Diss.--Philosophische Fakultät--Münster--Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 1986. / Bibliogr. p. 467-503.

Texte remanié de: Tesis doctoral--Facultad de geografía e historia--Madrid--Universidad nacional de educación a distancia. / Bibliogr. p. 457-470.

Diss.--Rechts- und Staatswissenschaftliche Fakultät--Bonn--Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, 1991.

Revised version of doctoral thesis, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [485]-501) and index.

Revised version of doctoral thesis, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [485]-501) and index.

Thèse--Anglais--Avignon, 1998. / Bibliogr. et discogr. p. 462-472. Index.

The purpose of the thesis is to analyse the law approach to duels in Czech law history and by analysis of selected legal texts to confirm the hypothesis that rather than idea of social development with ideas of humanity it is the fact that duel by its nature is competing with the law that determines the prevailing law approach to duels and the progress of this approach. This matter, the law approach to duels changing dynamically in history, is observed particularly from a law-giver point of view. The thesis consists of eight chapters, including introductory and ending part. The division into chapters is made chronologically with respect to prevailing law approach to duels (with the exception of the first and second chapter). In Introduction are briefly listed and evaluated works dealing with the abovementioned matter as well as introduction to the methodology used in the thesis. Chapter One examines meaning, origins and development of meaning of the word duel ("souboj" in Czech) and its equivalents. Chapter Two deals with origins of the duel. It is divided into two parts. Part One presents the main approaches in recent literature to the matter of duel origins. Part Two focuses on one of the most important sources of duel - a feud. Chapter Three is addressed to the duel as a part of legal...

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De la seconde moitié du XVIe siècle au règne personnel de Louis XIV, les duels clandestins se multiplient en France. Par le biais de cet exercice, la noblesse cherche à affirmer son identité de classe en réaction aux changements politiques et structuraux qui affectent la société d'Ancien Régime. Or cette prolifération de combats donne lieu à une vaste production d'ouvrages se consacrant au phénomène. D'une part, les auteurs attachés aux valeurs aristocratiques tentent de persuader l'autorité royale de rétablir un duel autorisé à la manière médiévale, qui, en offrant un lieu d'expression officiel à l'honneur nobiliaire, permettrait selon eux de faire cesser les affrontements. D'autre part, un groupe d'auteurs appartenant aux corps constitués oeuvrant à la défense des structures de l'État - magistrats et hommes d'Église -, proposent plutôt d'infliger de graves peines aux combattants. Dans cette thèse, nous montrons, par l'examen des procédés stylistiques, des emprunts intertextuels et du système de références mis en oeuvre dans ces textes, que la réflexion sur le duel s'articule autour d'un imaginaire héroïque, mobilisé par les auteurs de chaque position selon leurs intérêts. À travers un ensemble de figures récurrentes empruntées à la littérature de fiction ou l'histoire fictionnalisée - figures qui cristallisent une série de notions-clés au coeur du débat intellectuel sur le combat singulier (vertu, honneur, noblesse, jugement de Dieu) -, ce sont deux façons de concevoir l'organisation de la société française qui s'affrontent dans un véritable duel symbolique. / From the second half of the 16th century to the personal reign of Louis XIV, there was an increase in the number of clandestine duels in France. Through this practice, nobility sought to affirm its class identity in reaction to structural and political changes which affected the Old Regime. This proliferation of combats gave rise to a vast production of works dedicated to this very phenomenon. One group of authors attached to aristocratic values tried to persuade the royal authority to re-establish a legal form of duel, similar to what existed in medieval times. It would create, they argued, an official space for the expression of nobiliary honour and would permit the end of the clandestine duels. An opposite group of authors who belonged to the constituted bodies dedicated to the defense of the structures of the State - magistrates and clergymen - proposed rather to inflict grave punishments on the combatants. This thesis will demonstrate, though the analysis of stylistic processes, of intertextual loans and of the system of references employed in these texts, that the reflection on the duel revolves around heroic imagery, used differently by each group of authors in accord with their own interests. Through an ensemble of recurring figures borrowed from fictional literature or fictionalized history - figures which reinforce a series of key-notions at the heart of the intellectual debate on the duel (such as virtue, honour,

The thesis focuses on the problems of Early Modern Period duels concentrating on aristocratic milieu in Bohemia. The thesis is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1 outlines the problems based on up to now findings especially foreign historical science. A necessary part is the evaluation of the existing literature on up-to-date subject, brief introduction of the methodological approach and an outline of the possible thematic areas. In association with the thematic areas, it is possible to pay attention to the problems of duels. In this Chapter is also a detailed introduction to the chosen methodological solution {--} historical-anthropological draft of honour in the Early Modern Period. The Early Modern Period is based on many categories as e.g. inward and outward honour, honour of a male and a female or individual and collective honour. Chapter 2 puts the Early Modern Period in a spatiotemporal context and tries to introduce not only the predecessor in the way of medieval court duels, aristocratic hate perhaps even knightly tournaments but also his successors in the way of strictly ritualistic duels of the long 19th century. A special attention is paid to an analysis of duel books of references of the 19th century, which is supposed to serve as a solution for the third chapter. Chapter 3 is a personal analysis of the Early Modern Period considering all possible aspects which are possible to be discovered in the context. Attention is paid to all possible reasons of the beginning of the Early Modern Period duels, direct and indirect participants, circumstances which accompanied the Early Modern Period as well as potential results for all parties concerned. The Early Modern duel should be roughly outlined as an original development in the history of duels in terms of untold references in the source of personal nature and personal research. The same emphasis is put in the involvement of a duel as a indivisible part of the intellectual world of the Early Modern period of a human being with a special consideration to the milieu of the noble people. The aim of the thesis is to prove the peculiarity of the Early Modern Period duel and to refer to the characteristic place in the inward world of the then noble rank as well as other ranks of the society.