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Wheelset Structural Flexibility and Track Flexibility in Vehicle-Track Dynamic InteractionChaar, Nizar January 2007 (has links)
This thesis investigates the influence of wheelset structural flexibility and track flexibility on the vehicle-track dynamic interaction, mainly in terms of wheel-rail forces up to 200 Hz, using simulations and measurements. The previous knowledge in this field is first reviewed and summarized, then two case studies are selected for investigation. The first case study involves a locomotive running on a tangent track section at a speed of 140 km/h, while the second one deals with a newly designed motor coach running at two adjacent and tangent track sections with different track components and at speeds up to 280 km/h. For the locomotive case study, the wheelset dynamic properties are first investigated through experimental modal analysis (EMA) for a frequency range of 0-500 Hz, assuming free boundary conditions. The EMA results showed relatively low wheelset eigenfrequencies. A three-dimensional finite element (FE) model, which also includes the wheelset gear-box, is then developed and validated against the measurements for frequencies up to 200 Hz with good agreement. The FE results displayed a significant influence of the wheels’ flexibility on the wheelset’s total structural flexibility. In order to assure proper representation of the track flexibility the vertical and lateral dynamic track properties at a sleeper are measured through a special vehicle at standstill, and measured track irregularities are used. In the numerical simulations, the wheelset structural flexibility is introduced using the calculated eigenmodes above while so-called moving track models are used to model the track flexibility. The simulated wheel-rail forces are then validated against measured ones obtained from corresponding on-track measurements. Results from the simulations highlight the importance of proper track flexibility modelling and track data and also show a significant influence of the wheelset structural flexibility on the lateral track forces. For the motor coach case study, the wheelset dynamic properties are determined through numerical modal analysis using a rather simple FE model and a number of eigenmodes are then introduced in the simulations. The vertical and lateral track dynamic properties at selected track sections are measured using the standstill technique but rolling stiffness measurements, where the vertical track flexibility in the frequency range 5-50 Hz is measured continuously along the track, are also included. The track flexibility is introduced through moving track models. Measured track irregularity and vertical track roughness are also considered. Basic numerical simulations, where the calculated track forces are compared to measured ones, are first performed and followed by a set of parametric studies. The results display a significant influence of the track flexibility on vertical wheel-rail forces for frequencies above 80 Hz, with higher forces for the stiffer track (but weaker rails). The effect of wheelset structural flexibility on the lateral force is also confirmed. The parametric studies highlight the importance of track flexibility modelling and show that modifications of the vertical track receptance, motivated by uncertainties in the pertinent measurements, can improve the simulated forces. / QC 20100701
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Resposta de sistemas dinamicos e rotores interagindo com o solo / Dynamic system response and rotors interacting with soilSousa, Amilcar Daniel Ogaz de 15 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Euclides de Mesquita Neto / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T00:21:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Sousa_AmilcarDanielOgazde_M.pdf: 3046046 bytes, checksum: 289cbf406a5a9496df2d904d50f26fe8 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: A presente dissertação descreve a resposta de um sistema dinâmico constituído por um rotor, uma fundação rígida e um solo homogêneo. O rotor considerado é um modelo de Jeffcott (Laval) com amortecimento externo. O rotor está fixado em uma fundação rígida que, por sua vez, está assentada em um solo homogêneo modelado como um semi-espaço viscoelástico. O sistema é analisado no plano do rotor. Uma cuidadosa dedução das equações de movimento é apresentada. A resposta dinâmica do solo é sintetizada com auxílio do Método dos Elementos de Contorno. A análise é conduzida no domínio da freqüência, reproduzindo o comportamento estacionário do rotor e da fundação. A influência de diversos parâmetros do sistema, sobre a resposta dinâmica do rotor e fundação é estudada. Entre os parâmetros geométricos considerados estão a altura do centro geométrico da fundação em relação ao solo e a altura do rotor em relação à fundação. O papel das razões de inércia entre rotor e fundação é investigado. A influência do amortecimento interno e do amortecimento geométrico do solo é analisada. O tipo de contato entre a fundação rígida e o solo também á estudada. / Abstract: The present work describes the dynamic response of a system consisting of a rotor, a rigid foundation and a homogeneous soil profile. The rotor is considered a Jeffcott (Laval) model with external damping which is attached to a rigid foundation. The foundation is supported by a viscoelastic half-space. The analysis is conducted in the plane of the rotor. A detailed deduction of the system's equation of motion is presented. The soil response is synthesized by the Boundary Element Method. The analysis is conducted in the frequency domain, leading thus to the stationary response of rotor and foundation. The influence of distinct system parameters of the dynamic response of rotor and foundation is addressed. The geometric parameters include the distance of the foundation mass center to the soil-foundation interface and the height of the rotor with respect to the foundation. The effect of rotor to foundation inertia ratio is investigated. The role of soil internal and geometric damping on the system response is also addressed. The influence of the contact type at the soil foundation interface, bonded or smooth, is also considered. / Mestrado / Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Deterioration of railway track due to dynamic vehicle loading and spatially varying track stiffnessFrohling, Robert Desmond 12 January 2009 (has links)
Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Civil Engineering / unrestricted
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Assessment of Power Generation, Dynamic Interaction and Human Comfort of a Suspended Energy Harvesting BackpackMi, Jia 11 May 2022 (has links)
M.S. / Electronics, wearable devices are important in nowadays informationalized lifestyle. One prominent problem with those electronic devices is that almost all of them depend on batteries as power sources, which has become a bottleneck due to the limited life span. Constantly replacing or recharging batteries is inconvenient, burdensome, and sometimes even impossible. This problem is more intractable when the power cannot be accessed conveniently (such as during fieldwork, hiking, and military missions). What’s more, no matter how much energy the battery stores, it will drain eventually. In addition, large battery will add extra weight and occupy space. Substitute power supply that conquer these aforementioned dilemmas are thus highly desirable. Energy harvesting by its nature could be an inexhaustible replacement for batteries. This insight inspires so many energy harvesting researchers tirelessly working and trying to make it happen.
Suspended backpack is an effective way to harvest energy from human motions.This study evaluates different energy harvesting backpack configurations and comprehensively assessed the power generation, dynamic interaction and human comfort. Dynamic modelling considering the dynamic interaction between human body and backpack is established to optimize the design. Bench tests and treadmill tests are carried out to evaluate the real performance. Experimental results show that the harvesting energy from human motion via a suspended energy-harvesting backpack could incessantly generate considerable electricity applicable for charging carry-on electronic devices. The potential application scenarios of this technology include solders, field-workers as well as outdoor adventure.
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Análise dinâmica da interação entre ponte rodoviária e veículos pesados / Dynamic analysis between highway bridge and heavy vehicleCassola, Silmara 05 August 2005 (has links)
O problema da interação dinâmica entre ponte rodoviária e veículo pesado tem sido, há pouco mais de uma década, tema de muitos estudos. O objetivo é considerar as ações dinâmicas de forma mais realista e definir novos critérios de projeto. Este trabalho contribui com um estudo teórico, por elementos finitos, sobre as respostas dinâmicas de pontes considerando a interação com as respostas do veículo. A interação entre ambos é tratada por meio do acoplamento das suas matrizes, e as respostas no tempo do sistema ponte/veículo acoplado são calculadas pelo método de Newmark. A estrutura é representada por elementos de placa de 9 nós e o veículo por modelo tridimensional com 7 e 11 graus de liberdade para veículos com 2 e 3 eixos, respectivamente. Os modelos são elaborados com dimensões e características de estruturas reais. A travessia do veículo é representada pela mudança de posição dos pneus de nó em nó do modelo da estrutura. Para cada posição do veículo são obtidas as matrizes de massa, amortecimento e rigidez do sistema acoplado, desde a entrada do 1° eixo até a saída do último. As respostas são calculadas para diversas condições de operação simuladas pela combinação de diferentes peso e velocidade do veículo com diferentes rugosidades da pista. Os resultados numéricos se mostraram coerentes com os resultados de análises dinâmicas realizadas experimentalmente, obtidos na literatura, e possibilitaram visualizar alguns dos problemas observados em pontes reais. / Since the past decade, the problem of interaction between vehicle and structure responses has been object of many studies. The objectives are to consider the dynamic loads in a more realistic way and to define new design criteria aiming safety and economy. In this thesis, a theoretical investigation on the dynamic response of highway bridge submitted to heavy vehicle, using the finite elements method, is presented. This analysis considers the interaction between vehicle response and structure response through the coupling matrices of both. The detailed models are idealized with magnitude and characteristics of real structures. The bridge is idealized with plate elements of 9 nodes, and the vehicle, with a three-dimensional model. The traffic is considered by changing tires\' position node by node on bridge model, hence the mass, stiffness and damping matrices are updated in agreement with the position of the vehicle. It allows the evaluation of the behavior of the structure from the first axle entrance to last axle exit. The applied forces to the structure are related, besides to the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle, to its speed and the surface irregularities. The time-dependent responses are calculated by Newmark\'s method. The numeric results have allowed the visualization some of the observed problems in real bridges.
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Análise dinâmica da interação entre ponte rodoviária e veículos pesados / Dynamic analysis between highway bridge and heavy vehicleSilmara Cassola 05 August 2005 (has links)
O problema da interação dinâmica entre ponte rodoviária e veículo pesado tem sido, há pouco mais de uma década, tema de muitos estudos. O objetivo é considerar as ações dinâmicas de forma mais realista e definir novos critérios de projeto. Este trabalho contribui com um estudo teórico, por elementos finitos, sobre as respostas dinâmicas de pontes considerando a interação com as respostas do veículo. A interação entre ambos é tratada por meio do acoplamento das suas matrizes, e as respostas no tempo do sistema ponte/veículo acoplado são calculadas pelo método de Newmark. A estrutura é representada por elementos de placa de 9 nós e o veículo por modelo tridimensional com 7 e 11 graus de liberdade para veículos com 2 e 3 eixos, respectivamente. Os modelos são elaborados com dimensões e características de estruturas reais. A travessia do veículo é representada pela mudança de posição dos pneus de nó em nó do modelo da estrutura. Para cada posição do veículo são obtidas as matrizes de massa, amortecimento e rigidez do sistema acoplado, desde a entrada do 1° eixo até a saída do último. As respostas são calculadas para diversas condições de operação simuladas pela combinação de diferentes peso e velocidade do veículo com diferentes rugosidades da pista. Os resultados numéricos se mostraram coerentes com os resultados de análises dinâmicas realizadas experimentalmente, obtidos na literatura, e possibilitaram visualizar alguns dos problemas observados em pontes reais. / Since the past decade, the problem of interaction between vehicle and structure responses has been object of many studies. The objectives are to consider the dynamic loads in a more realistic way and to define new design criteria aiming safety and economy. In this thesis, a theoretical investigation on the dynamic response of highway bridge submitted to heavy vehicle, using the finite elements method, is presented. This analysis considers the interaction between vehicle response and structure response through the coupling matrices of both. The detailed models are idealized with magnitude and characteristics of real structures. The bridge is idealized with plate elements of 9 nodes, and the vehicle, with a three-dimensional model. The traffic is considered by changing tires\' position node by node on bridge model, hence the mass, stiffness and damping matrices are updated in agreement with the position of the vehicle. It allows the evaluation of the behavior of the structure from the first axle entrance to last axle exit. The applied forces to the structure are related, besides to the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle, to its speed and the surface irregularities. The time-dependent responses are calculated by Newmark\'s method. The numeric results have allowed the visualization some of the observed problems in real bridges.
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Reconstruction and Control of Tip Position and Dynamic Sensing of Interaction Force for Micro-Cantilever to Enable High Speed and High Resolution Dynamic Atomic Force MicroscopyLiu, Zhen 18 May 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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Pantograph-Catenary Dynamic Models and their Implementation in Hardware-in-the-Loop TestsGil Romero, Jaime 30 January 2023 (has links)
Tesis por compendio / [ES] Existe una extensa red de líneas ferroviarias electrificadas en todo el mundo. La mayoría de ellas utilizan líneas aéreas de contacto o catenarias para suministrar electricidad a los trenes. Las catenarias son estructuras de cables ubicadas sobre las vías ferroviarias, diseñadas para ser contactadas por los pantógrafos que se encuentran sobre la parte superior de los trenes. El correcto funcionamiento del sistema requiere un alto nivel de exigencia, especialmente a alta velocidad, cuando la continuidad del contacto se ve comprometida.
La herramienta más empleada el sistema pantógrafo-catenaria es el uso de simulaciones numéricas. En particular, el Método de los Elementos Finitos (MEF) es la técnica más extendida para modelar y simular la interacción dinámica del pantógrafo con la catenaria.
Después de la etapa de simulación, el pantógrafo y la catenaria tienen que ser testados mediante ensayos experimentales en vía. Sin embargo, existe una alternativa que puede reemplazar esos ensayos con una reducción significativa de costes. Dicha alternativa, llamada Hardware In the Loop (HIL), permite testar pantógrafos en el laboratorio mediante un banco de ensayos que emula la interacción con una catenaria virtual. Diferentes grupos de investigación han implementado HIL; sin embargo, en todos los intentos se han adoptado soluciones de compromiso, lo que demuestra el reto que supone la aplicación de HIL. Esta Tesis pretende avanzar en el campo de ensayos HIL, impulsando las capacidades de la técnica y solventando algunas de las limitaciones encontradas en la literatura. Para ello se proponen dos tipos diferentes de modelos de catenaria para su uso en ensayos HIL.
El primero es un modelo analítico basado en un cable tensado con perfil geométrico periódico que proporciona la solución estacionaria del sistema. Este enfoque reduce la complejidad de la catenaria, pero mantiene las principales características que intervienen en la dinámica. El modelo ha demostrado ser útil para explicar el comportamiento fundamental de la catenaria, ayudando a comprender el fenómeno de interferencia entre dos pantógrafos. Este modelo analítico es adecuado para HIL debido a su bajo coste computacional. En el presente trabajo se propone un algoritmo iterativo para utilizar el modelo analítico en HIL. El hecho de que el modelo sea periódico permite la aplicación de una estrategia específica para compensar el retraso del lazo de control. Esta estrategia tiene un excelente rendimiento y precisión, validados al comparar ensayos HIL con simulaciones. La validación se realiza con un peso en el lugar del pantógrafo para eliminar las potenciales diferencias en el modelo. Si bien la precisión alcanzada es buena, el modelo analítico de catenaria carece de fidelidad, lo que ha motivado el desarrollo del siguiente modelo.
El segundo modelo de catenaria para ensayos HIL es el Modelo Periódico de Elementos Finitos (MPEF), discretizado con el MEF para evitar adicionales simplificaciones topológicas y estructurales. En la formulación se incluye la condición de periodicidad y la dinámica se resuelve mediante análisis en frecuencia. Además, las no linealidades de la catenaria se consideran en la formulación. Un algoritmo iterativo, similar al utilizado para los ensayos HIL con catenaria analítica, es usado para realizar ensayos HIL con catenarias MPEF. La estrategia anterior de utilización de un peso se emplea para validar el sistema de ensayos, resultando tener una gran precisión. Los resultados son gratificantes debido a la sofisticación del modelo de catenaria, la precisión de los ensayos y la cancelación del retraso. Los ensayos realizados simulan la respuesta de catenarias realistas con la hipótesis simplificativa de periodicidad. Son adecuados para la dinámica de catenarias de vanos iguales en la zona central de cada cantón, sin embargo es necesario seguir realizando esfuerzos para eliminar la condición de periodicidad sin comprometer la precisión de los resultados. / [CA] Existeix una extensa xarxa de línies ferroviàries electrificades a tot el món. La majoria d'elles utilitzen Línies Aèries de Contacte o catenàries per a subministrar electricitat als trens. Les catenàries són estructures de cables situades sobre les vies ferroviàries, dissenyades per a ser contactades pels pantògrafs que es troben sobre la part superior de la locomotora. El correcte funcionament del sistema requereix un alt nivell d'exigència, especialment a alta velocitat, quan la continuïtat del contacte es veu compromesa.
L'eina majoritària per el sistema pantògraf-catenària és l'ús de simulacions numèriques. En particular, el Mètode dels Elements Finits (MEF) és la tècnica més usada per a modelar i simular la interacció dinàmica del pantògraf amb la catenària. Aquest mètode permet modelar catenàries.
Després de l'etapa de simulació, el pantògraf i les catenàries han de ser testats en assajos experimentals en via. No obstant això, existeix una alternativa que pot reemplaçar eixos assajos amb una reducció significativa de costos. Aquesta alternativa, anomenada Hardware in the Loop (HIL), permet testar pantògrafs en el laboratori amb un banc d'assajos que emula la interacció amb una catenària virtual. Diferents grups d'investigació han implementat HIL; no obstant això, en tots els intents s'han adoptat solucions de compromís, la qual cosa demostra el repte que suposa l'aplicació de HIL. Aquesta Tesi pretén avançar en el camp dels assajos HIL, impulsant les capacitats de la tècnica i solucionant algunes de les limitacions trobades en la literatura. Aquesta Tesi proposa dos tipus diferents de models de catenària per al seu ús en assajos HIL.
El primer és un model analític basat en un cable tens amb perfil geomètric periòdic que proporciona la solució estacionària del sistema. Aquest model redueix la complexitat de la catenària, però manté les principals característiques que intervenen en la dinàmica. El model ha demostrat ser útil per a explicar la dinàmica fonamental de la catenària, ajudant a comprendre el fenomen d'interferència entre dos pantògrafs. Aquest model analític és adequat per a realitzar assajos HIL a causa del seu baix cost computacional. Aquest treball proposa un algoritme iteratiu per a utilitzar el model analític en assajos HIL de pantògrafs. El fet que el model siga periòdic permet l'aplicació d'una estratègia específica per a compensar el retard del llaç de control. Aquesta estratègia té un excel·lent rendiment i precisió, validats en comparar assajos HIL amb simulacions numèriques. La validació es realitza amb una massa en el lloc del pantògraf per a eliminar les potencials diferències en el model. Si bé la precisió aconseguida és bona, el model analític de catenària manca de fidelitat, la qual cosa ha motivat el desenvolupament d'un model periòdic més avançat.
El segon model de catenària per a assajos HIL és el Model Periòdic d'Elements Finits MPEF, discretitzat amb el MEF per a evitar simplificacions topològiques i estructurals addicionals. El model inclou la condició de periodicitat i la dinàmica es resol mitjançant anàlisi en freqüència. A més, les no linealitats de la catenària es consideren en la formulació. Un algoritme iteratiu, similar a l'utilitzat per als assajos HIL amb catenària analítica, és usat per a realitzar assajos HIL amb catenàries MPEF. L'estratègia anterior d'utilització d'una massa s'empra per a validar el sistema d'assajos, resultant tindre una gran precisió. Els resultats són gratificants a causa de la sofisticació del model de catenària, la precisió dels assajos i la cancel·lació del retard. Els assajos realitzats simulen la resposta de catenàries realistes amb la hipòtesi simplificativa de periodicitat. Són adequats per a la dinàmica de catenàries de vans iguals en la zona central dels seccionaments, no obstant això és necessari continuar fent esforços per a eliminar la condició de periodicitat sense comprometre la precisió dels res / [EN] There is an extensive network of electrified railway lines over the world. Most of them use overhead contact lines or catenaries to provide the trains with electrical power. Catenaries consist of electrified wires placed over the rail track, designed to contact the pantograph placed on the roof of the train. The proper operation of the system is very demanding, especially at high speed, when the continuity of the contact is compromised.
The most predominant tool for studying and designing the pantograph-catenary system is the use of numerical simulations. Notably, the Finite Element Method (FEM) is the most popular technique for modelling and simulating the dynamic interaction of the pantograph and the catenary. This method allows modelling catenaries with outstanding fidelity and without any loss of generality.
After the simulation stage, the pantograph and the catenaries have to be assessed by in-line experimental tests. However, there is an alternative that can replace those tests with a significant reduction in costs. The alternative method, called Hardware In the Loop (HIL), allows testing pantographs in the laboratory with a test rig that emulates the interaction with a virtual catenary. Different research groups have implemented HIL; however, in every attempt, a compromise solution has been adopted, demonstrating the challenging nature of HIL. This Thesis aims to advance in the field of HIL tests, pushing forward the capabilities of the technique and solving some of the limitations found in the literature. This Thesis proposes two different kinds of catenary models for their use in HIL tests.
The first is an analytical model based on a string of periodic geometric profile that accounts for the steady state. It reduces the complexity of the catenary but keeps the main features involved in the dynamic. The model has proven useful in explaining the fundamental dynamics of the catenary, helping understand the interference between two pantographs. This analytical model is suitable for HIL because of its low computational cost. An iterative algorithm is proposed to use the analytical model in HIL. The fact that the model is periodic permits a specific strategy to compensate the control loop delay. This strategy has excellent performance and accuracy, validated by comparing HIL tests with numerical simulations and getting an agreement. This agreement will not be possible if the pantograph model of the simulations is inaccurate. Therefore, the validation is carried out with a weight or mass model in place of the pantograph to eliminate potential differences. Even though the precision achieved is good, the analytical catenary model lacks fidelity, which has motivated the development of a more advanced periodic model.
The second catenary model for HIL tests is the Periodic Finite Element Model (PFEM), discretised with FEM to avoid further topological and structural simplifications. The model includes the periodicity condition, and the dynamics are solved by frequency analysis. Furthermore, the catenary non-linearities are considered in the formulation. An iterative algorithm, similar to the one used for the HIL tests with the analytical catenary, is used to realise HIL tests with PFEM catenaries. The previous strategy with a mass model is used to validate the test, confirming great precision. The results are gratifying due to the sophistication of the model, the accuracy of the tests and the cancellation of the delay. The tests simulate the response of realistic catenaries with the simplifying periodicity hypothesis. They are adequate for the dynamic of equal-span catenary at the central zone of every section, but future efforts have to be made to get rid of the periodicity condition while keeping the accuracy of the results. / The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support received from the
State Research Agency of the Spanish Science and Innovation Ministry (PID2020-
113458RB-I00) and from the Valencian Regional Government (PROMETEO/2021/046) (PROMETEO/2016/007) and the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (TRA2017-84736-R), also the
funds received jointly from the Regional Government of Valencia and the Euro-
pean Social Fund, under Grant APOSTD/2019/205 / Gil Romero, J. (2022). Pantograph-Catenary Dynamic Models and their Implementation in Hardware-in-the-Loop Tests [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/191501 / Compendio
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Adapting Psychotherapeutic Interventions to Major and Minor Image-Distorting Defense MechanismsGlobe, Michelle 07 July 2023 (has links)
No description available.
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Advances Techniques for Time-Domain Modelling of High-Frequency Train/Track InteractionGiner Navarro, Juan 07 November 2017 (has links)
[EN] The aim of the present Thesis is to develop models for the study of very high-frequency phenomena associated with the coupling dynamics of a railway vehicle with the track. Through these models, this Thesis intends to address squeal noise as a particular case of rolling noise when the train negotiates a small radius curve.
Wheel/rail interaction is the predominant source of noise emission in railway operations. Rolling contact couples the wheel and the rail through a very small area, characterised by strongly non-linear and non-steady state dynamics that differentiates rolling noise from any other noise problem. Wheel/rail contact problem is studied based on Kalker's variational theory and the local falling behaviour of the coefficient of friction is introduced by means of a regularisation of Coulomb's law. Its implementation shows that the influence of the falling friction on the creep curves can be assumed negligible, thus rolling contact is finally modelled using a constant coefficient of friction.
Flexibility is introduced in railway substructures through the Finite Element (FE) method in order to cover the high-frequency range. This work adopts a rotatory wheelset model that takes computational advantage of its rotational symmetry. It also develops a cyclic flexible rail model that fixes the translational contact force in a spatial point of the mesh through a technique called Moving Element (ME) method. A modal approach is used to reduce significantly the number of degrees of freedom of the global problem and a diagonalisation technique permits to decouple the resulting modal equations of motion in order to increase the computational velocity of the time integrator.
Simulations in curving conditions in the time domain are carried out for constant friction conditions in order to study if the proposed interaction model can reproduce squeal characteristics for different curve radii and coefficients of friction. / [ES] El objetivo de la presente Tesis es desarrollar modelos para el estudio de fenómenos de muy alta frecuencia asociados a la dinámica acoplada de un vehículo ferroviario con la vía. A través de estos modelos, esta Tesis pretende abordar el fenómeno de los chirridos como un caso particular de ruido de rodadura en condiciones de curva cerrada.
La interacción rueda/carril es la fuente predominante de ruido en las operaciones ferroviarias. El contacto es el responsable del acoplamiento entre la rueda y el carril a través de un área muy pequeña caracterizada por una dinámica fuertemente no lineal y no estacionaria. El problema de contacto rueda/carril se estudia mediante la teoría variacional de Kalker y la caída local del coeficiente de fricción se introduce por medio de una regularización de la ley de Coulomb, que muestra que su influencia sobre las curvas de fluencia se puede despreciar. Como consecuencia, el coeficiente de fricción se considera constante.
La flexibilidad se introduce en las subestructuras ferroviarias a través del método de los Elementos Finitos (EF) para cubrir el rango de las altas frecuencias. La Tesis adopta un modelo de eje montado rotatorio que toma ventaja computacional de su simetría rotacional. También desarrolla un modelo de carril flexible y cíclico que fija la fuerza de contacto en un punto espacial de la malla mediante el método de los Elementos Móviles (EM). Se utiliza un enfoque modal para reducir significativamente el número de grados de libertad del problema global; las ecuaciones de movimiento resultantes en coordenadas modales se desacoplan mendiante una técnica de diagonalización para aumentar la velocidad computacional del integrador temporal.
Las simulaciones en condiciones de curva en el dominio del tiempo se llevan a cabo en condiciones de fricción constante con el objetivo de estudiar si el modelo de interacción propuesto puede reproducir las características del chirrido en curva para diferentes radios de curva y coeficientes de fricción. / [CAT] L'objectiu de la present Tesi és desenvolupar models per a l'estudi de fenòmens de molt alta freqüència associats amb la dinàmica acoblada d'un vehicle ferroviari amb la via. Aquests models permeten simular el soroll de rodament encara que, en particular, aquest treball es proposa abordar el fenomen del soroll grinyolant produït quan el tren negocia un radi de curvatura estret.
La interacció roda/carril és la font predominant de l'emissió de soroll en les operacions ferroviàries. El contacte acobla la roda i el carril a través d'una àrea molt reduïda que es caracteritza per una dinàmica fortament no lineal i no estacionària. El problema de contacte roda/carril s'estudia mitjançant la teoria variacional de Kalker i el descens local del coeficient de fricció s'introdueix per mitjà d'una regularització de la llei de Coulomb, què demostra que la seua influència en les corbes de fluència es pot suposar insignificant. Per tant, s'utilitza un coeficient de fricció constant per a modelar el contacte.
La flexibilitat s'introdueix en les subestructures de ferrocarril a través del mètode d'Elements Finits (EF) per tal de cobrir el rang d'alta freqüència. La present tesi adopta un model d'eix muntat rotatori que s'aprofita de la seua la simetria rotacional per a augmentar la eficiència computacional. També desenvolupa un model de carril flexible i cíclic que fixa la força de contacte en un punt espacial de la malla a través del mètode dels Elements Mòbils (EM). S'empra un enfocament modal per reduir significativament el nombre de graus de llibertat del problema global, al temps que s'implementa una tècnica diagonalització que permet desacoblar les equacions modals de moviment per a augmentar la velocitat computacional de l'integrador temporal.
Les simulacions en les condicions de corba en el domini del temps es duen a terme per a condicions de fricció constant per tal d'estudiar si el model d'interacció proposat pot reproduir les característiques del soroll grinyolant per a diferents radis de corba i coeficients de fricció. / Giner Navarro, J. (2017). Advances Techniques for Time-Domain Modelling of High-Frequency Train/Track Interaction [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/90637
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