Paratexts to Non-Linear Media Texts: Paratextuality in Video Game Culture Jan Švelch Abstract The thesis explores paratextuality in the video game culture. This concept coined in 1982 by Gérard Genette in the context of literary publishing has been throughout the last thirty-five years adopted by other fields, including television and film studies, and game studies. However, the recent appropriations of the paratextual framework significantly deviate from its original conceptualization and cause terminological confusion. Still, paratextuality has the potential to provide a unique insight into cultural practices across various cultural industries, including video games. Figuratively described as a threshold, the concept of paratextuality deals with often overlooked elements of media ecosystems, such as promotional materials or instruction manuals. In the thesis, I present a thorough critical review of the current state of paratextual research. Due to its unsatisfactory state, I propose an updated paratextual framework, which builds on the theoretical foundations of textual transcendence. Its more practical dimensions then acknowledge the cultural specificities of the video game cultural industry. In the empirical part of the thesis, I focus on video game trailers and analyze both their formal qualities as...

A elaboração de projetos de chassi para semirreboques exige a compilação de fatores primordiais à sua aceitação, como atender a requisitos normativos, adequar-se a legislações de trânsito vigentes, conciliar anseios de transportadores e responder adequadamente às excitações das estradas por onde estes irão trafegar. A junção destes requisitos de entrada, geralmente, resulta em limitações estruturais ao semirreboque, neste trabalho destaca-se o fator da restrição geométrica oriunda do sistema de acoplamento da unidade tracionada com a unidade tratora. Esta condição de contorno gera uma região crítica na longarina do semirreboque, suscetível a falhas, que passam por deformações plásticas a trincas transversais que inutilizam o equipamento. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar o comportamento estrutural do chassi de um semirreboque carregado, segundo legislação vigente, submetido a manobras direcionais relacionadas às dinâmicas lateral e vertical, a fim de avaliar os níveis de tensão atuante frente aos carregamentos impostos. Para isso desenvolve-se uma metodologia de avaliação baseada em acelerações e tensões em pontos específicos do chassi. A sistemática compreende uma análise dinâmica virtual, uma análise estrutural via método dos elementos finitos e uma instrumentação experimental do semirreboque, a fim de calibrar os modelos virtuais. Obtiveram-se resultados de aceleração e deslocamentos para os três tipos de manobra, double lane change, para velocidades de 50, 60 e 70 km/h, costela de vaca, para velocidades 10, 20 e 30 km/h e o slalom para velocidades de 30 e 40 km/h. Os resultados demonstram que, para um carregamento adequado, todas as manobras imprimem níveis de exigência compatíveis com a estrutura proposta. / The project evaluation for a cargo road equipment chassis requires the compilation of key factors to its acceptance as meet regulatory requirements, as adapt to existing traffic laws, reconciling aspirations of carriers and respond adequately the roads excitations of the through where they will travel. The combination of these entry requisites usually results in structural limitations on the semi-trailer, thus this work highlights the geometric restriction which arises from the coupling between the tractor and pulled units. This boundary condition creates a critical region in the road equipment stringer, susceptible to failures, which goes though plastic deformation and transverse cracks that may disenable the equipment. This study aims to investigate the chassis’s structural behavior of a loaded semi-trailer, following the current legislation, submitted to directional maneuvers related the lateral and vertical dynamic in order to evaluate the stress levels acting due to the imposed loads. Therefore, an evaluation methodology based on accelerations and stresses on specific points on the chassis has been developed. The systematic comprises a virtual dynamic analysis, a structural analysis by finite element method and an experimental instrumentation of the semi-trailer in order to calibrate the virtual models. Results were obtained for displacement and acceleration for three kind’s maneuvers, double lane change to speeds of 50, 60 and 70 km/h, cow ribs to speeds 10, 20 and 30 km/h and for slalom speeds of 30 and 40 km/h. The Results shows for a proper loading, all maneuvers show stringency levels consistent with the proposed structure.

A elaboração de projetos de chassi para semirreboques exige a compilação de fatores primordiais à sua aceitação, como atender a requisitos normativos, adequar-se a legislações de trânsito vigentes, conciliar anseios de transportadores e responder adequadamente às excitações das estradas por onde estes irão trafegar. A junção destes requisitos de entrada, geralmente, resulta em limitações estruturais ao semirreboque, neste trabalho destaca-se o fator da restrição geométrica oriunda do sistema de acoplamento da unidade tracionada com a unidade tratora. Esta condição de contorno gera uma região crítica na longarina do semirreboque, suscetível a falhas, que passam por deformações plásticas a trincas transversais que inutilizam o equipamento. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar o comportamento estrutural do chassi de um semirreboque carregado, segundo legislação vigente, submetido a manobras direcionais relacionadas às dinâmicas lateral e vertical, a fim de avaliar os níveis de tensão atuante frente aos carregamentos impostos. Para isso desenvolve-se uma metodologia de avaliação baseada em acelerações e tensões em pontos específicos do chassi. A sistemática compreende uma análise dinâmica virtual, uma análise estrutural via método dos elementos finitos e uma instrumentação experimental do semirreboque, a fim de calibrar os modelos virtuais. Obtiveram-se resultados de aceleração e deslocamentos para os três tipos de manobra, double lane change, para velocidades de 50, 60 e 70 km/h, costela de vaca, para velocidades 10, 20 e 30 km/h e o slalom para velocidades de 30 e 40 km/h. Os resultados demonstram que, para um carregamento adequado, todas as manobras imprimem níveis de exigência compatíveis com a estrutura proposta. / The project evaluation for a cargo road equipment chassis requires the compilation of key factors to its acceptance as meet regulatory requirements, as adapt to existing traffic laws, reconciling aspirations of carriers and respond adequately the roads excitations of the through where they will travel. The combination of these entry requisites usually results in structural limitations on the semi-trailer, thus this work highlights the geometric restriction which arises from the coupling between the tractor and pulled units. This boundary condition creates a critical region in the road equipment stringer, susceptible to failures, which goes though plastic deformation and transverse cracks that may disenable the equipment. This study aims to investigate the chassis’s structural behavior of a loaded semi-trailer, following the current legislation, submitted to directional maneuvers related the lateral and vertical dynamic in order to evaluate the stress levels acting due to the imposed loads. Therefore, an evaluation methodology based on accelerations and stresses on specific points on the chassis has been developed. The systematic comprises a virtual dynamic analysis, a structural analysis by finite element method and an experimental instrumentation of the semi-trailer in order to calibrate the virtual models. Results were obtained for displacement and acceleration for three kind’s maneuvers, double lane change to speeds of 50, 60 and 70 km/h, cow ribs to speeds 10, 20 and 30 km/h and for slalom speeds of 30 and 40 km/h. The Results shows for a proper loading, all maneuvers show stringency levels consistent with the proposed structure.

A elaboração de projetos de chassi para semirreboques exige a compilação de fatores primordiais à sua aceitação, como atender a requisitos normativos, adequar-se a legislações de trânsito vigentes, conciliar anseios de transportadores e responder adequadamente às excitações das estradas por onde estes irão trafegar. A junção destes requisitos de entrada, geralmente, resulta em limitações estruturais ao semirreboque, neste trabalho destaca-se o fator da restrição geométrica oriunda do sistema de acoplamento da unidade tracionada com a unidade tratora. Esta condição de contorno gera uma região crítica na longarina do semirreboque, suscetível a falhas, que passam por deformações plásticas a trincas transversais que inutilizam o equipamento. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar o comportamento estrutural do chassi de um semirreboque carregado, segundo legislação vigente, submetido a manobras direcionais relacionadas às dinâmicas lateral e vertical, a fim de avaliar os níveis de tensão atuante frente aos carregamentos impostos. Para isso desenvolve-se uma metodologia de avaliação baseada em acelerações e tensões em pontos específicos do chassi. A sistemática compreende uma análise dinâmica virtual, uma análise estrutural via método dos elementos finitos e uma instrumentação experimental do semirreboque, a fim de calibrar os modelos virtuais. Obtiveram-se resultados de aceleração e deslocamentos para os três tipos de manobra, double lane change, para velocidades de 50, 60 e 70 km/h, costela de vaca, para velocidades 10, 20 e 30 km/h e o slalom para velocidades de 30 e 40 km/h. Os resultados demonstram que, para um carregamento adequado, todas as manobras imprimem níveis de exigência compatíveis com a estrutura proposta. / The project evaluation for a cargo road equipment chassis requires the compilation of key factors to its acceptance as meet regulatory requirements, as adapt to existing traffic laws, reconciling aspirations of carriers and respond adequately the roads excitations of the through where they will travel. The combination of these entry requisites usually results in structural limitations on the semi-trailer, thus this work highlights the geometric restriction which arises from the coupling between the tractor and pulled units. This boundary condition creates a critical region in the road equipment stringer, susceptible to failures, which goes though plastic deformation and transverse cracks that may disenable the equipment. This study aims to investigate the chassis’s structural behavior of a loaded semi-trailer, following the current legislation, submitted to directional maneuvers related the lateral and vertical dynamic in order to evaluate the stress levels acting due to the imposed loads. Therefore, an evaluation methodology based on accelerations and stresses on specific points on the chassis has been developed. The systematic comprises a virtual dynamic analysis, a structural analysis by finite element method and an experimental instrumentation of the semi-trailer in order to calibrate the virtual models. Results were obtained for displacement and acceleration for three kind’s maneuvers, double lane change to speeds of 50, 60 and 70 km/h, cow ribs to speeds 10, 20 and 30 km/h and for slalom speeds of 30 and 40 km/h. The Results shows for a proper loading, all maneuvers show stringency levels consistent with the proposed structure.

Laxå Special Vehicles (LSV) är ett företag som har ett starkt samarbete med Scania. De modifierar och bygger olika delar till Scanias lastbilar, bland annat hytter. Scania har uppdaterat hytternas design och verksamheten i Laxå har tvingats expandera med en ny lokal i samma område. Den nya produktionen kommer kräva stor yta och LSV kommer få ont om buffertplatser. Detta projekt har fokuserat på att ta fram ett koncept för hur hytterna ska transporteras mellan lokalerna på ett så smidigt sätt som möjligt, idag används en lastbilstrailer. Konceptet skulle kunna användas som buffertzon vilket ställde krav på lastutrymmets fuktighet. Dessutom skulle den hytt som lastas först kunna tas ut först. Uppdraget avgränsades till att ta fram ett traktorsläp då dessa ansågs ha få trafikkrav. I början av projektet låg fokus på att skapa en uppfattning av problemet. Detta gjordes genom att följa med och titta på hur problemet hanterades med den befintliga lösningen samt genom att prata med berörda personer. Det konstaterades att det steg som var krångligast var när trucken skulle lyfta hytterna i och ur trailern. I samråd med LSV valdes att titta närmare på en lösning där lastning kunde ske manuellt genom att reglera släpvagnens höjd efter lastplatsens utformning. För att hitta inspiration till detta söktes befintliga höj- och sänkbara släp. Problemet bröts ner i delproblem och flera lösningar försökte hittas. Idéerna utvärderades först enskilt och ett antal koncept valdes ut. Dessa presenterades för de inblandade personerna på företaget och ett gemensamt konceptval gjordes. Därefter bestämdes släpvagnens utseende och funktion mer i detalj. Enklare hållfasthetsberäkningar utfördes i datorprogram och en 3D – modell av släpvagnen skapades. En ritning med viktiga mått och en beskrivande sprängskiss togs fram. Flera företag kontaktades för att få prisuppgifter på släpets olika delar, för de delar där inget pris hittades gjordes uppskattningar. Kostnaderna sammanställdes i en kostnadskalkyl. / Laxå Special Vehicles (LSV) is a company that has a strong partnership with Scania. They modify and build various parts of Scania's trucks, including cabs. Scania has updated the cabs design and LSV has been forced to expand with a new factory in the same area. The new production will require a large area and LSV will get fewer buffer zones. This project has focused on developing a concept for how to transport the cabs between the factories as smoothly as possible, today a trailer is used. The concept would also be used as a buffer zone, which demands that the cargo space humidity is low enough. Another demand was that the first loaded cab is possible to remove first (FIFO). The task was delimited to develop a tractor trailer as these were considered to have few traffic requirements. At the beginning the project focused on understanding the problem. This was done by looking at how the problem was handled today and by talking to persons of interest. The most difficult step was when the cabs were to be loaded by forklift. In consultation with LSV, it was chosen to look into a solution where loading could be done manually, by changing the trailer’s level relative to the cargo loading area. To find inspiration for this, a search for existing lifting and lowering trailers was performed. The big problem was broken into smaller problems and several possible solutions were examined. The ideas were evaluated individually and a number of concepts were selected. These were presented to the company and a final choice was made. Then, the appearance and function of the trailer was determined in more detail. Strength analysis were made in a computer program and a 3D model of the trailer was created. A drawing with important dimensions and an exploded view of the trailer was presented. Several companies were contacted for price information on the trailers parts, for those parts where no price was found an estimation was made. The costs was then summarized.

The purpose of this thesis is to calculate strenght of materials used in bale trailer and it's construction modifications. This work presents the design of new frame construction. After that the frame is checked via the finite elements method.

Goal of this master’s thesis is design of trailer compressor intended for construction work. Part of this work is conducting analysis, dealing with history, technical possibilities and contemporary trends in using compressors. Second part contains solution based on the conducted research with regards to meet all the functional, technical, esthetic and ergonomic requirements.

My diploma thesis is about project trailer bus for transportation of persons. It´s for SOR Libchavy spol. s r.o. This project work deals with four-wheel trailer bus for person transportation with independent suspension of all wheels and air axle suspension. All of the wheels are operated in dependence on turning trailer drawbar. Both of the axles are taken from front axle of bus SOR BN 12.

Theme of this diploma thesis is the design of caravan meaning travel trailer. Concept is adapted to the technical and ergonomic requirements and the main goal of this concept is to provide original design with a view to the future. The complex concept meets the operational, technical and ergonomic demands of such trailers. The project is focused on the design concept of the implemented folding mechanism. Design of the travel trailer is due to todays modern technological methods and the construction ready for production and everyday operating usage.

The subject of this master’s thesis is strength analysis of trailer frame, for platform placed goods and palletized goods transport. Strength analysis is made by the finite element method. This thesis describes design of a frame, finite element model creation and results analysis. On the basis of this results, the structural modification with a stress state calculation are suggested.