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Success and Failure of Experts and Novices in a Complex and Dynamic Business SimulationEdelstein, Hannah 01 January 2013 (has links)
The current study examined the problem solving behaviors of novices and experts in a complex computer simulation. Dynamic decision-making and complex problem solving abilities were analyzed to investigate if experts are the most successful of all participants when simulating the role of CEO of a chocolate factory, CHOCO FINE. Participants included novices, business undergraduate students and psychology undergraduate students, and experts, small business owners. Results revealed that small business owners engaged in the most successful dynamic decision-making strategies. Experts compared to novices had more total monies at the end of the simulation, spent more time in the first two months of twenty-four months, spent less money on information collection overall, made the most changes in representatives and advertising, and less changes in market research. This study addressed the differences between novices and experts not only in performance, but also in behavior in a complex and uncertain situation. The findings from this research enhance the dearth of research in addressing the relationship between behavior strategy and performance specifically in the area of expertise. The research at hand extends the previous literature within the domain of decision-making and provides insight for the differences in behavior strategies between novice and expert subjects.
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Validation of the recognition-primed decision model and the roles of common-sense strategies in an adversarial environmentSoh, Boon Kee 24 April 2007 (has links)
This dissertation set out to understand the decision processes used by decision makers in adversarial environment by setting up an adversarial decision making microworld, as an experimental platform, using a real time strategy (RTS) game called Rise of Nations (RON). The specific objectives of this dissertation were:
1.Contribute to the validation of recognition-primed decision (RPD) model in a simulated adversarial environment;
2.Explore the roles of common-sense strategies in decision making in the adversarial environment; and
3.Test the effectiveness of training recommendations based on the RPD model.
Three related experimental studies were setup to investigate each of the objectives. Study 1 found that RPD model was partly valid where RPD processes were prevalently used but other decision processes were also important in an adversarial environment. A new decision model (ConPAD model) was proposed to capture the nature of decision making in the adversarial environment. It was also found that cognitive abilities might have some effects on the types of decision processes used by the decision makers.
Study 2 found that common-sense strategies were prevalent in the adversarial environment where the participants were able to use all but one of the warfare related strategies extracted from literature without teaching them. The strategy familiarization training was not found to significantly improve decision making but showed that common-sense strategies were prevalent and simple familiarization training was not sufficient to produce differences in strategy usage and performances from the novice participants. Study 3 also found that RPD based training (cue-recognition and decision skill training) were not significant in producing better performance although subjective feedback found such training to be useful. However, the participants with RPD based training conditions were able to perform on the same level as the expert participants bridging the gap between novices and experts.
Based on the findings, it was recommended that decision training should involve not just RPD based training, but comparisons of attributes as well. A more interactive training combining common-sense strategies, cue-recognition and decision skill training might be more useful. More theoretical experimentation would be required to validate the new decision model proposed in this dissertation. / Ph. D.
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Un modèle de prise de décision basé sur la performace des procesus métiers collaboratifs / Dynamic decision model based on the performance of collaborative business processesHachicha, Maroua 03 April 2017 (has links)
Cette thèse se focalise sur l’amélioration de l’évaluation de performance des processus métiers collaboratifs. Il s’agit de poursuivre l’évolution de la collaboration entre l’entreprise et ses partenaires. Trois niveaux d’abstraction ont été d’abord identifiés : Métier, fonctionnel et applicatif. Ensuite, nous avons développé une approche descendante allant du niveau métier au niveau applicatif. Dans le niveau métier, des différents d’indicateurs clés de performance ont été proposés à travers la méthodeECOGRAI. Dans le niveau applicatif, nous avons proposé un référentiel d’analyse contenant des indicateurs techniques fonctionnels tels que la durée, l’input, l’output, et non-fonctionnels notamment la maturité, le risque, l’interopérabilité à partir des traces d’exécution. Nous avons proposé ainsi un modèle ontologique en vue de capitaliser et enrichir la sémantique de la performance de ces processus. Nous avons proposé un modèle ascendant pour l’agrégation des indicateurs technique au niveaumétier. Le principal objectif de cette agrégation est la corrélation entre le comportement de l’application métier agrégé à partir de l’exécution et l’évolution des indicateurs métiers. Un autre modèle de gestion des événements métiers a été également proposé pour consolider le processus d’apprentissage de notre approche. Par ailleurs, pour assurer la convergence de la performance, nous avons combiné entre la gestion des traces et la gestion des évènements métiers. Cette combinaison permet d’accompagner l’évolution des processus métiers collaboratifs pendant leur exécution. L’accompagnement évoqué avant favorise l’obtention d’un diagnostic sur la performance pour servir à la prise de décision. Cette dernière est liée étroitement à la détection des alertes et particulièrement à l’anticipation des déviations de la performance le plus rapidement possible. Pour valider lacontribution scientifique de cette thèse, une étude de cas a été réalisée sur un processus de création de devis dans le cadre du projet européen FITMAN. / This thesis focuses on improving the performance evaluation of collaborative business processes. It is about pursuing the evolution of the collaboration between the company and its partners. In the beginning, three abstraction levels were identified: Business, functional and application. Then, we developed a top-down approach from the business level to the application level. In the business level, different key performance indicators have been proposed through the ECOGRAI method. In the application level, we proposed an analytical repository containing functional technical indicators such as duration, input, output, and non-functional, including maturity, risk, and interoperability based on execution traces. We have thus proposed an ontological model in order to capitalize and enrich the semantics of the performance of these processes. We proposed a bottom-up model for the aggregation of technical indicators at the business level. The main objective of this aggregation is the correlation between the behavior of the aggregated business application from the execution and the evolution of the business indicators. Another business event management model was also proposed to consolidate the learning process of our approach. Moreover, to ensure the convergence of performance, we have combined traces management and business event management. This combination allows to accompany the evolution of the collaborative business processes during their execution. The aforementionedaccompaniment favors the obtaining of a diagnosis on performance to be used for decision-making. The latter is closely linked to the detection of alerts and particularly to the anticipation of deviations in performance as quickly as possible. To validate the scientific contribution of this thesis, a case study was carried out on a process of creation of quote within the framework of the European project FITMAN.
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