As systems have grown bigger and bigger with time message brokers have become popular to help build better and more flexible designed systems. A message broker provides communication between services in a system while still keeping the components independent from one another. This thesis evaluates end-to-end latency and throughput of two of the most popular message broker software. The first message broker is Apache Kafka which uses a commit log to write all messages to disk and a message batching to optimize throughput. The second message broker is RabbitMQ which implements the standardized Advanced MessageQueuing Protocol and, contrary to Kafka, primarily stores messages in the main memory. The throughput and message latency of both brokers were tested by integrating them both in an established system with micro-services and sending messages from one service to another through the message brokers. Results showed that RabbitMQ reached the highest recorded throughput while sendinga large amount of data, and it also reached lower latency on individual messages sent without any queue build up. Kafka had more throughput and lower latency under smaller loads of data, but needs further configuration to become more effective as the default settings are limiting under heavy loads.

This study examines the impact of the real estate broker on the effectiveness of buyer search by focusing on the linkages between search intensity and the duration of search. How long a buyer searches depends on how sensitive the buyer is to within-period search costs and across-period, sequential search costs. High-income individuals and other homebuyers with high within-period search costs tend to search longer and less intensively. Buyers with high across-period search costs, such as out-of-town buyers, tend to search more intensively. Brokers, by reducing the opportunity costs of within-period search, increase buyer search intensity, which in turn reduces actual search time.

La presente investigación tiene como finalidad evaluar el control que ejercen las empresas aseguradoras de Lima respecto de sus operaciones con los corredores de reaseguros, teniendo en cuenta que al 31 de diciembre del 2018 según la Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP (en adelante SBS) en su información estadística denominada “Riesgo de Reaseguros” menciona que las empresas de seguros han realizado operaciones con diecisiete (17) corredores de reaseguros cediendo primas por un total de 464’407,565 dólares. Por ello, nuestro objetivo es evaluar el impacto contable y tributario que ejerce la operatividad de los corredores de reaseguros en las empresas aseguradoras en función a la gestión y recuperabilidad de los cobros de siniestros de reaseguros cedidos. Se espera que la presente investigación sirva como base de conocimiento para futuras prácticas del control interno que llevan las empresas de seguros en el Perú en las operaciones con los corredores de reaseguros, y el impacto contable y tributario que pueda ejercer en la presentación de los Estados Financieros. Además, que sirva de apoyo en el fortalecimiento de la regulación peruana establecido por la Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP- y obtener normas sólidas que regulen las actividad, responsabilidad y control interno que deben llevar las empresas aseguradoras. Para validar y sustentar la hipótesis planteada se utilizaron instrumentos cualitativos y cuantitativos como las entrevistas realizadas a expertos pertenecientes al sector de seguros, encuestas al mercado asegurador y un caso práctico donde se evalúa el impacto financiero contable en una empresa de seguros por una incorrecta gestión y coordinación entre las partes acordadas con intermediación reaseguradora. En esta investigación hemos obtenido como resultado información que refleja la importancia del proceso de control interno respecto a los servicios de intermediación efectuados por los corredores de reaseguros. / The present investigation is to determine the control exercised by Lima insurance companies regarding their operations with reinsurance brokers, taking into account that as of December 31, 2018 according to the Superintendence of Banking, Insurance and AFP (hereinafter SBS) in its statistics information specified “Reinsurance risk” mentions that insurance companies have carried out operations with seventeen (17) reinsurance correctors, giving premiums for a total of $ 464,407,565. Therefore, our objective is to evaluate the accounting and tax impact of the operation of reinsurance brokers in insurance companies based on the management and recoverability of the collection of assigned reinsurance claims. The present investigation is expected to serve as a knowledge base for future internal control practices carried out by insurance companies in Peru in operations with reinsurance brokers, and the accounting and tax impact that the presentation of the Financial Statements In addition, it serves as a support in the reinforcement of Peruvian regulation through the Superintendence of Banking, Insurance and AFP- and obtains solid rules that regulate the activities, responsibility and internal control that the insurance companies must carry out. In order to validate and support the hypothesis proposed, qualitative and quantitative instruments will be used, such as interviews conducted with experts from the insurance sector, insurance market surveys and a case study where the financial accounting impact on an insurance company is evaluated by incorrect management coordination between the agreed parties with reinsurance intermediation. In this investigation we have obtained as a result the importance of the internal control process with respect to the intermediation services performed by the reinsurance brokers. / Tesis

Thesis advisor: Heather Cox Richardson / Between the 1850s and World War II, millions of workers participated in a system of continuous labor migration that drove the development of the Pacific Northwest. Western industries relied on short-term workers because of their seasonal and economic cycles. These industries were often located far from urban centers and thus relied on a highly mobile pool of North American, European, and Asian workers to turn the Northwest’s abundant natural resources into wealth, an arrangement I call the footloose labor system. In order to manage workers’ movement within and across United States borders, employers turned to immigrant labor contractors and employment agencies to bring order to this chaotic labor market. But those agencies did little to settle the high labor turnover, and instead, exerted increasing control over migrant workers. By the mid-twentieth century, white workers had largely risen out of the system, leaving migrant labor to Asian, and increasingly, Latinx workers who have come to represent “migrant workers” in today’s America.This dissertation argues that the presence of both hobos and Asian workers in the footloose labor system dynamically shaped the conditions of the labor market, and together, cemented a racialized migrant labor system in the Pacific Northwest that would come to be dominated by Latinx workers in the second half of the twentieth century. Placing labor migration—and the labor brokers who engineered the footloose labor system—at the center of the story shifts our perspective to see that hobos and Asian immigrant workers existed in the same labor market dominated by employers who relied on footloose workers. From the point of Northwestern employers and labor brokers, migrant workers, whether they were born in Kansas, Greece, China, or the Philippines, proved useful only if they made a business profitable. Employers continued to hire both white and Asian workers through labor brokers into the 1920s. But white migrant workers increasingly sought jobs outside of the footloose labor system as new technology in agriculture reduced the number of available jobs and post-World War I politics put a greater emphasis on homeownership and conformity. White workers' departure left the most precarious and exploitative jobs to Japanese, Filipinx and eventually Latinx workers. The footloose labor system always depended upon a highly mobile pool of workers who were kept on the fringes of society to do the difficult, cheapened, and necessary work of turning natural resources into wealth. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2023. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: History.

Homeschooling is a dynamic learning and living community producing a growing percentage of our nation*s college-ready students. Serious academic studies of homeschooling remain scarce, and those that exist tend to come out of sociology and anthropology. Through an analysis of the literacy practices that constitute the work of homeschooling, this study offers findings and conclusions relevant to current discourses in the fields of literacy studies and rhetoric and composition. These include discussions on the ways technology is reshaping and individualizing traditional models of literacy learning and composing, as well as the growing research on the specific actions taken by literacy brokers when mediating mainstream literacy practices to novices. This study borrows theoretical and methodological concepts provided by the New Literacy Studies in order to understand the ways in which two homeschool families with high school students learn and practice various literacies. Data collection methods included interviews, observations, and participant-produced literacy logs. I took an ecological approach to data analysis that required identifying the specific literacy practices and events of the participants and attempting to situate them within the context of the homeschooling movement and culture at large. A primary finding of the study is that homeschool mothers* role in their students* literacy practices often resembles the work of what scholars term literacy brokers. These mothers actively mediate a wide variety of mainstream or institutional practices and values to their children. While current discussions of literacy brokers detail their actions of advocacy,guidance, and assistance, this study contributes to our understanding of literacy brokers by highlighting homeschool mothers* actions of delegation and customization within the mediation process.

Immigrating into a new country can be a stressful, emotional and traumatic experience. Many immigrants have entered Sweden in recent years and have found the family dynamics have altered and that the children have taken on a more dominant role. Children have learned the language quicker and have therefore integrated into society more easily than their parents which has increased the children’s ability to use their knowledge regarding Swedish society to manipulate the parents. This study aims to investigate how family dynamics alter following immigration and also the challenges and opportunities faced by families with regards integration within Swedish society. A qualitative method was used with semi structured questions to professionals working within this field. The results were analysed using a flexible approach and common themes were abstracted and discussed using systems theory, social learning theory and also previous research. From the findings it could be identified that there were gaps in the system in supporting the parents on integrating into Swedish society. It was also evident that the power dynamics changed following immigration and the children had a more dominant role within the family.

by Tong Yuen Mun Andy. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1989. / Bibliography: leaves 76-77.

by Mak Nak Keung. / Bibliography: leaves 143-148 / Thesis (M.Phil.) -- Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1983

The protection of clients in their dealings with insurance advisors is very important. This is mainly because clients are not too knowledgeable about insurance products. This lack of knowledge makes vulnerable to exploitation by insurance advisors. It is the duty of the regulator of insurance to ensure adequate protection of clients in their dealings with insurance advisors. However, this may not be easily attainable in a jurisdiction like Lesotho where there is only one regulator for all financial institutions, the Central Bank of Lesotho. This more so because insurance is very complex as there are different persons and contracts involved. The client has to firstly deal with insurance advisors or intermediaries before an actual contract of insurance comes into existence. In Lesotho the insurance sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 18 of 1976. Although there are systems in place regarding the regulation of the insurance industry, they are not adequate nor guarantee effective protection of the clients. These measures are mainly focused on the relationship between the Commissioner and the insurance advisors and not the relationship between the insurance advisors and the clients. The ineffectiveness of the current regulatory framework in Lesotho was exposed by the MKM situation in 2007 which showed that clients in Lesotho are to a very large extent left unprotected against insurance advisors. Even the proposed Insurance Bill of 2013 which was meant to address problems not addressed by the Insurance Act, does not offer any assistance as it contains no provisions on the protection of clients. The problem with the legal framework in Lesotho is that does not address the most important of protection of clients in their dealings with insurance advisors. This is also due to the fact that there is only one regulator for all financial institutions and this places a very burdensome duty on the Central Bank of Lesotho. In order to find solutions to this problem, a comparative study based on literature was done between Lesotho and South Africa. This is because South Africa on the other hand is more advance. The current legal framework in South Africa ensures the protection of clients in their dealings with insurance advisors. The non-banking institutions such as insurance advisors are regulated by the Financial Services Board. There are systems in place in South Africa regulating the conduct of insurance advisors towards clients. The Financial Advisory and Intermediary Services Act is one of the measures in place meant to ensure that those who render advice are fit and proper by requiring them, amongst others, to be in possession of relevant academic qualifications and operational ability to dispose of their duties in terms of the Act. This is different from the position in Lesotho where the only piece of legislation regulating the insurance advisors is the Insurance Act. Furthermore, by virtue of section 2B of the General Proclamation of 1884, the common law of South Africa is applicable in Lesotho so it is important to examine the changes that South Africa has made to it common law on which Lesotho mostly relies. The results show that the clients in Lesotho are to a very large extent left unprotected against insurance advisors as the current legal framework offers them no protection. The legal framework in South Africa on the other hand affords clients more protection. However, economic position of Lesotho it would not be ideal to take all measures applicable in South Africa and apply them to Lesotho as they are. Based on these findings recommendations made include that the Commissioner must engage in consumer education to ensure that clients know about their rights in dealings with insurance advisors. Another recommendation made is that the current legal framework be amended to include provisions relating to the protection of clients. It is also recommended that the Central Bank of Lesotho is well equipped to deal with matters relating to the protection of clients. / LLM (Estate Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The protection of clients in their dealings with insurance advisors is very important. This is mainly because clients are not too knowledgeable about insurance products. This lack of knowledge makes vulnerable to exploitation by insurance advisors. It is the duty of the regulator of insurance to ensure adequate protection of clients in their dealings with insurance advisors. However, this may not be easily attainable in a jurisdiction like Lesotho where there is only one regulator for all financial institutions, the Central Bank of Lesotho. This more so because insurance is very complex as there are different persons and contracts involved. The client has to firstly deal with insurance advisors or intermediaries before an actual contract of insurance comes into existence. In Lesotho the insurance sector is regulated by the Insurance Act 18 of 1976. Although there are systems in place regarding the regulation of the insurance industry, they are not adequate nor guarantee effective protection of the clients. These measures are mainly focused on the relationship between the Commissioner and the insurance advisors and not the relationship between the insurance advisors and the clients. The ineffectiveness of the current regulatory framework in Lesotho was exposed by the MKM situation in 2007 which showed that clients in Lesotho are to a very large extent left unprotected against insurance advisors. Even the proposed Insurance Bill of 2013 which was meant to address problems not addressed by the Insurance Act, does not offer any assistance as it contains no provisions on the protection of clients. The problem with the legal framework in Lesotho is that does not address the most important of protection of clients in their dealings with insurance advisors. This is also due to the fact that there is only one regulator for all financial institutions and this places a very burdensome duty on the Central Bank of Lesotho. In order to find solutions to this problem, a comparative study based on literature was done between Lesotho and South Africa. This is because South Africa on the other hand is more advance. The current legal framework in South Africa ensures the protection of clients in their dealings with insurance advisors. The non-banking institutions such as insurance advisors are regulated by the Financial Services Board. There are systems in place in South Africa regulating the conduct of insurance advisors towards clients. The Financial Advisory and Intermediary Services Act is one of the measures in place meant to ensure that those who render advice are fit and proper by requiring them, amongst others, to be in possession of relevant academic qualifications and operational ability to dispose of their duties in terms of the Act. This is different from the position in Lesotho where the only piece of legislation regulating the insurance advisors is the Insurance Act. Furthermore, by virtue of section 2B of the General Proclamation of 1884, the common law of South Africa is applicable in Lesotho so it is important to examine the changes that South Africa has made to it common law on which Lesotho mostly relies. The results show that the clients in Lesotho are to a very large extent left unprotected against insurance advisors as the current legal framework offers them no protection. The legal framework in South Africa on the other hand affords clients more protection. However, economic position of Lesotho it would not be ideal to take all measures applicable in South Africa and apply them to Lesotho as they are. Based on these findings recommendations made include that the Commissioner must engage in consumer education to ensure that clients know about their rights in dealings with insurance advisors. Another recommendation made is that the current legal framework be amended to include provisions relating to the protection of clients. It is also recommended that the Central Bank of Lesotho is well equipped to deal with matters relating to the protection of clients. / LLM (Estate Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015