The master’s thesis aims at valuation of a selected company. Valuation is based on the yield methods of appraisal. The first part defines the theoretical background used in the second part. The second part is practical and works with real data of existing company. Strategic and financial analyses were used to evaluate selected financial indicators. The pessimistic and optimistic variants of the financial plan are part of the thesis. The financial plans are based on percentage proportion of takings. These plans establish a starting point for valuation of the company based on discounted cash flow. The aim of the thesis is to determine the value of the company at the time of appraisal.

The aim of the master’s thesis is to valuate comapny BATA, a.s. using income – based valuation mmethods. Thesis is dividend into two parts, theoretical and practical. Theoretical part describes basic charakteristics of the terms, defines company and its value, overview of invidual methods and procedures used for valuation of the company. Practical part is focused on application of theoretical knowledge in practise. The master’s thesis contains economical analysis, especially strategic analysis, financial analysis and preliminary valuation of comapany based on value generators. Company value was based on two yield methods, especially method of discounted cash flow entity and method of economic addend value.

The thesis is focused on determining the value of the company Steelmont - konstrukce s. r. o. The first part is dedicated to theoretical basis using available Czech and foreign literature that relate to this topic. The second part deals with the analysis of the current state of the company, which includes strategic and financial analysis. Another important part of the business valuation is financial plan. By using the suitable method is determined the enterprise value for a certain period, and finaly there are created proposals to increase this value.

The aim of the thesis is to determine the value of company XY, Ltd., focused on pro-ducing precision metal manufacturing. The thesis could be used as supporting document for business decisions made by management of company and could be used as a value determination for not predetermined buyer. The value of the company is calculated on 1. 1. 2015 by application of income methods. Specifically, the valuation is processed by method of discounted cash flow method DCF entities and the economic value added method EVA. The starting point of valuation is the strategic analysis, financial analysis and the analysis of value drivers. Based on these analyses will be determined value of the company.

The thesis deals with the management of the solvency in the company MFC-MORFICO s. r. o. are Found through the analysis of individual components of working capital weak spots to improve and streamline its management, attention is paid to the evaluation of the processes intervening in obratového cycle of money, analysis of working capital as a whole and compared with the two largest competitors of the company in the field was designed, appropriate measures and recommendations which should in the future bring higher efficiency in working capital management, the subsequent savings and increase the value of the company.

The thesis deals with an assessment of financial and economic situation of a production company by means of selected methods of financial analysis. The paper presents suggestions for measures to be taken in order to improve the financial strategy of the company.

One of the major issue for life insurance companies is proper and consistent valuation of liabilities. This thesis introduces the standard estimation methods used in practice and discussed the alternative methods, which might help to speed up these calculations. It studies two possible methods of acceleration of calcu- lations in life insurance: analytic function and cluster analysis. The outcome of these work is comparison of discussed methods applied on generated life insur- ance portfolio. All methods were applied on two possible insurance products. Comparison of the results is based on the calculation precision and time needed to process the liabilities of the insurance company's portfolio. 1

Bakgrund: Det råder ett alltmer hårt företagsklimat i dagens samhälle, därför är det viktigt att företag har en så god hantering av affärsprocesserna i verksamheten som möjligt. Det område som då blir meningsfullt att arbeta med är cash management. Cash management kan användas av företag för att förbättra både lönsamhet och finansiering. Inom ämnet ryms många olika delar, bland annat inbetalningar, utbetalningar, kundfordringar, och likviditetshantering. I nära samband med cash management uppkommer också riskhantering. Riskhantering har aldrig varit en lätt uppgift och särskilt inte för små företag. För att bemöta risker på ett så bra sätt som möjligt krävs det att företagen utformar och applicerar effektiva metoder. Det är av stor betydelse att förebygga risker snarare än att angripa dem när de väl uppstår. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur cash management samt risker relaterat till cash management hanteras i små företag. Teoretisk utgångspunkt: Arbetets teoretiska utgångspunkt är cash management och dess olika delar samt tillhörande risker. De identifierade olika delarna är inbetalningar, utbetalningar, kredittid, kundfordringar, likviditetsplanering, placering av likvida överskott och likviditetsreserv. De tillhörande riskerna utgörs av kreditrisk, likviditetsrisk, ränterisk och valutarisk. Metod: Studien utgår från en kvalitativ ansats eftersom tidigare forskning visat att detta är en lämplig metod för att undersöka problemområdet. Studiens empiri är insamlad genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio olika småföretag. Slutsatser: Studien pekar på att småföretag arbetar med cash management på olika sätt, i olika utsträckning och att det finns utrymme för förbättring. Även riskhantering i små företag ser olika ut samt att små företag är exponerade olika mycket för olika risker. Vi ser kopplingar mellan riskhantering och cash management i de små företagen och oftast går hantering av goda cash management-rutiner ihop med en minskad riskexponering. / Background: There is an increasingly rough business climate in today’s society, therefore it is important for enterprises to have a good management of the business processes as possible. What becomes meaningful to work with then is cash management. Cash management can be used by enterprises to improve both profitability and financing. The topic includes different parts such as payments, accounts receivable and liquidity management. Also risk management is often associated with cash management. Risk management has never been an easy task and especially not for small enterprises. To deal with this it is required for the enterprises to design and apply efficient methods and strategies. It is of great importance to prevent these risks than deal with them once they occur. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to research how cash management and risks related to cash management are managed in small enterprises. Theoretical starting point: The theoretical starting point of the study is cash management and its different elements and associated risks. The different identified elements are payments,credit period, accounts receivables, liquidity management, investment of liquid surpluses and liquidity reserve. The related risks are credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk and currency risk. Method: The study is based on a quantitative approach since previous studies shown that this is an appropriate method in order to research the issue. The empirical data is collected by semi-structured interviews with ten different small enterprises. Conclusions: The study shows that small enterprises work with cash management differently, in different extent and there is room for improvements. Also risk management in small enterprises tends to differ and the enterprises are exposed in different extent for various risks. There is a connection between risk management and cash management in small enterprisesand good management of cash often tends to minimize risk exposure.

An investment in a private equity is any investment made in a financial asset that is not publicly traded. As such these assets are very difficult to value and also give rise to great difficulty when it comes to quantifying risk. In a typical private equity investment the investor commits a prespecified amount of capital to a fund, this capital will be called upon as needed by the fund and eventually capital will be returned to the investor by the fund as it starts to turn a profit. In this way a private equity investment can be boiled down to consist of two cash flows, the contributions to the fund and distributions from the fund to the investor. These cash flows are usually made within a prespecified time frame but at unspecified intervals and amounts. As an investor in a fund, carrying too little liquid assets when contributions are called upon will cause trouble, but carrying significantly more than needed is also not desirable as it represents a loss in potential revenue from having less capital in more profitable investments. The goal of this thesis was to attempt to find a way to reliably model these cash flows and to find a way to represent the results in a meaningful way for the benefit of the investor by constructing value at risk like risk measures for the necessary liquid capital to carry at a given time in case contributions are called upon. It was found that the distributions could be modelled very well with the chosen stochastic processes, both as it related to predicting the average path of the cash flows and as it relates to modelling the variability of them. Contrary to this it was found that the contributions could not be modelled very well. The reason for this was found to be an observed lag in the speed of contributions at the start of the funds lifetime, this lag was not taken into account when constructing the stochastic model and hence it produced simulated cash flows not in line with those used in the calibration. / En investering i private equity är en investering i en tillgång som inte är börsnoterade. På grund av detta är sådana tillgångar väldigt svåra att värdera och medför även store svårigheter när det kommer till att kvantifiera risk. I en typisk private equity investering so ingår en investerare i ett löfte att under en viss förbestämd tidsperiod bidra med en fixt mängd kapital till en private equity fond. Detta kapital kommer att gradvis kallas på av fonden vid behov för att sedan mot slutet av fondens livstid ge utdelning när private equity fonden börjar göra en vinst. På detta viset kan en private equity investering brytas ner i två kassaflöden, kontributioner in i fonden, och distributioner ut ur fonden. Dessa kassaflöden sker under en förbestämd tidsperiod men ej förbestämda belopp. Som en investerare i denna typen av fond är därför en risk att bära för lite likvid kapital när kontributioner blir kallade på men även oattraktivt att bäre på för mycket de detta representerar förlorar potentiell avkastning. Målet i denna uppsatts är att hitta ett sätt att på att tillförlitligt vis modellera dessa kassaflöden och representera resultaten på ett meningsfullt sätt från perspektivet av en investerare. För att uppnå detta skapades value-at-risk liknande mått för mängden likvid kapital som krävs under en tidsperiod för att säkra sig mot påkallade kontributioner. Slutsatsen blev att distributioner kunde modelleras väl, både när det kom till att efterlikna den genomsnittliga vägen av kassaflöden och även för att modellera risken. I kontrast till detta så kunde inte kontributioner modelleras mot tillräckligt hög säkerhet för att användes i det ämnade syftena. Anledningen till detta var en eftersläpning i hastigheten som kontributioner kallades med som inte tågs i beaktande av den tillämpade matematiska modellen.

Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена характеристике расчетно-кассового обслуживания клиентов в коммерческих банках, включающее в себя открытие и ведение банковских счетов юридических и физических лиц, является для банков очень важным видом деятельности. Расчетно-кассовое обслуживание в совокупности с проведением операций по привлечению денежных средств физических и юридических лиц во вклады и размещением этих средств от имени и за счет банка является классической банковской операцией. / Final qualification work (master thesis) is devoted to the cash management customer service in commercial banks, including opening and maintaining Bank accounts of legal and natural persons to banks is a very important activity. Cash management services in conjunction with the operations on attraction of funds of physical and legal persons into deposits and placement of these funds on behalf of and for the account of the Bank is a classic Bank transaction.