The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of incarceration on behavior patterns on DUI second offenders. This study assessed the thoughts, feelings, and actions of adult, male DUI second offenders at four points. Specifically, behavior patterns were assessed at the time the individual made a decision to engage in drinking which led to their second DUI arrest, at two points during their incarceration for this offense, and thirty days after their parole from jail. A review of the extant literature provided insight into the factors influencing DUI recidivism. An interview protocol was developed from the literature analysis. Data were collected by interview and by extraction of relevant information from confidential court records. The TFA Clinical Interview was contained in the interview protocol and provided qualitative and quantitative data relevant to each participant's decision about engaging in drinking at specific times. The Hutchins Behavior Inventory (HBI) was used at two intervals, in conjunction with the TFA Clinical Interview, as an objective quantitative assessment of behavior relevant to the same drinking decision. The quantitative and qualitative assessment of thoughts, feelings, and actions contributed to the overall conclusion that incarceration had no effect on behavior pattern change for these DUI second offenders. The results of this study suggest the DUI second offender planned their drinking events, failed to consider the consequences of drinking and driving behavior, and perceived a low probability of detection of driving under the influence. Feelings relevant to the drinking episode were positive based on anticipation of favorable social interaction. Actions were limited to work and those activities which involved drinking. TFA System (tm) provided a method to evaluate thoughts, feelings, and actions relevant to decisions about engaging in drinking behavior. Such a method of assessment showed promise as a valuable tool to be used in the development of effective intervention strategies for DUI recidivists. / Ed. D.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Drinking and driving is increasingly becoming a detrimental behavior, especially amongst college-aged students in the U.S. and other countries. Additionally, research shows that college-age students in the U.S. are more likely to drink and drive, than college-age students in Germany. Fishbein and Ajzen’s Theory of Reasoned Action asserts that subjective norms and attitudes signify behavioral intentions. In order to test the TRA and understand the drinking and driving differences and similarities in the U.S. and Germany, focus groups of German and American college-age students were conducted to discuss subjective norms and attitudes surrounding drinking and driving behaviors, followed up by an electronic pilot study survey regarding same. The data collected illustrated that college-age drinking and driving is occurs more frequently in the U.S., and that American and German students differ in their attitudes and subjective norms surrounding drinking and driving. Future research would benefit the continued use and circulation of the electronic surveys for larger cross-cultural samples of college-age students to more effectively and quantitatively assess actual drinking and driving behaviors as it relates to subjective norms and attitudes, as suggested in the TRA.