of work: graphic design and artistic drawing. To investigate the existence of such similarities, first a theoretical research is done on these areas, providing a brief historical approach up until their manners of existence in postmodernity, with special attention to the transformative role played by digital technology. Some contemporary strategies are described for the creation of images in design and visual arts, in which both aesthetic and procedural similarities are identified. Secondly, personal creation processes are analyzed in order to demonstrate the existence of such similarities and to identify their origin. Finally, an examination is done of the testimonies of professionals also dedicated to graphic design and drawing, in which different ways of interaction are seen, and distancing, transpositions, collaborations and cooperation between these areas are perceived.

O objetivo da tese foi evidenciar a posição central da “designalidade” e do “desenho” nas racionalidades que acompanham a sociedade ocidental desde o século XIII. A “designalidade” seria a própria dimensão visível da racionalidade. Ou seja, as relações entre as formas nominativas e pictóricas do “desenho” dariam suporte e seriam suportadas por estas racionalidades, fornecendo a especificidade formal de tempos e lugares diferentes. Esta pesquisa se pautou em duas modificações de racionalidades. A primeira é a transição de racionalidades cristãs ocorridas no século XII, de um homem subjetivado pelo pecado original a um homem feito à imagem e semelhança de Deus. Esta racionalidade advinda da Alta Idade Média daria lugar a dois acontecimentos fundamentais na sociedade ocidental. Primeiro, à emergência do “desenho”, em suas formas italianas nominativas – os usos generalizados do “disegno” e do “disegnar” – e pictóricas, a tradição do “olhar-janela”, a visão como se “de Deus fosse”. Esta tradição se iniciaria no século XIII e chega até o século XXI. O segundo acontecimento viabilizado por esta transição de racionalidades cristãs, através do novo lugar ocupado pelo homem, numa posição absoluta diante das demais coisas e seres terrenos, seria a sua adequação às demandas de organização da sociedade no século XVI. A razão “homem comparável a Deus” deslizaria das formas explicativas, justificativas e organizativas estritamente fundadas na fé e na religião católica, para a formulação econômicopolítica, disciplinar, classicista e científica do Estado mercantil policial no século XVI. À forma generalizada que o “desenho que faz olhar através de” deu à nova racionalidade cristã e à forma organizativa emergente do Estado policial, entre os séculos XIII e XVI, dei o nome de designalità. A maneira generalizada da Europa conceber a organização da sociedade deixa de ser dominante no século XVIII – mas permanece como forma alternativa – através do surgimento de novos modos de raciocinar. O Estado mercantil policial clássico deixa de responder satisfatoriamente às demandas sociais, políticas e econômicas no cenário europeu dos séculos XVII e XVIII e passa a se identificar com a nova forma do Estado econômico liberal moderno – que se tornaria industrial. Desta feita, não se trata de uma modificação interior ao pensamento estritamente católico-cristão. Reformas protestantes e contrarreforma católica haviam predisposto diferentes regiões e sociedades a distintos acontecimentos políticos, econômicos e sociais. Dessa modificação de racionalidades emergiria o “design”, como nova forma nominativa e pictórica generalizada das práticas de “desenho”. A nova forma de perceber a racionalidade seria a designality. Entretanto, a designalità permaneceria modificada pelo academicismo francês em designalité. O que se teria a partir da transição entre as designalidades clássica e moderna seria, então, uma forma híbrida, designality/designalité, que se manteria assim até o início do século XXI, onde finalmente se sinalizam indícios da dominância da designality. / The objective of the thesis was to evince the central position of "designalidade" and "design" in the rationalities that follow Western society since the thirteenth century. The “designalidade” would be the very visible dimension of rationality. That is, the relationship between verbal and pictorial forms of "design" that would give support and be supported by these rationalities, providing the formal specificifity of different times and places. This research has centered on two changes of rationalities. The first is the transition from Christian rationality that has occurred in the twelfth century, of a man crushed by the original sin to a man made by the image and likeness of God. This rationality arising from the Middle Ages would have two major events in Western society. First, the emergence of “drawing” in its Italian nominative forms – the widespread use of “disegno” and “disegnare” – and pictorial tradition of the “look-window”, the view as if “it was God’s one”. This tradition would begin in the thirteenth century and reaches the twenty-first century. The second event made possible by this transition from Christian rationality throughout the new space occupied by the man in an absolute position facing the other earthly beings and things, would be it’s adjustment to the demands of organization from the society in the sixteenth century. The reason “man comparable to God” would slip from the explanatory, justification and organizational forms strictly based on faith and Catholic religion, to formulate an economic and political, disciplinary, classicist and scientific of mercantilist Police State in the sixteenth century. The generalized form that the “drawing which make look through” gave to the new Christian rationality and to the emerging organizational form of Police State, between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries, I’ve called designalità. The widespread way in Europe since the sixteenth century to conceive the organization of society is no longer dominant in the eighteenth century – but remains as an alternative – through the emergence of new ways of thinking. The mercantilist classic State Police fails to respond satisfactorily to the social, political and economic demands of the European seventeenth and eighteenth centuries scenario and comes to identify with the new form of the modern liberal and economic State – that would become industrial. This time, it is not a change within the strictly Catholic-Christian thought. The Protestant reforms and Catholic Counter-Reform had predisposed different regions and societies to different political, economic and social events. From this change of rationalities would emerge the “design” as a new word and pictorial form widespread from the practices of “drawing”. The new way to understand the rationality would be designality. However, the designalità remain, as amended by French academicism in designalité. What we have from the transition between classical and modern designalidades would then be a hybrid designality/designalité form, which would remain so until the beginning of the twenty-first century, where it finally signal evidences of the dominance of designality.

This study investigated the relationship between the Bender-Gestalt, Draw-a-Man, and the Wexler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. Twenty-two children enrolled in the Logan, Utah Head-Start Program comprised the sample. Product-moment correlations indicated a significant relationship between these instruments. The following tentative conclusions were drawn: The Wexler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence bears a relationship to the Draw-a-Man and Bender-Gestalt tests similar to that between the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and these instruments. The Bender-Gestalt test, using the Koppitz scoring system, and the Draw-a-Man test can serve a similar checking function with the Wexler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence as they do with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Methodological shortcomings prohibit over-generalization of these findings. The results, however, are seen as indicative of the promise of these instruments, and further investigation was advocated.

Plastic  deformation of tubes can be achieved in numerous ways. One of the most useful type is CNC tube bending machines which is used in many industries such as aerospace, automotive, HVAC systems and so on. It is important that all components of system should mate properly after producing and because of this bend shaping requires sensitive operation on each components to ensure regularity of production processes with high quality end-product. Thus, the CNC tube bending industry to become widespread. However it brings some troubleshooting like wrinkling, springback, breakage and ovalisation. This failures depends on geometry of the material such as bending radius, tube thickness and also friction factor between dies and the tube. Effects of all parameters should be examined before generating the theory for a best solution. Therefore, prediction of the required moment for the proper bending process with low cost and shortened production time is needed. All of these requirements can be achieved through a C++ form application program.

The bottleneck of forming small radius tube is that traditional processing methods can¡¦t effectively produce smaller bend radius tube in domestic industry now. First, this study will propose methods without mandrel, based on traditional bending way of rotary draw bending to form small bending radius tubes. This paper investigate results of traditional bending mode without mandrel in second part. By using finite element analysis, find the effects on wall-thinning, wall-thickening and ovility with different processing parameters. Also using the research results to obtain forming ranges. Through heating tubes we explore the possibility of hot forming of parameters and to find the impacts on bending tubes which heating under different parameters. We use the results above to find out the hot forming ranges. In heating and quenching of rotary draw bending experiments, we found that heating tubes under the same processing parameter can effectively enhance the formability and successfully derive better products of small radius bending tubes, to accomplish non-mandrel rotary bending process of small bending radius.