Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2005. / Supervisors: David A. Kendrick and Beatrix Paal. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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With wireless internet, wireless network(including mobile internet ) will become the new mainstream communication. At the same time, due to the mobility and efficiency of mobile devices, such as PDA, cellular phone, etc., more diverse new functions and services are becoming available. In the near future, mobile commerce and mobile payment systems certainly will become one of the consumer life styles. As a result, many scholars or organizations all propose the mechanism suitable for the mobile commerce and mobile payment system. However, compared to many countries around the world, mobile payment is yet to be developed in Taiwan. From the supply side, there exists a problem that those services control in hands in the telecommunication system industry¡Fand on the other side, there exist some problems from the users , like use habit is difficult to set up , and lack of suitable use situation, etc. This research is based on ¡§The BOT of e-commerce and wireless network development¡¨, which is erected from Taiwan Railway Administration (TRA). We use the situation to develop the mobile payment system and related business plan, hoping to provide a reference for investors of TRA, who want to develop e-commerce and needing a complete payment system and cashflow mechanism. The payment system of this research institute planning is especially in the environment to consumers, propose differently at present that the adding value of the existing mobile payment system is served. For example, we combine the storage fund mechanism and credit card on mobile, transmit trade information through wireless network or IVR, in order to reach all the unrestricting users. We also bring innovative cell-phone dial depositing and cash fund mechanism, in order to solve the situation that passengers are confined in the railroad car and can't move to anyway. The financial model is set up after the business plan, to carry on the feasible assessment of financial affairs of this special project. According to the results from the financial model, NPV of the project is 8,917,271 NT dollar, IRR is up to 22% , DPB is about 4.9 year; and therefore this project is feasible on financial affairs.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to identify the factors of adoption within alternative e-payments methods, and gain a deeper understanding of the reasons to why these factors affect the consumer’s adoption. This will be conducted through empirical research, as well as looking into previous theory in order to propose a research framework that is appropriately adapted to the specific phenomenon of alternative e-payments.   Problem: The substantial growth of e-commerce, and the limitations within conventional card payment has paved way for the development of new and innovative alternative e-payment methods. Past research point towards that, there are gaps in literature, where there is a lack of qualitative studies within the field. Furthermore, Sweden is one of the nations with the highest level of innovativeness, as well as e-commerce usage making it an appropriate market to analyze.   Method and Methodology: By applying an intepretevism paradigm, this research views knowledge from a subjective viewpoint. The primary data is collected through a qualitative approach, using one-to-one semi structured interviews, in order to obtain deeper a response. The gathered data is later on analyzed and compared with the previous research within the field.   Findings: The findings of this thesis identifies the factors of adoption within alternative e-payments and why they have an affect. Certain factors seemed to be of greater importance than others, and many of the factors held similarities showing their interdependent nature. Furthermore, new factors were identified as well as the factors being highly context specific, identifying gaps that should be addressed in future research.

The diploma thesis "The Payment services and their legal regulation" deals with payment services, their definition and description of the legislation. Furthermore it treats payment services contract and focuses further on payment transactions (transfer of funds), in particular payment orders and their requirements. The aim of the paper is analysis of various payment services and related institutions, including a short presentation of persons authorized to provide a payment service. The paper itself consists of introduction, three chapters and conclusion. The author presents the topic and his motives along with short example of literature in the introduction. First chapter deals with a theoretical introduction to the topic and explains key concepts and relations, including specific notion of payment (contact). Furthermore, the first chapter includes description of the persons authorized to provide payment services and introduces legislation dealing with payment services, including European legislation and its comparison with the preceding regulation covering payments. In the second part, the author presents, defines and describes the various payment services, including examples. Also so-called negative list of payment services, as results from the Payment Act, is presented. The second chapter also...

Electronic Payment Systems (EPS) are gaining popularity all over the world. An EPS consists of many component technologies which facilitate cashless payments for services. The focus of this thesis is on device associated technologies that an end customer uses to initiate an e-payment for a particular service via a Payment Service Provider (PSP). A technology solution in an EPS is developed by a Payment Solution Developer (PSD). The market between a PSP and a PSD is a B2B market. A PSD must understand and develop that combination of technology and service which will successfully diffuse. The success of a PSP therefore depends a lot on what a PSD develops. A theoretical framework to measure diffusion of e-payment technologies, services and their combinations in the B2B market was developed and empirically assessed in this thesis. Two concepts namely concept of breadth and concept of spread were defined. The concept of breadth and spread were applied to e-payment technologies, services and their combinations. The derived concepts namely technology breadth, service breadth, technology spread, service spread and technology-service combination spread were defined and measured. We then extended the concept of breadth to understand utilization of technologies and services within an EPS. Set theory was used to describe the framework. A sample of 45 EPS was compiled from various sources. This secondary data of EPS consisted of 8 technologies and 16 services. The 8 technologies are Interactive Voice Response (IVR), text messaging using Short Messaging Service (SMS), text messaging using Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), mobile internet using Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), mobile application, Near Field Communication (NFC), Personal Computer (PC) internet and smart card. The 16 services are retail shopping payment, banking, health payment, insurance payment, mobile bill payment, mobile recharge, money transfer, movie ticket booking, parking fee payment, restaurant payment, payment at sports/swimming club, toll payment, transportation payment, tuition fee payment, utilities payment, and vending machine payment. Three categories of PSPs namely core payment service providers (n=18), non-core payment service providers (n=12) and merchants (n=15) were identified from the 45 EPS. Binomial proportion test was used to verify the concepts of breadth and spread. Spearman correlation was used to find correlation between the concept of breadth and spread of technologies and services. The 45 EPS in the sample were then grouped under three sub groups based on the categories of their PSPs. Binomial tests were used within each sub group to understand the preferences of technologies, services and their combinations by each category. The results verified that certain e-payment technologies possess more breadth i.e., capability to deliver many e-payment services and certain e-payment services possess more breadth i.e., delivered by many e-payment technologies. A difference in diffusion i.e., spread of technologies, services and their combinations were observed. Details of these differences are discussed in this thesis for technologies, services and their combinations. A positive correlation was observed between the concept of breadth and spread. Specialization of technologies, services and their combinations within categories of PSPs were observed. Variations in utilization of technologies and services by EPS were observed.

<p><em>I detta arbete har vi studerat tjänsten SMS-betalning. Vi har fokuserat på att utvärdera och beskriva tjänstens användningsområde samt dess styrkor och svagheter. Utifrån företaget Mobill, vars affärsidé är att utveckla en betalningstjänst via SMS har vi fått en bild av hur ett företag kan satsa på denna teknik. I en studie med konsumenterna har vi visat den generella bilden av inställningen till betalningstjänsten, detta för att vidare kunna utvärdera betalningssystemet. Dessa studier har båda en kvalitativ karaktär. Våra undersökningar har visat att betalningstjänstens främsta användningsområde är för mindre betalningar, så kallade mikrobetalningar, vid betalning av framför allt parkeringsavgifter, biljetter för transport, events och vägtullar. Konsumenternas attityd till betaltjänsten är positiv men fortfarande saknas det något för att en bredare användning ska utveckla sig. Vår studie visar dessutom att SMS-betalningen för med sig en stödtjänst nämligen SMS-biljetten, där SMS-systemet både ersätter betalningen av en biljett samt biljetten i sig. Något som kan ses som positivt och tala för tjänstens fortsatta tillväxt. Hotbilden är dock signifikant och utgörs av konkurrerande tjänster som kan substituera SMS-betalningen genom nyare, säkrare och mer effektiva betalningslösningar med mobiltelefonen som hjälpmedel. Om SMS-betalningens existens är hotad är dock mer tveksamt, möjligen på en längre sikt där även SMS-funktionen som kommunikations medel blir föråldrad och utbytt.</em></p> / <p><em>In this thesis we have made a study of SMS-payment. Our focus has been to describe and analyze the possible uses of the service as well as their strengths and weaknesses. Through the business of Mobill whose idea is to develop a payment method via SMS, we have obtained a picture of how a company invests in this technology. Our research has shown that the SMS-payments main area of use is for the so called micro payments, when paying parking fees, tickets for transportation, events or road tax. The attitude of the consumers is positive in general but there is still something missing that will enable a broader use of the service. Furthermore our study shows that the service also enables the customer to get an electronic ticket when paying tickets by SMS. This is a factor that might provide the payment method with more chance of success and further growth. However there is a significant threat to the service, provided by their competitors. These competitors are developing mobile payment systems that can be considered newer, safer and more effective than the SMS-payment and might end up being a substitution. Yet it is more questionable whether the existence of the SMS-payment is threatened. Perhaps in a long term view where even the SMS-function as a means of communicating will be considered old and ultimately end up being replaced.</em></p>

I detta arbete har vi studerat tjänsten SMS-betalning. Vi har fokuserat på att utvärdera och beskriva tjänstens användningsområde samt dess styrkor och svagheter. Utifrån företaget Mobill, vars affärsidé är att utveckla en betalningstjänst via SMS har vi fått en bild av hur ett företag kan satsa på denna teknik. I en studie med konsumenterna har vi visat den generella bilden av inställningen till betalningstjänsten, detta för att vidare kunna utvärdera betalningssystemet. Dessa studier har båda en kvalitativ karaktär. Våra undersökningar har visat att betalningstjänstens främsta användningsområde är för mindre betalningar, så kallade mikrobetalningar, vid betalning av framför allt parkeringsavgifter, biljetter för transport, events och vägtullar. Konsumenternas attityd till betaltjänsten är positiv men fortfarande saknas det något för att en bredare användning ska utveckla sig. Vår studie visar dessutom att SMS-betalningen för med sig en stödtjänst nämligen SMS-biljetten, där SMS-systemet både ersätter betalningen av en biljett samt biljetten i sig. Något som kan ses som positivt och tala för tjänstens fortsatta tillväxt. Hotbilden är dock signifikant och utgörs av konkurrerande tjänster som kan substituera SMS-betalningen genom nyare, säkrare och mer effektiva betalningslösningar med mobiltelefonen som hjälpmedel. Om SMS-betalningens existens är hotad är dock mer tveksamt, möjligen på en längre sikt där även SMS-funktionen som kommunikations medel blir föråldrad och utbytt. / In this thesis we have made a study of SMS-payment. Our focus has been to describe and analyze the possible uses of the service as well as their strengths and weaknesses. Through the business of Mobill whose idea is to develop a payment method via SMS, we have obtained a picture of how a company invests in this technology. Our research has shown that the SMS-payments main area of use is for the so called micro payments, when paying parking fees, tickets for transportation, events or road tax. The attitude of the consumers is positive in general but there is still something missing that will enable a broader use of the service. Furthermore our study shows that the service also enables the customer to get an electronic ticket when paying tickets by SMS. This is a factor that might provide the payment method with more chance of success and further growth. However there is a significant threat to the service, provided by their competitors. These competitors are developing mobile payment systems that can be considered newer, safer and more effective than the SMS-payment and might end up being a substitution. Yet it is more questionable whether the existence of the SMS-payment is threatened. Perhaps in a long term view where even the SMS-function as a means of communicating will be considered old and ultimately end up being replaced.

published_or_final_version / Business Administration / Master / Master of Business Administration

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